1,776,925 research outputs found
Impact of Participatory Irrigation Management (PIM) to Local Communities and Environment in Hop Tien Commune, Dong Hy
No full textThis case-study is designed to support the development of the Viet Nam – Netherlands Water Partnership on Water for Food and Ecosystems. The partnership is between Viet Nam’s Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (MARD) and the Netherlands Ministry of Agriculture, Nature and Food Quality (LNV). IUCN has been asked to coordinate the Partnership development process, including through undertaking study that will identify strategies for the management of water resources that balance agricultural production with the maintenance of the integrity of critical ecosystems that depend on adequate water flows. The case study is being carried out in Hop Tien commune, Dong Hy district, Thai Nguyen province, Vietnam. The purpose of the case study is to identify mechanisms based on that water resources management, which are traditionally approached as single purpose management regimes, should be enhanced to become more integrated, multi-stakeholder based management systems. At the irrigation scheme level, water resources management is considered as irrigation governance and management. The integrated approach is carried out with considerations of various interests such as irrigation, domestic water supply and fishery in Hop Tien commune. On the other hand, issues of saving water, water resources protection should be paid attention in the case study to ensure sustainable water resources development in the area
Tien lessen in leren
No full textTien lessen in leren gaat over lessen die zijn getrokken uit de toepassing van Learning Histories in duurzame innovatie projecten en - programma's. Bedoeld voor project- en programmaleiders en procesbegeleiders van leerprocesse
U. Zaar, T. Tien.
No full textMade available by the Northern Territory Library via the Publications (Legal Deposit) Act 2004 (NT).Date:2003[Main report] -- Aboriginal knowledge -- Technical data / U. Zaar, T. Tien
Modelling of hydrological response to climate change in glacierized Central Asian catchments
No full textThe arid lowlands of Central Asia are highly dependent on the water supplied by the Tien Shan mountains. Snow and ice storage make large contributions to current runoff, particularly in summer. Two runoff models with different temporal resolutions, HBV-ETH and OEZ, were applied in three glaciated catchments of the Tien Shan mountains. Scenario runs were produced for a climate change caused by the doubling of atmospheric CO2 as predicted by the GISS global circulation model and assuming a 50% reduction of glaciation extent, as well as a complete loss of glaciation. Agreement of the results was best for runs based on 50% glaciation loss, where both models predict an increase in spring and summer runoff compared to current levels. Scenarios for complete loss of glaciation predict an increase in spring runoff levels, followed by lower runoff levels for July and August. Model predictions differ concerning the degree of reduction of late summer runoff. These scenarios are sensitive to model simulation of basin precipitation, as well as to reduction of glaciation extent
[[alternative]]Tien Pei-Lin' Educational Thought and Academic Career
No full text[[abstract]]ABSTRACT
Tien Pei-Lin was born in 1893, and dead in 1975. Tien Pei-Lin had devoted himself to the education in Honan in his early lifehood. In addition, he had also devoted himself to the education in Taiwan since he came to Taiwan in 1938. He is an educational thinker and practitioner.
This study is the first thesis on exploring Tien Pei-Lin’
educational thought and academic career in our country. As far as the research method is concerned, the study is to make use of documentary analysis method and interview method. As to the content of study, at first, it illustrates Tien Pei-Lin’life and important works to illuminate his life process and central ideal. Secondly, the study inquires Tien Pei-Lin’ historical background and influence of other scholars to make us understand his philosophical basis and philosophical views. Thirdly, the study aims at inquiring Tien Pei-Lin’ educational thought and academic career to make us realize his educational thought and his contributions to our country’s education and culture. At last, the study illustrates Tien Pei-Lin’ educational thought implications, and thus it makes some suggestions for contemporary education.
一、Implications
1.Education is a process of creating spiritual values.
2.We need to criticize the deficiency of quantitative research paradigm.
3.We need to reflect educational love in the relationship between teachers and students.
二、Suggestions
1.Education should emphasize the creation of spiritual values.
2.The teacher should advocate educational love.
3.We need to develop the views of teacher education which adapts to social changes.
4.We need to develop the educational institution which is based on traditional culture.
5.We need to develop the research paradigm which involves qualitative research and quantitative research.
