1,721,009 research outputs found
Influence of distraction task on pelvic floor muscle functions
No full textBut: L’attention semble avoir un impact sur le fonctionnement des muscles périnéaux.Matériels : L’activité électromyographique (EMG) du sphincter anal externe (SAE) a été receuillie au cours d’effort de contractions périnéales volontaires et reflexe (provoquées par la toux) réalisées en réponse à un stimulus au marteau reflexe chez des femmes volontaires saines avec et sans épreuve de charge cognitive (ECC). Le temps de réaction (RT1) correspondant à la latence entre le stimulus et le début d’activité EMG du SAE lors d’une contraction périnéale volontaire, le RT3, correspondant au temps de latence entre le début d’activité EMG du SAE et le début d’activité EMG des muscles intercostaux externes (ICE) lors d’un effort de toux, ont été mesurés. Après randomisation (1/2) 13 femmes ont bénéficié d’une rééducation en double tache (cognitivo-musculaire) et 26 femmes constituaient le groupe témoin. Ces mêmes paramètres ont été enregistrés avant et apres rééducation dans les deux groupes.Resultats: Une ECC provoque un allongement du RT1 par un facteur 3,98 (p<0,001). Une ECC entrainne une diminution de 29% de la contraction périnéale réflexe: RT3 était respectivement de -80.00 ms sans ECC contre -56,7 ms en cas d’ECC (r=0,7, p=0,0045). Dans le groupe « rééducation » le RT1 en présence d’une ECC passait de 461,1 à 290,7 ms (r=0,6, p=0,006) contre 370 à 343 ms dans le groupe témoin (r=0,9, p=NS). Le RT3 dans le groupe « rééducation » en absence d’une ECC passait de -68,5 à -127,8 ms (r=1,9, p=0,03) et en présence d’une ECC de -42,6 ms à -59,3 ms (r=1,4, p=0,04). Conclusion: Une rééducation specifique corrige les effets provoqués par une ECC sur la contraction périnéale.Aims: Attention may be involved in pelvic floor muscles (PFM) Methods: The electromyographic (EMG) activity of the external anal sphincter (EAS) was recorded on healthy female volunteers, during voluntary and involuntary (induced by cough) PFM contraction, elicited by local stimulation, combined (or not) with a mental Distraction Task (DT). Reaction time (RT1), ie. the latency between stimulus and the onset of EAS EMG activity, RT3, ie. the latency between the onset of EAS EMG activity and the onset of External intercostal muscle (EIC) (cough) were measured. Following randomisation (2/1) 13 volunteers underwent dual task cognitive (an attentional test and PFM exercises) rehabilitation program and 26 were the control group (no specific instruction). RT1 and RT3 were recorded before and after the program in both group.Results: The mental distraction task led to a 3.98 times greater reaction time between stimulus and EAS EMG activation (RT1), (p<0.001). DT led to a 29% shorter anticipation of the involontary PFM contraction: RT3 were respectively -80.00 ms without a DT versus -56.67 ms with a DT (r=0.7, p=0.004). In the rehabilitation group RT1 in DT conditions decreased from 461.1 ms to 290.7 ms (r=0.6, p=0.006)vs 370 to 343 ms in the control group (r=0.9, p=NS). In the study group RT3 without a DT increased from −68.5 ms to −127.8 ms (r=1.89, p = 0.03) and from 42,6 ms to -59,3 ms with a DT (r= 1.4, p=0.04).Conclusions: A specific dual task rehabilitation can prevent the effect of DT on PFM contraction characteristics
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Impact d'un détournement d'attention sur les mécanismes neuromusculaires impliqués dans la contraction des muscles du plancher pelvien
No full textAims: Attention may be involved in pelvic floor muscles (PFM) Methods: The electromyographic (EMG) activity of the external anal sphincter (EAS) was recorded on healthy female volunteers, during voluntary and involuntary (induced by cough) PFM contraction, elicited by local stimulation, combined (or not) with a mental Distraction Task (DT). Reaction time (RT1), ie. the latency between stimulus and the onset of EAS EMG activity, RT3, ie. the latency between the onset of EAS EMG activity and the onset of External intercostal muscle (EIC) (cough) were measured. Following randomisation (2/1) 13 volunteers underwent dual task cognitive (an attentional test and PFM exercises) rehabilitation program and 26 were the control group (no specific instruction). RT1 and RT3 were recorded before and after the program in both group.Results: The mental distraction task led to a 3.98 times greater reaction time between stimulus and EAS EMG activation (RT1), (p<0.001). DT led to a 29% shorter anticipation of the involontary PFM contraction: RT3 were respectively -80.00 ms without a DT versus -56.67 ms with a DT (r=0.7, p=0.004). In the rehabilitation group RT1 in DT conditions decreased from 461.1 ms to 290.7 ms (r=0.6, p=0.006)vs 370 to 343 ms in the control group (r=0.9, p=NS). In the study group RT3 without a DT increased from −68.5 ms to −127.8 ms (r=1.89, p = 0.03) and from 42,6 ms to -59,3 ms with a DT (r= 1.4, p=0.04).Conclusions: A specific dual task rehabilitation can prevent the effect of DT on PFM contraction characteristics.But: L’attention semble avoir un impact sur le fonctionnement des muscles périnéaux.Matériels : L’activité électromyographique (EMG) du sphincter anal externe (SAE) a été receuillie au cours d’effort de contractions périnéales volontaires et reflexe (provoquées par la toux) réalisées en réponse à un stimulus au marteau reflexe chez des femmes volontaires saines avec et sans épreuve de charge cognitive (ECC). Le temps de réaction (RT1) correspondant à la latence entre le stimulus et le début d’activité EMG du SAE lors d’une contraction périnéale volontaire, le RT3, correspondant au temps de latence entre le début d’activité EMG du SAE et le début d’activité EMG des muscles intercostaux externes (ICE) lors d’un effort de toux, ont été mesurés. Après randomisation (1/2) 13 femmes ont bénéficié d’une rééducation en double tache (cognitivo-musculaire) et 26 femmes constituaient le groupe témoin. Ces mêmes paramètres ont été enregistrés avant et apres rééducation dans les deux groupes.Resultats: Une ECC provoque un allongement du RT1 par un facteur 3,98 (p<0,001). Une ECC entrainne une diminution de 29% de la contraction périnéale réflexe: RT3 était respectivement de -80.00 ms sans ECC contre -56,7 ms en cas d’ECC (r=0,7, p=0,0045). Dans le groupe « rééducation » le RT1 en présence d’une ECC passait de 461,1 à 290,7 ms (r=0,6, p=0,006) contre 370 à 343 ms dans le groupe témoin (r=0,9, p=NS). Le RT3 dans le groupe « rééducation » en absence d’une ECC passait de -68,5 à -127,8 ms (r=1,9, p=0,03) et en présence d’une ECC de -42,6 ms à -59,3 ms (r=1,4, p=0,04). Conclusion: Une rééducation specifique corrige les effets provoqués par une ECC sur la contraction périnéale
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
- …
