1,720,964 research outputs found
Rethinking the Heart of Empire: Indigenous Travellers in London, 1502-2015
No full textLondon is famed both as the ancient center of a former empire and as a modern metropolis of bewildering complexity and diversity. Coll Thrush offers an imaginative vision of the city\u27s past crafted from an almost entirely new perspective: that of Indigenous children, women, and men who traveled there, willingly or otherwise, from territories that became Canada, New Zealand, Australia, and the United States, beginning in the sixteenth century. They included captives and diplomats, missionaries and shamans, poets and performers. Thrush illustrates how London learned to be a global, imperial city and how Indigenous people were central to that process.
About the Lecturer: Coll Thrush (Fairhaven 1995) is professor of history at the University of British Columbia, where he is also affiliated with UBC’s Institute for Critical Indigenous Studies. He is the author of Indigenous London and Native Seattle: Histories from the Crossing-Over Place
Looking for the killer : a history of orca encounters, 1861-1964
No full textThis dissertation examines the emergence of the killer whale in popular and scientific discourses (1861-1964). Today, the orca is beloved, a potent symbol of nature and a marker of the tenuous future of our oceans in an age of climate catastrophe and ecological precarity. However, for much of western history, the orca has been a pariah, vilified for their predations and cast as a monstrous glutton. The dissertation seeks to understand the historical roots of the orca’s terrible reputation through an analysis of public discourses, fictional works, and scientific texts. This study traces discrete pieces of knowledge related to the orca’s character, seeking to understand how embodied experiences of both orcas and humans shaped the representations of the species over time. The dissertation features a set of case studies: a dissection of an orca in Denmark (1861), Antarctic encounters with orca in the early twentieth century (1910-1929), and a wayward orca who took up residence in a slough near Portland, Oregon (1931). The project employs a large-scale gathering of news coverage related to the orca, showcasing the possibilities of animal-centered history in the age of mass digitization. The dynamics of orca-human encounters are a crucial thread for this project. Special attention is paid to the embodied dynamics of these encounters, integrating historical sources with our present-day understanding of orca behaviors and cultures. The dissertation traces how first-hand encounters with orca were packaged – as scientific facts or wild animal stories – and, ultimately, how accounts of human-orca interactions were either incorporated into the orca’s folk-biological reputation or lost to the past. The dissertation considers how specific stories became canonical to understanding the species. The interplays – between belief and encounter, expectation and interaction, intimate first-hand encounter and second-hand recounting of the events – are reoccurring themes of the dissertation, speaking to the uneven record of human interactions with the killer whale and the historical contingency of human attitudes towards orca.Arts, Faculty ofHistory, Department ofGraduat
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Sovereign futures : indigenous and settler prophecies in two nineteenth-century American “northwests”
No full textThis dissertation argues that settler colonialism unfolded in various North American Wests through a clash of prophetic visions, each of which expressed fundamentally different modes of relationality. Through two case studies—the “Old Northwest” of the early nineteenth-century Ohio Valley, and the “new” Northwest of the Columbia Plateau region later in the century—I explore how Indigenous prophecies and settler prophecies articulated divergent visions of the future in language that was declarative, often couched in future perfect tense: what will have come to be. Scholars have long framed Indigenous prophetic movements as either religious or political, traditionalist or innovative, as autochthonous or existing only in reaction to contact and colonialism. I move beyond these binary formations by reframing Indigenous prophecy through Indigenous ontologies and epistemologies. Through these frameworks, Indigenous prophecy can be seen as a diagnostic tool, a theoretical and critical apparatus, and a guide for either maintaining or refusing relations with humans and other-than-human beings. Accompanied by new prescriptions and ceremonies on how to live properly with other beings and thus renew a world of interdependent relationships, Indigenous prophecy may be seen as simultaneously legal, political, and religious even as it resists these categories. It is oriented toward a future on and with the land against, or despite, the presence of settler colonial jurisdictional claims. For their part, settlers prophesied a future free from vulnerability and dependences, of technological perfection and environmental mastery. For this future to come to pass, the interdependent relations carefully forged by generations of Indigenous communities on and with the land had to be severed and reoriented toward an ever-expanding market. Settlers confidently proclaimed the immanent fulfillment of a “manifest destiny,” yet they simultaneously expressed anxiety when a future of technological progress, flourishing republican institutions, market connectivity and private land ownership seemed compromised. Settler prophecy was always in reaction to the continued presence of Indigenous peoples who professed their own temporal sovereignty. With the constant specter of Indigenous endurance, settler future imaginaries have always been fragile and doomed to fail.Arts, Faculty ofHistory, Department ofGraduat
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Vexed forgetting and unruly plumes : tracing the settler wasting cycle in the Pacific Northwest across the long twentieth century
No full textGenerated by the movement of waste materials from their point of origin or dispersal, a plumescape is an eco-social landscape resulting from the integration of waste materials into interconnected ecosystems and bodies, which hold or circulate those materials for varying periods of time. These contamination geographies may be produced, described, or altered by human technologies and behaviors, but they do not abide by socially constructed borders, timescales, or ideas about the purported separation of “nature” and “humanity” held by Euro-American societies. In the North American West, the production of plumescapes has proliferated since the mid-nineteenth century, illustrating a distinct cycle of environmental decision-making characteristic of settler colonial projects, a phenomenon I call the settler wasting cycle.
Based on the survey and analysis of themes and patterns in archival materials, public testimonies, oral histories, and scientific studies, this study examines patterns in the histories of the Victoria, British Columbia sewage plumescape, the Tacoma, Washington ASARCO copper smelter plumescape, and the Hanford plutonium production plumescape, initiated in eastern Washington and spread widely around the larger region. The late establishment of Euro-American settler colonialism in this multinational region meant the production of these waste plumes coincided with new scientific understandings of disease, driving settler policy and infrastructural development designed to remove potentially dangerous wastes from proximity to white setter bodies.
This dissertation charts the distinct stages and mechanisms responsible for perpetuating the settler wasting cycle, which fails to eliminate dangerous wastes from lived environments, but excels at creating vexed forgetting of the presence and danger posed by those wastes. This vexed forgetting relies on the production of scientific doubt about the health impacts of wastes, and the introduction of new technological and infrastructural strategies which promise (and inevitably fail) to diffuse or contain wastes. This study also traces counter-epistemologies developed from embodied knowledges and community networks, and the influence of those local ways of knowing on social movement organizing within and beyond the plumescapes which shaped them. This dissertation contributes to ongoing discussions in Discard Studies, Environmental History, and studies of the North American West.Arts, Faculty ofHistory, Department ofGraduat
Henry Pennier, "Call Me Hank": A Stó:lo Man's Reflections on Logging, Living, and Growing Old," ed. Keith Thor Carlson and Kristina Fagan (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2006)
Get PDFJames Mackay and David Stirrup, eds. Tribal Fantasies: Native Americans in the European Imaginary, 1900-2010.
Get PDFThis is not a work of Indigenous history. Rather, it an important collection of essays about the recent history of European ideas about –and cultural practices purporting to relate to– the Indigenous peoples of North America. Anyone who works on cultural appropriation, the imaginary Indian, or the symbolic relationship between Indigenous peoples and globalization will find much to work with here. Although they are not presented in this order, there are some obvious clusters among the essays. ..
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