1,720,987 research outputs found
The effect of stimulus rate and time-separation on Volterra slices of otoacoustic emissions
No full textVolterra slices (VSs) of otoacoustic emissions are temporal non-linear interaction components which can be measured using the maximum length sequence technique of stimulation. Previous studies have found, but not explained, non-monotonic variations in the amplitude of VSs when stimulus rate is increased. In this study, a simple phenomenological model is investigated which provided possible insights into the effect of rate on VS amplitudes. Resulting theoretical considerations suggest that the effect of rate on VS amplitude is best examined when the time-separation parameter of the VS is held constant. To test these suggestions, data on VSs of order 2 and 3 were measured in 24 normal hearing ears in which the rate is varied while holding constant the time-separation. Under these conditions, the results reveal a monotonic reduction in the amplitude of the VSs with increasing rate. The phenomenological model offers a possible explanation of some of these results in terms of the derivatives of the input–output function of the non-linearity. In addition, measured cross-correlations between waveforms of VS of different order and slice number were obtained, revealing a complex dependence on time-separation that has not been explained.<br/
Experience of using vibrotactile aids with the profoundly deafened
No full textThis is a summary of clinical experience and research findings gathered from using vibrotactile aids over 7 years. This interest grew from a research project to evaluate four wrist-worn vibrotactile aids for the rehabilitation of the profoundly deaf. To facilitate this, a training programme was developed to help patients get the most from the aid. Having found that the RNIDISummit Tam vibrotactile aid was the most appropriate, this has been fitted to over 50 patients. The results of the comparative trial, an evaluation of our methods and a discussion of our clinical experience using vibrotactile aids with profoundly deafened patients are presented.Sont résumés ici une expérience clinique et les résultats de plus de sept ans de recherches sur l'utilisation d'appareils vibrotactiles pour les sourds. L'on en est venu à s'interesser à ce problème à partir d'un projet de recherche d'évaluation d'appareils vibrotactiles portés au poignet par des personnes atteintes de surdité profonde en vue de leur réhabilitation. Afin de la faciliter l'on a mis au point un programme d'entrai&#x030c;nement permettant aux patients de tirer le meilleur parti possible de ces appareils. L'appareil vibrotactile élaboré conjointement par le RNID (l'Institut Royal National britannique des Sourds) et par Summit Tam s'étant révélé le plus pratique, 50 patients en ont été dotés. L'on présente ici les résultats des essais comparés, une évaluation de nos méthodes et une discussion de notre expérience clinique dans l'utilisation des appareils vibrotactiles pour les patients atteints de surdité profonde.Es wird eine Zusammenfassung der klinischen Erfahrung und der Forschungsergebnisse aus sieben Jahren Arbeit mit vibrotaktilen Hilfen präsentiert. Diese Arbeit ist aus einem Forschungsp̀rojekt gewachsen, das die Evaluierung von vier am Handgelenk getragenen vibrotaktilen Hilfen zur Rehabilitation von extrem Schwerhörigen zum Ziel hatte. Zwecks Erleichterung der Evaluierung, wurde ein Trainingsprogramm entwickelt, um den Nutzen des Apparats fur den Patienten zu optimieren. Nachdem festgestellt wurde, daß das RNID/Summit Tam Gerät den Anforderungen am besten entsprach, wurde es mehr als 50 Patienten angepaßt. Es wird über die Ergebnisse der Vergleichsuntersuchung, eine Bewertung unserer Methoden und eine Diskussion unserer klinischen Erfahrung mit vibrotaktilen Hilfen bei extrem Schwerhörigen berichtet.</p
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Click-evoked otoacoustic emissions (CEOAEs) recorded from neonates under 13 hours old using conventional and maximum length sequence (MLS) stimulation
No full textMaximum length sequence (MLS) stimulation allows click evoked otoacoustic emissions (CEOAEs) to be averaged at very high stimulation rates. This enables a faster reduction of noise contamination of the response, and has been shown to improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of CEOAEs recorded from adult subjects. This study set out to investigate whether MLS averaging can enhance the SNR of CEOAEs recorded in newborns within the first day after birth, and so improve the pass rates for OAE screening in this period, when false alarm rates are very high. CEOAEs were recorded in a neonatal ward from 57 ears in 37 newborns ranging from 6 to 13 h old, using both conventional (50/s) and high rate (5000/s) MLS averaging. SNR values and pass rates were compared for responses obtained within equal recording times at both rates. MLS averaging produced an SNR improvement of up to 3.8 dB, with the greatest improvement found in higher frequency bands. This SNR advantage resulted in pass rate improvement between 5% and 10%, depending on pass criterion. A significant effect of age was found on both SNR and pass rate, with newborns between 6 and 10 h old showing significantly lower values than those tested between 10 and 13 h after birth, as well as a much greater improvement due to MLS averaging. The findings show that MLS averaging can reduce false alarm rates by up to 15% in very young neonates in a neonatal ward setting
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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