442 research outputs found
The civil position of Alexandru V. Boldur
No full textThe article is devoted to the civil position of the Bessarabian historian Alexandru Boldur in certain life circumstances. The author on the basis of archival materials presents and analyzes a concrete example - two appeals, the first to the Bucharest authorities through the newspaper "Romany Libera", and the second on the occasion of the obituary dedicated to the historian Alexander Gonts. This is a convincing evidence of the personality of a man who was distinguished by courage and perseverance, such as Alexandru Boldur
ON THE MOLECULAR STRUCTURE OF THE CO-AUTHOR NETWORK OF ALEXANDRU T. BALABAN
No full textScientometric networks based on the bibliography of Professor Alexandru T. Balaban are analyzed. His position in the topological index research community and the structure of his own co-author network are considered. An analogy is suggested between coauthor networks and molecular structures.</p
Alexandru Busuioceanu in Spain: poet and teacher
No full textRomanian author, Alexandru Busuioceanu (1896-1961), had a long trajectory as poet, art historian and essayist in Romanian language when he was appointed cultural counselor in Madrid in 1942. The present article proposes an overview of his professional and literary trajectory in Spain, and also an account of the perception that the critics of this country had of him
Metropolitan Alexandru Sterca-Şuluţiu in the National Movement
No full textThis study examines the activities of the Romanian Greek Catholic (Uniate) Metropolitan (Archbishop) of Blaj, Alexandru Sterca-Şuluţiu in support of the Romanian national movement in the Habsburg province of Transylvania between 1860 and 1865. His colleague, the Orthodox Bishop Andrei Şaguna, is the better known Transylvanian Romanian leader in this story, but Sterca-Şuluţiu made a unique contribution through his combative style that reflects his social origin as a member of the minor nobility of Transylvania's western mountain region
Alexandru Busuioceanu en España: poeta y profesor
No full textRomanian author, Alexandru Busuioceanu (1896-1961), had a long trajectory as poet, art historian and essayist in Romanian language when he was appointed cultural counselor in Madrid in 1942. The present article proposes an overview of his professional and literary trajectory in Spain, and also an account of the perception that the critics of this country had of him.El escritor rumano, Alexandru Busuioceanu (1896-1961), tras una larga trayectoria como poeta, historiador del arte y ensayista en lengua rumana, es nombrado consejero cultural en Madrid en 1942. Este artículo pretende hacer un repaso de su trayectoria profesional y literaria en España, así como dar cuenta de la percepción que de él tenía la crítica de este país
ABOUT OTHER KIND OF PRODUCTIVITY AND GROWTH (HOMO-SAPIENS TO HOMO-OECONOMICUS)
No full textPart of a larger research, this paper ranges among the matter of ideas confrontation concerning the causes of the economic crises and those keys to be passed. Paper aims at finding and praising the defining elements of our economy, in the purpose of better understanding the nowadays crisis, and at presenting certain conceptually different approaches. In this purpose, analytical presentations are focussed on the specific realities of the economic life that are in position in the last centuries, which are considered to be favouring the arriving to the critical states in the last years and to be promoting those maintaining, or which allow explaining certain effects and tendencies. The approach is made from the angle of the nature of the productivity that is had in view and highlighted in the market regulating mechanisms, and of the due growth. The paper is grounded on important analysis on the matter (including anterior researches of the author), but their dimensions does not allow their presentation in the abstract. Analysis starts from interpreting the very nowadays crisis, from different sites concerning the core (general) causes, by correlating with certain features of the industrialized consuming society. More recent references are made in the literature on the matter. Modern western economy is defined from the angle of focussing on material-quantitative productivity and growth. Analysis tries to explain certain effects concerning this kind of focus. Interesting effects and tendencies are noticed, that miss to the traditional approaches. Further on an opposed theoretic model is discussed. This is built and developed inside the service economy (on the case of two conceptually similar approaches, came from two different sources of economic thought in the field; original contributions of the author are involved). Adequately to the knowledge society, this last one is considered more favourable for homo sapiens, at least once the visible effects of the last two hundred years model are revealed, which are dominated by homo oeconomicus. This reference model being set up, a short foray is intuitively made in the perspectives of humanity on long run and on very long time, in the supposed maintain of the present economic model. In all those presentations and analyses, connections are made with other papers on the matter, in the purpose of more profound study. The conclusions concern the practical possibility of the model opposed to the industrialist economic crisis. The details highlighted from the analysis of the conceptual comparison between models and prospections bring, in the final, at proposing solutions, grounded on fundamental requirements on the line of humanityâ€(tm)s values, with didactic addressing to the young generation. The elements of contribution of the author are underlined in the presented matter.productivity, modern growth, economic crisis, knowledge society, service economy
AN E-BROKERAGE APPROACH BASED ON MULTI-AGENT TECHNOLOGY
No full textIn this paper the author shows the importance of multi-agent system in the e-commerce domain, specially for brokerage. He also propose an agent-based architecture for brokerage and a structure for the intelligent broker. The structure may be seen like a multi-agent system, having intelligent agents that are doing specific tasks for brokerage activity. In the end, conclusions reveal some aspects that may be start points for future researches.E-commerce, intelligent agent, brokerage, multi-agent systems.
