169 research outputs found
K.M. Bykov and transfer between the hemispheres
No full textExperiments in the laboratory of Roger Sperry showed that section of the corpus callosum blocks the normally strong transfer of information between the two hemispheres of the brain. In some of the papers from Sperry's lab, work by Bykov in Pavlov's lab was cited, since he appeared to have found similar results earlier. At the time, the only source on Bykov's experiment that was easily available was an abstract in a German journal. Although Bykov was the author of the paper, he did not write the abstract. The author of the abstract was Mark Serejski. Recently we obtained a copy of Bykov's original article in Russian, and arranged for it to be translated into English. The full article makes it clear that the abstract was somewhat misleading both in the methods and the results of Bykov's study. Here we present an English translations of Bykov's paper and the Serejski abstract, along with comments on the discrepancies between the two
Contos de ferrovias de Dmítri Bykov: tradução e intertexto
No full textAo falarmos de literatura russa contemporânea adentramos em um universo ainda pouco explorado no Brasil. Em relação aos autores mais recentes, pouquíssimos foram traduzidos, publicados ou comentados em português. Dmítri Bykov é um desses autores russos contemporâneos inéditos nas pesquisas brasileiras. Bastante múltiplo, é considerado por críticos como pós-modernista mainstream. Este artigo busca, então, ao apresentá-lo e expor algumas características da obra Contos de ferrovias (ЖД-Рассказы, 2007), investigar quais mecanismos e teorias de tradução podem levar o leitor brasileiro à compreensão não só do texto literário em si, mas do intertexto imanente e contexto da Rússia atual.When we speak of contemporary Russian literature, we enter in a still little explored universe in Brazil. Regarding more recent authors, very few have been translated, published or commented in Brazilian Portuguese. In Brazilian research, Dmitry Bykov is one of those unpublished contemporary Russian authors. Quite multiple, the author is considered by critics as a mainstream postmodernist author. This article aims, therefore, at presenting him and explaining certain characteristics of the work ЖД-Рассказы (2007), to investigate which mechanisms and translation theories can lead Brazilian readers to understand not only the literary text itself, but the immanent intertext and context of the current Russia
Railways stories by Dmitry Bykov: a descriptive study about translation and intertext
No full textEste trabalho apresenta a tradução direta do russo e inédita no Brasil de quatro contos selecionados de Contos de ferrovias (JD-rasskazy), do autor russo contemporâneo Dmítri Býkov. Nele, Almôndegas \"tolstoístas\", Assassinato no expresso do Oriente, O condutor e Instruções são tratados sob o ponto de vista dos estudos descritivos da tradução em uma tentativa de dissecar os procedimentos e dificuldades do ato tradutório. Além disso, como desdobramento do comentário acerca da tradução, há uma análise dos mecanismos intertextuais e os efeitos destes no estilo autoral baseada na semiótica da cultura de Iúri Lótman. Por fim, a última parte desta dissertação analisa o modo como Dmítri Býkov usa o tema da ferrovia, a um só tempo acompanhando e transfigurando a tradição literária de seu país.This dissertation presents in Brazil the unprecedent translation, direct from Russian, of four selected stories of Railways stories (JD-rasskazy), by the contemporary russian author Dmitry Bykov. In this work, Almôndegas tolstoístas, Assassinato no expresso do Oriente, O condutor e Instruções are treated from the point of Descriptive Translation Studies in an attempt to analyse the translation acts procedures and difficulties. In addition, as an unfolding commentary on translation, there is an analysis of intertextual mechanisms and its effects on authors style, based on Yuri Lotman and his semiotic of culture. Finally, the last part of this dissertation explains the way Dmitry Bykov uses the railway theme, at the same time acompanying and transfiguring the literary tradition of his country
Synthesis of FeN₄ at 180 GPa and its crystal structure from a submicron-sized grain