Evaluation of Participatory Disaster Preparation and Mitigation Project in Tien Giang and Dong Thap Provinces, Vietnam
No full textIn recent years cyclical floods affecting the Mekong delta have become more serious and complex, resulting in significant loss of life and affecting food and income security. This five year project (2005-2010) focuses on 24 communes in 5 districts within the two most flood prone provinces in the delta; Tien Giang and Dong Thap. It aims to reduce the risk of floods to rural men, women and children in Tien Giang and Dong Thap by decreasing their vulnerability and increasing the capacity of communities and institutions. This mid-term evaluation assesses the effectiveness of project activities in contributing to the key objective and identifies the strengths and weaknesses of project activities to date, with recommendations to enhance effectiveness and impact for the duration of the project
Neural - fuzzy approach for system identification
No full textMost real-world processes have nonlinear and complex dynamics. Conventional methods of constructing nonlinear models from first principles are time consuming and require a level of knowledge about the internal functioning of the system that is often not available. Consequently, in such cases a nonlinear system identification procedure from observational data is a more attractive alternative. If the model structures to be investigated are purely chosen from a set of mathematically convenient structures, without incorporation of knowledge about the internal functioning, this is called black-box modeling. In case that some qualitative a priori information can be used in the above modeling procedure, it is sometimes referred to as gray-box modeling.Artificial neural network models and fuzzy models are typical examples of black-box and gray-box modeling, respectively. They have the same property of parallel processing and both serve as universal function approximators to perform nonlinear mapping. Each of them has its own weak and strong points. The fuzzy model has a transparent knowledge representation but has restricted learning ability. A neural network model can easily learn from new data, but it is difficult to interpret the information contained in its internal configuration.This thesis investigates how to construct an integrated neural-fuzzy model that can perform approximation of an unknown system via a set of given input-output observations. The result is the integrated neural-fuzzy model NUFZY, which combines the advantages of the above two paradigms, and concurrently compensates for their weaknesses. Thus, it has a transparent network structure and a self-explanatory representation of fuzzy rules.The NUFZY system is a special type of neural network, which is characterized by partial connections in its first and second layers. Through its network connections the NUFZY system carries out a particular type of fuzzy reasoning. Also, the NUFZY system is functionally equivalent to a zero th -order Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy model, so that it is an universal function approximator as well.Two existing learning methods, i.e., the orthogonal least squares and the prediction error algorithms, can be applied directly to the developed NUFZY model. The former method, referred to as batch learning, can be used to detect redundant fuzzy rules from the prototype rule base and to find the weight parameters of the NUFZY model by one-pass estimation. The latter, referred to as recursive learning, allows a fast adaptation of parameters of the NUFZY model. Several practical examples with real data of agricultural problems, which address the tomatoes growth and the greenhouse temperature, have been presented in this thesis, showing the capability of the NUFZY system for modeling nonlinear dynamic systems.Two questions concerning the integrated neural-fuzzy model are addressed by studying the equivalent T-S fuzzy model: how to obtain a linguistic interpretation of fuzzy rules deduced by learning from training examples, and how to incorporate a priori knowledge into the T-S fuzzy model.It is found out that it is possible to have linguistic interpretations of the crisp consequent of the T-S fuzzy rules by transforming them into Mamdani - like fuzzy rules. A new parameter set, the consequent significance level, is associated to the consequent of each Mamdani fuzzy rule to form an extended Mamdani fuzzy model. This model has a more flexible modeling ability than the ordinary Mamdani fuzzy model and has a comparable model accuracy as that of the T-S fuzzy model.Regarding the second question, an optimization approach is employed to systematically incorporate the a priori knowledge into the T-S fuzzy model. If the knowledge about the system behavior outside the identification data range is expressed in the form of a qualitative Mamdani fuzzy model, then this model can be incorporated in the objective function of the parameter estimation problem as an additional penalty term. Thus, the estimation of the parameters of the T-S fuzzy model from the identification data is constrained by the involvement of a priori knowledge. As a consequence, the resultant fuzzy model becomes more robust in the extrapolation domain. This approach can be extended to neural -fuzzy modeling without difficulty.To conclude, the beauty of the integrated neural-fuzzy model, NUFZY, developed in this thesis is that it is a neural network, enabling the implementation of efficient learning algorithms in an easy way, and that it is a fuzzy model at the same time, allowing incorporation of priori knowledge and transparent interpretation of its internal network structure. So, among the various methods of nonlinear system identification, the NUFZY model can serve as an attractive alternative.See alsohttp://www.math.utwente.nl/disc/dissertations/tien.html</A
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