Review for the volume “Criticism of ethical and philosophical grounds of national-socialism”, authored by Antoniu Alexandru Flandorfer, Eikon Publishing House, 2016
No full textA unique critique of national-socialism starting from its ethical dimension, and the social philosophy which underlied its emergence, its carried out with a special argumentative elegance and interpretative being by Antoniu Alexandru Flandorfer, the author from Suceava, in the volume Criticism of ethical-philosophical grounds of national-socialism, published by Eikon Publishing House in Bucharest.</jats:p
INCESSANT TRANSITIONS BETWEEN ACTIVE AND SILENT STATES IN CORTICO-THALAMIC CIRCUITS AND ALTERED NEURONAL EXCITABILITY LEAD TO EPILEPSY
No full textLa ligne directrice de nos expériences a été l'hypothèse que l'apparition et/ou la persistance des fluctuations de longue durée entre les états silencieux et actifs dans les réseaux néocorticaux et une excitabilité neuronale modifiée sont les facteurs principaux de l'épileptogenèse, menant aux crises d’épilepsie avec expression comportementale.
Nous avons testé cette hypothèse dans deux modèles expérimentaux différents. La déafférentation corticale chronique a essayé de répliquer la déafférentation physiologique du neocortex observée pendant le sommeil à ondes lentes. Dans ces conditions, caractérisées par une diminution de la pression synaptique et par une incidence augmentée de périodes silencieuses dans le système cortico-thalamique, le processus de plasticité homéostatique augmente l’excitabilité neuronale. Par conséquent, le cortex a oscillé entre des périodes actives et silencieuses et, également, a développé des activités hyper-synchrones, s'étendant de l’hyperexcitabilité cellulaire à l'épileptogenèse focale et à des crises épileptiques généralisées.
Le modèle de stimulation sous-liminale chronique (« kindling ») du cortex cérébral a été employé afin d'imposer au réseau cortical une charge synaptique supérieure à celle existante pendant les états actifs naturels - état de veille ou sommeil paradoxal (REM). Dans ces conditions un mécanisme différent de plasticité qui s’est exprimé dans le système thalamo-corticale a imposé pour des longues périodes de temps des oscillations continuelles entre les époques actives et silencieuses, que nous avons appelées des activités paroxysmiques persistantes.
Indépendamment du mécanisme sous-jacent de l'épileptogenèse les crises d’épilepsie ont montré certaines caractéristiques similaires : une altération dans l’excitabilité neuronale mise en évidence par une incidence accrue des décharges neuronales de type bouffée, une tendance constante vers la généralisation, une propagation de plus en plus rapide, une synchronie augmentée au cours du temps, et une modulation par les états de vigilance (facilitation pendant le sommeil à ondes lentes et barrage pendant le sommeil REM).
Les états silencieux, hyper-polarisés, de neurones corticaux favorisent l'apparition des bouffées de potentiels d’action en réponse aux événements synaptiques, et l'influence post-synaptique d'une bouffée de potentiels d’action est beaucoup plus importante par rapport à l’impacte d’un seul potentiel d’action. Nous avons également apporté des évidences que les neurones néocorticaux de type FRB sont capables à répondre avec des bouffées de potentiels d’action pendant les phases hyper-polarisées de l'oscillation lente, propriété qui peut jouer un rôle très important dans l’analyse de l’information dans le cerveau normal et dans l'épileptogenèse. Finalement, nous avons rapporté un troisième mécanisme de plasticité dans les réseaux corticaux après les crises d’épilepsie - une diminution d’amplitude des potentiels post-synaptiques excitatrices évoquées par la stimulation corticale après les crises - qui peut être un des facteurs responsables des déficits comportementaux observés chez les patients épileptiques.
