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Transitional justice and the struggle for reparations for slavery and its ongoing legacies in the United States : Joyce Hope Scott in conversation with Cira Pallí-Asperó and Tine Destrooper
No full textAs global uprisings for racial justice put questions about historical and ongoing racial injustice higher on academic, public and political agendas, transitional justice (TJ) scholars increasingly started to explore which dynamics of racial injustice might be supported by, or reflected in, the practice of TJ. These questions have mostly been addressed by critical TJ scholars, who formulate an encompassing critique regarding pitfalls of formalised and standardised TJ. Despite these critiques, however, some grassroots actors across the globe are mobilising, re-appropriating and re-signifying TJ practices and rhetoric as part of their struggle for redress. For example, this can be observed among certain activists seeking reparations for African people for enslavement and its associated legacies of institutional racism in the United States. In this interview between Joyce Hope Scott, Cira Pall & iacute;-Asper & oacute; and Tine Destrooper we explore what the implications are of this mobilisation of TJ rhetoric and tools by racial justice activists, both for this specific struggle for reparative justice, as well as for the broader domain of TJ. The piece underscores the nexus between TJ and protest foregrounding the revolutionary potential of TJ rhetoric and initiatives when these are used in non-scripted and innovative ways by social movements and activists who seek to disrupt a harmful status quo
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
The travel, translation and transformation of human rights norms
No full textHuman rights norms are not static. They travel within and between groups, localities, institutions and contexts. As they do so, they have to be translated, in a literal sense, but also in a substantive and cultural sense, in order to become meaningful. During this process of translation, human rights norms are often - consciously or unconsciously - transformed.
These transformations have the capacity to shape the meaning and potential impact of human rights. If human rights norms are too formalized and professionalized, they are probably too remote from those who need their protection. At the same time, the transformations that happen during the translation process are often not neutral, and may reflect global asymmetries between ‘centres’ and ‘peripheries’.
But there is a difference between the processes of translation that takes place within the largely bureaucratic, and sometimes stodgy, international human rights institutions and the translations and transformations of human rights norms happening on an everyday basis in localities far away from these ‘centres’. Therefore, it is important to understand the many ways in which various kinds of rights users in various places are actively shaping - and sometimes initiating - these translation and transformation processes as agents.
This chapter presents the travel, translation and transformation of human rights as a multi-directional, multi-faceted and complex process in which various meanings coexist, intersect and become mutually constitutive. It gives an overview of the existing literature on this topic and supplements this overview with empirical insights from various recent case studies
Using the human rights framework as a mobilizing tool : the case of indigenous women’s movements in post-conflict Guatemala
No full textUnderstanding the Unforeseen Consequences of an Incomplete Transitional Justice Ecology in the Philippines
Get PDFThe Philippines is not typically the focus of transitional justice (TJ) scholarship. Yet, it has had to deal with violent legacies pertaining to each generation of TJ and has installed several TJ initiatives in response to this. This has given rise to a densely populated TJ landscape, spanning different periods and regions and including both formal and informal initiatives within various TJ pillars. In spite of this plethora of initiatives, the Philippines can hardly be called a ‘successful’ case of dealing with violent legacies – with the recent election of Bongbong Marcos as the most striking example thereof. In this article I argue that this can be understood in light of the absence of a genuine TJ ecology : there has not been an encompassing approach in which various kinds of initiatives interact with each other based on intersecting normative objectives. I argue that the case of the Philippines holds broader lessons regarding the importance of a more ecological understanding of TJ
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