652 research outputs found
Finding the Skeleton of a Brick
No full textTC-SKELETONs duty is to help find the dimensions of brick shaped objects by searching for sets of three complete edges, one for each dimension. The program was originally written by Patrick Winston, and then was refined and improved by Tim Finin
Workshop on the Evaluation of Natural Language Processing Systems
No full textIn the past few years, the computational linguistics research community has begun to wrestle with the problem of how to evaluate its progress in developing natural language processing systems. With the exception of natural language interfaces there are few working systems in existence, and they tend to focus on very different tasks using equally different techniques. There has been little agreement in the field about training sets and test sets, or about clearly defined subsets of problems that constitute standards for different levels of performance. Even those groups that have attempted a measure of self-evaluation have often been reduced to discussing a system's performance in isolation - comparing its current performance to its previous performance rather than to another system. As this technology begins to move slowly into the marketplace, the lack of useful evaluation techniques is becoming more and more painfully obvious. Please send all correspondence to Tim Finin, CAIT, Unis..
An Overview of KQML: A Knowledge Query and Manipulation Language
No full textWe describe a language and protocol intended to support interoperability among intelligent agents in a distributed application. Examples of applications envisioned include intelligent multi-agent design systems as well as intelligent planning, scheduling and replanning agents supporting distributed transportation planning and scheduling applications. The language, KQML for Knowledge Query and Manipulation Language, is part of a larger DARPA-sponsored Knowledge Sharing effort focused on developing techniques and tools to promote the sharing on knowledge in intelligent systems. e will define the concepts which underly KQML and attempt to specify its scope and provide a model for how it will be used. Please send comments to Tim Finin, Computer Science, University of Maryland, Baltimore MD 21228; [email protected]; 410-455-3522 or to Don Mckay, Paramax Systems Corporation, PO Box 517, Paoli PA 19301; [email protected]; 215-648-2256. This work is partly supported by DARPA and R..
The KERNEL text understanding system
No full textThis article describes KERNEL, a text understanding system developed at the Unisys Center for Advanced Information Technology. KERNEL's design is motivated by the need to make complex interactions possible among system modules, and to control the amount of reasoning done by those modules. We will explain how Kernel's architecture meets these needs, and how the architectures of similar systems compare in achieving the same goal. This work was partially supported by DARPA Contract N00014-85-C-0012. Paramax Systems Corporation is wholly owned by Unisys. ii m. palmer et. al. Contact Information Please address all correspondence to Tim Finin
Specification of the KQML Agent-Communication Language
No full textthis document send a message to [email protected]) Tim Finin (co-chair) University of Maryland Jay Weber (co-chair) Enterprise Integration Technologies Gio Wiederhold (former co-chair) Stanford University Michael Genesereth Stanford University Richard Fritzson Donald McKay Paramax Systems James McGuire Richard Pelavin Lockheed AI Center Stuart Shapiro SUNY Buffalo Chris Beck University of Toronto February 9, 1994 CONTENTS
Towards automated knowledge-based mapping between individual conceptualisations to empower personalisation of Geospatial Semantic Web
No full textGeospatial domain is characterised by vagueness, especially in the semantic disambiguation of the concepts in the domain, which makes defining universally accepted geo- ontology an onerous task. This is compounded by the lack of appropriate methods and techniques where the individual semantic conceptualisations can be captured and compared to each other. With multiple user conceptualisations, efforts towards a reliable Geospatial Semantic Web, therefore, require personalisation where user diversity can be incorporated. The work presented in this paper is part of our ongoing research on applying commonsense reasoning to elicit and maintain models that represent users' conceptualisations. Such user models will enable taking into account the users' perspective of the real world and will empower personalisation algorithms for the Semantic Web. Intelligent information processing over the Semantic Web can be achieved if different conceptualisations can be integrated in a semantic environment and mismatches between different conceptualisations can be outlined. In this paper, a formal approach for detecting mismatches between a user's and an expert's conceptual model is outlined. The formalisation is used as the basis to develop algorithms to compare models defined in OWL. The algorithms are illustrated in a geographical domain using concepts from the SPACE ontology developed as part of the SWEET suite of ontologies for the Semantic Web by NASA, and are evaluated by comparing test cases of possible user misconceptions
* Manuscript Kagal and Finin Journal of Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems pre-preprint draft 3/30/06, to appear 2006 Modeling Conversation Policies using Permissions and Obligations
No full textBoth conversation specifications and policies are required to facilitate effective agent communication. Specifications provide the order in which speech acts can occur in a meaningful conversation, whereas policies restrict the specifications that can be used in a certain conversation based on the sender, receiver, messages exchanged thus far, content, and other context. We propose that positive/negative permissions and obligations be used to model conversation specifications and policies. We also propose the use of ontologies to categorize speech acts such that high level policies can be defined without going into specifics of the speech acts. This approach is independent of the syntax and semantics of the communication language and can be used for different agent communication languages. Our policy based framework can help in agent communication in three ways (i) to filter inappropriate messages, (ii) to help an agent to decide which speech act to use next, and (iii) to prevent an agent from sending an inappropriate messages. Our work differs from most existing research on communication policies because it is not tightly coupled to any domain information such as the mental states of agents or specific communicative acts. Contributions of this work include (i) an extensible framework that is applicable to varied domain knowledge and different agent communication languages, and (ii) the declarative representation of conversation specifications and policies in terms of permitted and obligated speech acts.