Nous concluons que la transition incessante entre des états actifs et silencieux dans les circuits cortico-thalamiques induits par disfacilitation (sommeil à ondes lentes), déafférentation corticale (épisodes ictales à 4-Hz) ou par une stimulation sous-liminale chronique (activités paroxysmiques persistantes) crée des circonstances favorables pour le développement de l'épileptogenèse. En plus, l'augmentation de l’incidence des bouffées de potentiels d’actions induisant une excitation post-synaptique anormalement forte, change l'équilibre entre l'excitation et l'inhibition vers une supra-excitation menant a l’apparition des crises d’épilepsie.The guiding line in our experiments was the hypothesis that the occurrence and / or the persistence of long-lasting fluctuations between silent and active states in the neocortical networks, together with a modified neuronal excitability are the key factors of epileptogenesis, leading to behavioral seizures.
We addressed this hypothesis in two different experimental models. The chronic cortical deafferentation replicated the physiological deafferentation of the neocortex observed during slow-wave sleep (SWS). Under these conditions of decreased synaptic input and increased incidence of silent periods in the corticothalamic system the process of homeostatic plasticity up-regulated cortical cellular and network mechanisms and leaded to an increased excitability. Therefore, the deafferented cortex was able to oscillate between active and silent epochs for long periods of time and, furthermore, to develop highly synchronized activities, ranging from cellular hyperexcitability to focal epileptogenesis and generalized seizures.
The kindling model was used in order to impose to the cortical network a synaptic drive superior to the one naturally occurring during the active states - wake or rapid eye movements (REM) sleep. Under these conditions a different plasticity mechanism occurring in the thalamo-cortical system imposed long-lasting oscillatory pattern between active and silent epochs, which we called outlasting activities.
Independently of the mechanism of epileptogenesis seizures showed some analogous characteristics: alteration of the neuronal firing pattern with increased bursts probability, a constant tendency toward generalization, faster propagation and increased synchrony over the time, and modulation by the state of vigilance (overt during SWS and completely abolished during REM sleep).
Silent, hyperpolarized, states of cortical neurons favor the induction of burst firing in response to depolarizing inputs, and the postsynaptic influence of a burst is much stronger as compared to a single spike. Furthermore, we brought evidences that a particular type of neocortical neurons - fast rhythmic bursting (FRB) class - is capable to consistently respond with bursts during the hyperpolarized phase of the slow oscillation, fact that may play a very important role in both normal brain processing and in epileptogenesis. Finally, we reported a third plastic mechanism in the cortical network following seizures - a decreasing amplitude of cortically evoked excitatory post-synaptic potentials (EPSP) following seizures - which may be one of the factors responsible for the behavioral deficits observed in patients with epilepsy.
We conclude that incessant transitions between active and silent states in cortico-thalamic circuits induced either by disfacilitation (sleep), cortical deafferentation (4-Hz ictal episodes) and by kindling (outlasting activities) create favorable circumstances for epileptogenesis. The increase in burst-firing, which further induce abnormally strong postsynaptic excitation, shifts the balance of excitation and inhibition toward overexcitation leading to the onset of seizures
Quantifier la sécheresse. Durée, intensité, fréquence
No full textDrought quantification: duration, intensity, frequency. Using data from seven meteorological stations and 27 rainfall gauges from the eastern part of Romania (Tutova Hills), the present paper desires to evidence more clearly the real significance of drought phenomena by a methodological approach. This was done with the help of some distinct expressions, resulted from the processing of monthly and daily values of the climatic parameters: rainfall decimal logarithm index, equivalent drought and the synthetic index of drought intensity, rainfall anomaly index, Palfai aridity index, Walter-Lieth climogram. Using the rainfall monthly values, the author propose two index, one for drought assessment (Rainfall Decimal Logarithm Index), the other with a climatic significance (continentalism index). The most exact expression is based on the daily values of the rainfalls (equivalent drought and synthetic index of drought intensity). Equivalent drought shows the length of the interval lacking precipitations, characterized by similar consequences in different temperature conditions, and it was computed by reporting water consumption (evapotranspiration) according to a series of elements standard considered. The synthetic index of drought intensity (severity) has been proposed taking into consideration both the length of the drought interval as well as its mean temperature (practically expressing water consumption), to which is added and the sum of precipitations from a previous interval (to approximate the easily and directly accessible crop water reserves)
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