No full textIron tetranitride, FeN4, was synthesized from the elements in a laser-heated diamond anvil cell at 180 (5) GPa and 2700 (200) K. Its crystal structure was determined based on single-crystal X-ray diffraction data collected from a submicron-sized grain at the synchrotron beamline ID11 of ESRF. The compound crystallizes in the triclinic space group P\overline{1}. In the asymmetric unit, the Fe atom occupies an inversion centre (Wyckoff position 1d), while two N atoms occupy general positions (2i). The structure is made up from edge-sharing [FeN6] octahedra forming chains along [100] and being interconnected through N—N bridges. N atoms form catena-poly[tetraz-1-ene-1,4-diyl] anions [–N=N—N—N–]∞2− running along [001]. In comparison with the previously reported structure of FeN4 at 135 GPa [Bykov et al. (2018). Nat. Commun. 9, 2756], the crystal structure of FeN4 at 180 GPa is similar but the structural model is significantly improved in terms of the precision of the bond lengths and angles
The Archetype of the Motherland in Modern Political Discourse (Aleksandr Prokhanov vs Dmitry Bykov)
No full textThe article was submitted on 22.09.2018.This article analyses the transformation of the archetype of the Motherland in opposed mytho-political systems and political discourses of contemporary Russia. It does so with reference to journalistic speeches and articles by Aleksandr Prokhanov and Dmitry Bykov (and satirical poems by the latter). The article demonstrates that the political opponents legitimise/delegitimise and sacralise/desacralise power by choosing a certain aspect of the archetype of the Motherland and reviving the mythology of hierogamy by projecting the archetype of the Father Tsar onto the current political leader. Another effective method of creating the image of Russia and interpreting events is the metaphor of family and gender, which both the writer and the poet use skillfully. The article aims to identify the aspects of the Motherland archetype and to understand the peculiarities characterising the usage of political metaphors for creating the image of the Motherland and their place in the mytho-political systems, relying on methods of mythopoetic and cognitive analysis. The author concludes that in the satirical poems and journalistic speeches of the opposition member Dmitry Bykov, the Motherland is a mother abandoning her children, an alcoholic mother, a mother devouring its children – an Antimother. Of all the gender and family metaphors related to the image of Russia, Bykov chooses antenatal and anticreative metaphors, emphasising, whenever possible, his own masculinity (on the principle of the masculinisation of his own self/his people). However, in the articles and speeches of the conservative Alexander Prokhanov from the early 2000s, the author observes a sacralisation of the Motherland, with the writer emphasising the positive and bright side of the holy image (Holy Russia). However, in his recent journalistic writings, there is a marked preference for the archetype of the Father Tsar, sacralisation of the authorities. and the worship of the state; he uses gender metaphors with a tendency for the masculinisation of one’s own people and the feminisation of others.Трансформация архетипа Родины-матери в полярных мифополитических системах и политических дискурсах современной России рассматривается на материале публицистических выступлений, статей А. Проханова и Д. Быкова и сатирической поэзии последнего. Показано, что, выбирая тот или иной аспект архетипа Родины-матери и актуализируя мифологию иерогамии (священного брака Правителя и Земли) через проекцию архетипа батюшки-царя на действующего политического лидера, политические оппоненты власть легимизируют/делигитимизируют, сакрализируют/десакрализируют. Еще одним действенным способом создания образа России и интерпретации событий, происходящих в жизни общества, является гендерная и семейная метафора, которой писатель и поэт владеют в совершенстве. Цель исследования – выявить аспекты архетипа Родины-матери, актуальные для двух крайних полюсов политического дискурса современной России, уяснить специфику использования политических метафор для создания образа Родины-матери и их место в мифополитических системах. Используются методы мифопоэтического и когнитивного анализа. Автор приходит к выводу, что в сатирических стихотворениях и публицистических выступлениях оппозиционера Д. Быкова Родина-мать превращается в мать, бросающую своих детей, мать-пьяницу, мать, пожирающую своих детей, – антимать. Из всех гендерных и семейных метафор, связанных с образом России, Д. Быков выбирает метафоры антинатальные, антикреативные, подчеркивая, когда это возможно, собственную маскулинность (по принципу маскулинизации «своих»/«себя»). В статьях и выступлениях консерватора А. Проханова начала 2000-х гг. наблюдалась сакрализация Родины-матери, акцент ставился на позитивной, светлой стороне этого святого образа (Святая Русь). Однако в его публицистике последних лет заметны предпочтение архетипа батюшки-царя, сакрализация власти и обожествление государства, использование гендерных метафор с тенденцией к маскулинизации «своих» и феминизации «чужих»