Monitoramento de fontes de informação na internet: modelo multiagentes para suporte ao processo de inteligência competitiva
No full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de Produção.Este trabalho consiste da proposta de um modelo para uma arquitetura de agentes inteligentes para uso como ferramenta no processo de inteligência competitiva. O trabalho inicialmente explora os conceitos de competitividade e inteligência competitiva, chegando na necessidade de uma ferramenta de apoio ao processo na fase de coleta de informações, especialmente na Web. A base para o desenvolvimento deste trabalho é a proposta apresentada em tese de doutorado por Silva (2000). É realizado então uma revisão do tema de agentes inteligentes e técnicas de análise de textos. Após é desenvolvida a proposta do modelo, uma proposta teórica que explora principalmente as relações entre as necessidades de inteligência competitiva e as características que deve apresentar a arquitetura de agentes inteligentes
Attribute Based Encryption for Secure Access to Cloud Based EHR Systems
No full text© 2018 IEEE, M. Joshi, K. Joshi and T. Finin, "Attribute Based Encryption for Secure Access to Cloud Based EHR Systems," 2018 IEEE 11th International Conference on Cloud Computing (CLOUD), San Francisco, CA, USA, 2018, pp. 932-935., DOI: 10.1109/CLOUD.2018.00139Medical organizations find it challenging to adopt cloud-based electronic medical records services, due to the risk of data breaches and the resulting compromise of patient data. Existing authorization models follow a patient centric approach for EHR management where the responsibility of authorizing data access is handled at the patients' end. This however creates a significant overhead for the patient who has to authorize every access of their health record. This is not practical given the multiple personnel involved in providing care and that at times the patient may not be in a state to provide this authorization. Hence there is a need of developing a proper authorization delegation mechanism for safe, secure and easy cloud-based EHR management. We have developed a novel, centralized, attribute based authorization mechanism that uses Attribute Based Encryption (ABE) and allows for delegated secure access of patient records. This mechanism transfers the service management overhead from the patient to the medical organization and allows easy delegation of cloud-based EHR's access authority to the medical providers. In this paper, we describe this novel ABE approach as well as the prototype system that we have created to illustrate it.This research was supported by the Office of Naval Research under grants N00014-15-1-2228 and N00014-16-WX-01489. We thank Dr. Seung Geol Choi (USNA), Dr. Eliot Siegel (University of Maryland Medical Center) and members of the Ebiquity Research Group for their vital feedback.http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=8457907&isnumber=845776
Distributed human computation framework for linked data co-reference resolution
No full textDistributed Human Computation (DHC) is a technique used to solve computational problems by incorporating the collaborative effort of a large number of humans. It is also a solution to AI-complete problems such as natural language processing. The Semantic Web with its root in AI is envisioned to be a decentralised world-wide information space for sharing machine-readable data with minimal integration costs. There are many research problems in the Semantic Web that are considered as AI-complete problems. An example is co-reference resolution, which involves determining whether different URIs refer to the same entity. This is considered to be a significant hurdle to overcome in the realisation of large-scale Semantic Web applications. In this paper, we propose a framework for building a DHC system on top of the Linked Data Cloud to solve various computational problems. To demonstrate the concept, we are focusing on handling the co-reference resolution in the Semantic Web when integrating distributed datasets. The traditional way to solve this problem is to design machine-learning algorithms. However, they are often computationally expensive, error-prone and do not scale. We designed a DHC system named iamResearcher, which solves the scientific publication author identity co-reference problem when integrating distributed bibliographic datasets. In our system, we aggregated 6 million bibliographic data from various publication repositories. Users can sign up to the system to audit and align their own publications, thus solving the co-reference problem in a distributed manner. The aggregated results are published to the Linked Data Cloud
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