1,721,111 research outputs found
Comentario a Tim Josling
Get PDFTim Josling presenta eficazmente una “primera ronda” de investigación sobre la agricultura bajo el TLC en un consenso cuidadosamente optimista. Éste es un logro en sí, dado lo poco que se sabe acerca de los objetivos de los negociadores y las diversas metodologías de estos estudios. Un importante punto de acuerdo es que la integración agrícola regional ofrece grandes ganancias potenciales para Estados Unidos y para México, quizá las mayores de cualquier grupo industrial. Estados Unidos y Canadá exportarán más grano y productos ganaderos, mientras que México producirá más frutas y legumbres. Esta expansión es particularmente importante para México, ya que estas cosechas emplean por lo menos el doble de mano de obra por acre que las cosechas de grano. El segundo punto de consenso es que, pese a las grandes ganancias potenciales, existen riesgos importantes en la transición. La mejor manera de evitar estos riesgos, se argumenta, es proceder despacio, con reducción en fases de las barreras comerciales, tanto en cosechas de granos como hortícolas.
William Coleman, Wyn Grant and Tim Josling, Agriculture in the New Global Economy. Cheltenham, Edward Elgar, 2004
No full textPetit Michel. William Coleman, Wyn Grant and Tim Josling, Agriculture in the New Global Economy. Cheltenham, Edward Elgar, 2004. In: Cahiers d'Economie et sociologie rurales, N°74, 1er trimestre 2005. Normes et marchés : le cas de la viande (XVIIIe-XXe siècles) pp. 139-141
The EU's Common Agricultural Policy at Fifty: An outside view
No full textTim Josling and Kym Anderso
BIOECONOMIC MODELLING OF ENDANGERED SPECIES CONSERVATION
Get PDFResource /Energy Economics and Policy,
NAFTA AND DOMESTIC AGRICULTURAL POLICY REFORM: OBSERVATIONS FROM CANADA
Get PDFAgricultural and Food Policy, International Relations/Trade,
Japan: Shadow WTO Agricultural Domestic Support Notifications
Get PDF"The purpose of this paper is to provide a comprehensive review of Japan's agricultural domestic policy since 1995 in the context of the current international negotiations in the WTO Doha Round, which has as one aim further reductions of trade-distorting support among member countries. An overwhelming majority of farmers in Japan own small plots of rice paddy fields and earn their living mainly on their off-farm income. They go out into rice paddy fields in their spare time as a subsidiary business. Traditional small farming communities are powerful voting groups that seek to maintain their political power. By exerting political pressures on the authorities, farmers can obtain large returns through the manipulation of farmland use regulations, even though such manipulation causes social harm by preventing efficient land use. These inefficiencies in land use are a major reason why Japan is the only country whose food self-sufficiency rate keeps declining in spite of its heavy agricultural protection. In this sense, Japan is in sharp contrast to European and North American countries, where heavy agricultural domestic supports have resulted in an increased output of agricultural commodities and subsequent distortions in international markets. Apparently, Japan's attitude towards agricultural domestic policy reform is one of compliance with the WTO, which requests member countries to reduce their Aggregate Measure of Support (AMS) through trimming trade-distorting (amber box) support and/or transforming traditional-type agricultural subsidies to decoupled-type ones. Japan reduced its amber box support by nearly 80 percent between 1995 and 2000. This drastic reduction is mainly attributable to Japan's removal of rice from the amber box in 1998. In addition, following the WTO's principle of decoupling, Japan launched an extensive agricultural subsidy reform in 2007. This paper, however, shows the ironical realities of Japanese agricultural policy. Neither a sharp reduction of amber box support nor Japan's 2007 reform necessarily mean there will be a reduction of trade-distorting effects. On the contrary, the 2007 reform may in fact stimulate domestic rice production. In 2007, Japan's AMS is as little as 18 percent of its commitment level from the Uruguay Round WTO agreements. In addition, this paper projects that Japan's overall trade-distorting support (OTDS) for 2013 will be 469 billion yen, which is much less than the limit of 1,635 billion yen that is proposed in the modalities under discussion in July 2008 for the WTO Doha Round. Thus, the WTO Doha Round negotiations on domestic support policy are unlikely to restrict Japan's domestic agricultural support policy." from authors' abstractJapan's agricultural support, WTO Doha Round, WTO compliance, Notification of domestic support, trade,
Agricultural Trade Liberalization: Implications for Productive Factors in the U.S.
Get PDFThis report presents preliminary results of impacts on factors of production in the United States, following reductions in assistance to agriculture. Analysis was conducted by modifying the production structure of the U.S. country model in SWOPSIM to explicitly include inputs employed by agriculture. The results indicate that it is important to adequately model the production technology and include inputs, otherwise simulation results may not capture the impact of liberalization on input use and may not adequately represent changes in producer income.International Relations/Trade,
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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