306,869 research outputs found
Gap junctions, dendrites and resonances : a recipe for tuning network dynamics
No full textGap junctions, also referred to as electrical synapses, are expressed along the entire central nervous system and are important in mediating various brain rhythms in both normal and pathological states. These connections can form between the dendritic trees of individual cells. Many dendrites express membrane channels that confer on them a form of sub-threshold resonant dynamics. To obtain insight into the modulatory role of gap junctions in tuning networks of resonant dendritic trees, we generalise the “sum-over-trips” formalism for calculating the response function of a single branching dendrite to a gap junctionally coupled network. Each cell in the network is modelled by a soma connected to an arbitrary structure of dendrites with resonant membrane. The network is treated as a single extended tree structure with dendro-dendritic gap junction coupling. We present the generalised “sum-over-trips” rules for constructing the network response function in terms of a set of coefficients defined at special branching, somatic and gap-junctional nodes. Applying this framework to a two-cell network, we construct compact closed form solutions for the network response function in the Laplace (frequency) domain and study how a preferred frequency in each soma depends on the location and strength of the gap junction
Computational convergence of the path integral for real dendritic morphologies
No full textNeurons are characterised by a morphological structure unique amongst biological cells, the core of which is the dendritic tree. The vast number of dendritic geometries, combined with heterogeneous properties of the cell membrane, continue to challenge scientists in predicting neuronal input-output relationships, even in the case of sub-threshold dendritic currents. The Green’s function obtained for a given dendritic geometry provides this functional relationship for passive or quasi-active dendrites and can be constructed by a sum-over-trips approach based on a path integral formalism. In this paper, we introduce a number of efficient algorithms for realisation of the sum-over-trips framework and investigate the convergence of these algorithms on different dendritic geometries. We demonstrate that the convergence of the trip sampling methods strongly depends on dendritic morphology as well as the biophysical properties of the cell membrane. For real morphologies, the number of trips to guarantee a small convergence error might become very large and strongly affect computational efficiency. As an alternative, we introduce a highly-efficient matrix method which can be applied to arbitrary branching structures
funkdigen
No full textA generator of functional digraphs up to isomorphism
Based on Antonio E. Porreca, Ekaterina Timofeeva, Polynomial-delay generation of functional digraphs up to isomorphism, arXiv:2302.13832, 2023, https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2302.13832
usage: funkdigen.py [-h] [-c] [-t] size
Generate all functional digraphs up to isomorphism
positional arguments:
size number of vertices
options:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
-c, --connected, --component
only generate components (connected digraphs)
-t, --time measure time without printing the generated digraph
Effect of some inhibitors on the passivation of galvanized rebars embedded in concrete
No full textL’uso di barre d’acciaio zincate a caldo è uno dei metodi più comuni per prevenire il deterioramento delle strutture in calcestruzzo armato. La corrosione attiva dello zinco, che avviene subito dopo l’immersione dell’acciaio galvanizzato nel calcestruzzo, è accompagnata dallo sviluppo di idrogeno, che causa la perdita di adesione tra il rivestimento di zinco e la pasta di cemento non ancora indurita. I composti di cromo VI sono forti ossidanti naturalmente presenti nei cementi che riducono il tempo della passivazione e la quantità d’idrogeno sviluppato. La Direttiva 2003/53/ CE obbliga a mantenere il contenuto di cromo VI idrosolubile nel cemento al di sotto di 2 ppm sul peso totale a secco del cemento. Gli obiettivi di questo lavoro sono stati: trovare un sostituto per i composti di cromo VI attraverso lo studio del meccanismo di passivazione dell'acciaio zincato nel calcestruzzo in presenza di cromo VI e confrontare diversi ossidanti generici per la loro efficacia come inibitori di corrosione dello zinco. E’ stato inoltre studiato L'effetto dell’ossigeno sulla passivazione dello zinco. L'indagine è stata effettuata nel calcestruzzo e in soluzione satura di idrossido di calcio, mediante misure del potenziale di corrosione, della densità di corrente di corrosione e prove di impedenza. Per studiare gli strati di passivazione sono state utilizzate la microscopia SEM-EDX e la diffrattometria a raggi X. I risultati ottenuti indicano che la passivazione dell’acciaio zincato nel calcestruzzo in presenza di cromati avviene in più fasi con meccanismi diversi e che la presenza di ossigeno disciolto è importante per accelerare la passivazione. Tra gli ossidanti generici studiati, il nitrito sembra l’inibitore più promettente, sia nel calcestruzzo che in soluzione satura di idrossido di calcio. Gli sviluppi futuri si concentreranno sullo studio approfondito dell'effetto dei nitriti e sull'ulteriore ricerca di inibitori di corrosione a basso impatto ambientale
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Editorial for special issue on neurodynamics
No full text“Neurodynamics” is an interdisciplinary area of mathematics where dynamical systems theory (deterministic and stochastic) is the primary tool for elucidating the fundamental mechanisms responsible for the behaviour of neural systems (whether biological or synthetic). A meeting on this topic was held at the International Centre for Mathematical Sciences in Edinburgh from March 5–7 in 2012. In this special issue, we have invited seven of the main contributors to this event to expand on their presentations and highlight the use of mathematics in understanding the dynamics of neural systems
Author, publisher and bookseller : a tripartite synergy in Nigerian book industry
No full textThis work is about the roles of Author, Publisher and Bookseller in Book development in
Nigeria. The paper started by delving into the history of Book Publishing in Nigeria after
which it proceeded by defining who an author, a publisher, and a bookseller is and
expatiated on the indispensable roles of these key actors in Nigerian Book Industry and in
the emerging Information Society. Furthermore, the various constraints to book
development were identified while the paper advised on how the Book Industry can be
further promoted in Nigeria. However, the paper concluded and made recommendations
on how the Book sector can help in enhancing scholarship in the country
[Report to Chief J. E. Curry, by an unknown author #2]
No full textReport to Chief J. E. Curry, by an unknown author. The report contains a list of officers who gave depositions to the United States Attorney
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