1,721,056 research outputs found
Impact of skeletal divergence on oral health-related quality of life and self-reported jaw function
No full textObjective: To investigate the differences in oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) and self-reported jaw function between patients with hyperdivergent and normodivergent facial types. Methods: Eighty patients with a distinctively hyperdivergent facial type (mandibular plane angle greater than 2 standard deviations, or 42 degrees) and 80 controls were individually matched according to age, sex, ethnicity, and treatment stage. Data were collected using self-report questionnaires such as the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) and Jaw Functional Limitation Scale (JFLS-8). Results: The mean age of the patients was 17.2 +/- 4.6 years (range, 12-49 years), with most (65.0%) being female and of New Zealand European origin (91.3%). Individuals with hyperdivergent facial types had higher overall and social domain scores on the OHIP-14 (p 0.05). Conclusions: Jaw function appears to be similar in individuals with hyperdivergent and normodivergent facial morphologies. However, those with hyperdivergent facial types are more likely to self-report poorer OHRQoL than are those with normal faces, especially in relation to social aspects
Factors influencing adolescents' oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL).
No full textBACKGROUND:
OHRQoL comprises an apparently complex array of biological and psychological aspects of oral health.
AIM:
To determine the relative contribution of sociodemographic, psychosocial, or clinical characteristics to OHRQoL in adolescents.
DESIGN:
A cross-sectional study of Dunedin adolescents was carried out. Each participant completed a self-administered questionnaire and underwent a clinical examination. Information collected included sociodemographic characteristics (sex, ethnicity, and household deprivation), psychosocial characteristics (self-esteem, psychological well-being, somatisation, and self-perception scores for body image), and clinical measures (DMFS and Dental Aesthetic Index). OHRQoL was measured using the 16-item impact short-form CPQ11−14 questionnaire. Linear regression analyses used the CPQ11−14 as the dependent variable, with independent variables entered in related groups.
RESULTS:
Three hundred and fifty-three children (48.4% females) took part, representing a 58.8% response rate. Linear regression modelling of the CPQ11−14 score showed that sociodemographic characteristics were predictors, but the model's overall explanatory power was low (R(2) = 0.05). This increased slightly with inclusion of the clinical variables. When the psychosocial variables were added, however, the R(2) increased to 0.50; all psychosocial variables (except self-esteem) were strongly associated with the CPQ11−14 score. Psychological well-being was the strongest predictor.
CONCLUSION:
Psychosocial characteristics are important contributors to OHRQoL in adolescents and appear to be more important than sociodemographic or clinical characteristics
Impact of malocclusion on quality of life among New Zealand adolescents.
No full textOBJECTIVES:
To determine whether malocclusion is associated with oral-health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in New Zealand adolescents.
METHODS:
Data from two cross-sectional epidemiological studies of adolescents in Taranaki and Otago were used. Each participant completed a self-administered questionnaire and underwent a clinical examination. Information collected included sociodemographic characteristics (sex, ethnicity and household deprivation), and clinical measures (caries and malocclusion, the latter measured with the Dental Aesthetic Index, or DAI). OHRQoL was measured using the validated 16-item impact short-form Child Perceptions Questionnaire (CPQ11-14). Linear regression was used to model the CPQ11-14 score.
RESULTS:
783 adolescents (52.6% male) took part. One-fifth had a handicapping malocclusion and one-third had a minor malocclusion or none. The overall mean DMFS was 2.3 (SD, 3.8), with slightly more than 50% being caries-free. With the exception of the oral symptoms domain, females presented with higher mean CPQ11-14 and domain scores, while Mãori had lower scores. There was a distinct gradient in mean CPQ11-14 and domain scores across the categories of malocclusion severity, whereby those in the 'handicapping' category of the DAI had the highest CPQ11-14 score. Linear regression modeling of the CPQ11-14 score showed that, after controlling for DMFS and socio-demographic characteristics, malocclusion category and being female were positively associated with higher CPQ11-14 scores.
CONCLUSION:
A severe malocclusion appears to have a negative impact on the OHRQoL of New Zealand adolescents
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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