1,721,098 research outputs found
Internationalism and interventionism
No full textThis chapter argues that the spectre of imperial orders continues to haunt internationalism and has recently been resurrected with the increasing use, and expectation, of interventionism. It contemplates how the internationalist categories of 'pluralism' and 'solidarism' have conceived of the many dilemmas associated with the practice of intervention. Two different sets of reasons are usually offered for this practice - that liberal internationalists have enjoyed a significant power advantage, or, somewhat more sympathetically, that liberal internationalists are driven to intervene by moral purposes. The chapter concludes by showing how pluralism offers insights into how R2P, as a policy for guiding action in extreme cases of humanitarian catastrophe, could be decoupled from the moral vision of a world in which individual rights-based governance is the only acceptable comprehensive doctrine
Tasso and the Diplomatic Persona
No full textThe chapter casts light on Torquato Tasso’s Messaggiero (The Messenger) (1582), focusing on its political subject as discussed through an imaginary dialogue: the figure of the ambassador, the framework of his office, and its relation to power. Tasso’s dialogue features the nature of the ambassador as a figure incarnating his own ‘self’, while simultaneously representing his prince and acting on his own behalf in the specific political context of the ‘international’. Tasso rejects the concept of the ambassador as a mere executor of policy, which is a striking departure from the previous general conception of the ambassador. The paradoxical conclusion that emerges is that the messenger as ambassador is not a simple messenger. An analysis of Tasso’s text and its context is the chapter’s epicentre. However, the chapter concerns the possible links between certain ideas and discourses regarding the ambassador’s persona, the growth of diplomatic thought, and the rise of diplomacy as a feature in the rise of the ‘international’
Introduction: liberal world order
No full textIn this collection of essays, the contributors help us to make sense of these apparent contradictions through challenging the way in which the debate about liberalism has been conducted within the IR academy as well as in policy circles. Against the theoreticians, we argue that liberalism has suffered from being too closely tied to the quest for scientific authenticity, resulting in a theoretical perspective with little or no commitment to political values and political vision. By turning the classical liberalism of Kant, Paine, and Mill, into the neoliberalism of Moravcsik, Keohane, and Simmons, liberalism has been shorn of its critical and normative potential. Going beyond the current political debate, we argue that liberalism cannot be understood if its focus is solely directed at the United States and the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. To be sure, liberal order version 2.0 may be seen as synonymous with American power and American policy, and liberal internationalism is to many synonymous with Wilsonianism. However, by viewing liberal order's crisis primarily as a crisis of authority, and by not looking further than the twentieth century, liberalism has been separated from its historical origins and previous rich debates about dilemmas, tensions, and contradictions similar to those of today's liberal order
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
'A Monstrous Failure of Justice'?:Guantanamo Bay and National Security Challenges to Fundamental Human Rights
Full text linkThis article considers challenges to the existing international human rights regime in the post-9/11 era. It uses an interdisciplinary approach that brings together issues of politics and law by focussing on international legal provisions and setting them into the context of International Relations theory. The article examines the establishment of Guantanamo Bay as a detention centre for suspected terrorists captured in the 'war on terror' and focuses on violations of international human rights and humanitarian law in the name of national security. This article demonstrates that the wrangling over Guantanamo Bay is an important illustration of the complex interaction between interests and norms as well as law and politics in US policy making. The starting point is that politics and law are linked and cannot be seen in isolation from each other; the question that then arises is what kind of politics law can maintain. International Politics (2010) 47, 680-697. doi: 10.1057/ip.2010.25</p
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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