Coupled thermo–hydro–mechanical processes for the Dutch radioactive waste repository
No full textDisposal of spent nuclear fuel and long lived radioactive waste in deep clay geological formations is one of the promising options worldwide. In this concept of the geological disposal system, the Boom Clay is considered as a potential host rock when designing a generic waste repository in the Netherlands. For design and evaluation of a repository for geologic disposal of nuclear wastes one of its principal concern is the thermal loading. High-level radioactive waste and spent fuel generate considerable amounts of heat. When those waste types are disposed in a geological repository the elevated thermal effect on the behaviour of soils surrounding nuclear waste disposal give rise to change in hydraulic and mechanical properties is a significant factor for repository design. Understanding these time-dependent phenomena processes in relation to both the effects of pore water dissipation and of the thermal expansion is essential for reliably assessing repository performance and evaluating the safety case. This paper presents some of the investigation on the thermal processes with emphasis on the coupled Thermo-Hydro- Mechanical (THM) processes for the disposal concept of a radioactive waste disposal facility, in Boom Clay at a depth of about 500m.Geo-engineerin
Probabilistic performance assessment of a deep tunnel for a radioactive waste repository in French COx claystone
No full textA preliminary probabilistic study of the stability of a circular drift excavated for a radioactive waste repository in the French Callovo-Oxfordian claystone is presented and discussed. An analytical mechanical model assuming isotropic elastic behaviour and linear plastic softening was used. Particular emphasis here is placed on the uncertainty of mechanical property values. The test results from several laboratories showed considerably variable property values and they have been interpreted statistically in this investigation. The obtained statistical results were used in a Monte Carlo framework. The performance of the drift was evaluated in terms of the probability of threshold exceedance in the extent of the plastic zone.Geo-engineerin
Front Cover: Chemical Stability of FeOOH at High Pressure and Temperature, and Oxygen Recycling in Early Earth History (Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. 30/2021)
No full textThe Front Cover shows a possible deep oxygen cycle in early Earth. FeOOH (“rust”), produced by anoxygenic photosynthesis and accumulated on the ocean floor, was transferred to the lower mantle by subducting slabs. At high pressures and temperatures, FeOOH decomposes into a mixture of complex iron oxides, water, and oxygen. Oxidizing fluids rising to the Earth′s surface could then possibly contribute to (or even be one of the main causes of) the Great Oxidation Event about 2.5 billion years ago. Image credits: Egor Koemets, Timofey Fedotenko, Leonid Dubrovinsky (Bayreuth University). More information can be found in the Full Paper by E. Koemets and co-workers
Integrable properties of σ-models with non-symmetric target spaces
No full textAbstractIt is well known that σ-models with symmetric target spaces are classically integrable. With the example of the model with target space the flag manifold U(3)U(1)3 – a non-symmetric space – we show that the introduction of torsion allows to cast the equations of motion in the form of a zero-curvature condition for a one-parameter family of connections, which can be a sign of integrability of the theory. We also elaborate on geometric aspects of the proposed model
Complex structures and zero-curvature equations for σ-models
No full textAbstractWe construct zero-curvature representations for the equations of motion of a class of σ-models with complex homogeneous target spaces, not necessarily symmetric. We show that in the symmetric case the proposed flat connection is gauge-equivalent to the conventional one
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