1,720,961 research outputs found
Chlorocholine chloride residue distribution in eggs, breast and femur meat of laying hens determined by labelled-N-15 estimates
No full textThe distribution of chlorocholine chloride (CCC) residue or its metabolites in the meat and eggs of laying hens was studied using the N-15 delta value (delta(15)N) and N-15 atom % derived from N-15-CCC containing diets. In a completely randomised design, 20 laying hens were divided into four groups allocated four different diets namely; 0 mg N-15-CCC/kg feed a control diet (group A); 5 mg N-15-CCC/kg feed (group B), 50 mg N-15-CCC/kg (group C) and 100 mg N-15-CCC/kg (group D) for 11 days. During the seven days that followed, N-15-CCC diets were withdrawn and all hens were restored to feeding on the control diet. The delta(15)N excess and N-15 atom % excess in meat and eggs of hens fed diets containing N-15-CCC, were higher than in the control diet after 11 days of treatment and seven days after withdrawal of N-15-CCC, except for the egg yolk values of hens fed 5 mg N-15-CCC/kg feed. The delta(15)N excess and N-15 atom % excess of meat, egg yolk and egg albumen were dependent on dietary N-15-CCC concentrations and differed significantly between tissues for each of the three N-15-CCC concentrations examined. Femur meat delta(15)N excess and N-15 atom % excess were similar to that of breast meat but differed significantly from that of other tissues. The results show that tissue type is a factor in CCC residue/metabolite accumulation in chicken products suggesting differences in exposure or risk of CCC on consumers
Chlorocholine chloride residue distribution in eggs, breast and femur meat of laying hens determined by labelled-N-15 estimates
No full textThe distribution of chlorocholine chloride (CCC) residue or its metabolites in the meat and eggs of laying hens was studied using the N-15 delta value (delta(15)N) and N-15 atom % derived from N-15-CCC containing diets. In a completely randomised design, 20 laying hens were divided into four groups allocated four different diets namely; 0 mg N-15-CCC/kg feed a control diet (group A); 5 mg N-15-CCC/kg feed (group B), 50 mg N-15-CCC/kg (group C) and 100 mg N-15-CCC/kg (group D) for 11 days. During the seven days that followed, N-15-CCC diets were withdrawn and all hens were restored to feeding on the control diet. The delta(15)N excess and N-15 atom % excess in meat and eggs of hens fed diets containing N-15-CCC, were higher than in the control diet after 11 days of treatment and seven days after withdrawal of N-15-CCC, except for the egg yolk values of hens fed 5 mg N-15-CCC/kg feed. The delta(15)N excess and N-15 atom % excess of meat, egg yolk and egg albumen were dependent on dietary N-15-CCC concentrations and differed significantly between tissues for each of the three N-15-CCC concentrations examined. Femur meat delta(15)N excess and N-15 atom % excess were similar to that of breast meat but differed significantly from that of other tissues. The results show that tissue type is a factor in CCC residue/metabolite accumulation in chicken products suggesting differences in exposure or risk of CCC on consumers
The mineral scoring technique and evaluation of indigenous browse species as natural mineral phytocentres for goats in African rangelands
No full textThe utilization and evaluation of indigenous browse species as natural mineral phytocentres for goats was examined by the combined use of mineral concentrations, mineral scores, browse accessibility and abundance in the Ankole rangeland, Uganda. The species Grewia bicolor and Carissa edulis with >140% mineral scores and >70% accessibility were the most valuable mineral phytocentres and were the victims of overgrazing. Acacia albida and Acacia abyssinica with >130% mineral scores but >30% browse accessibility were valuable for the cut-and-carry feeding system. Species mineral scores at average and maximum dietary recommendations were <60%, highlighting the mineral insufficiency of range browse for high-performance goats. Mineral supply potential was highest (35.0%) in the genus Acacia and lowest (5.3%) in Dichrostachys. Browse accessibility was <35% in 69.2% of species. Acacia hockii was the most abundant species (24.5%) but had the lowest mineral score (17.7%). Browse species (90-100%) were deficient in Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn. The combined use of mineral concentration and mineral scoring technique was superior to the use of mineral concentrations alone in defining mineral adequacy, deficiency and supply potential, making the mineral scoring technique a valuable tool in browse management
Effects of dehulling and dry heating on the nutritional value of rapeseed meal for broiler chicks
No full textA five weeks feeding experiment was conducted to study the effect of including rapeseed meal (processed in different ways) in the diet of broiler chicks on their biological performance. Rapeseed meal was prepared in three different ways: 1) Normal procedure was adopted; 2) Seeds were given dry heat (80 degreesC) treatment and were then extracted in the normal way; 3) Seeds were dehulled and the remaining cotyledon part of the seeds was extracted. These meals were included in the diet of broiler chicks at a level so as to provide 25% of the total dietary protein from rapeseed meal. Data on feed consumption and weight gain were recorded weekly. Results showed no significant effects of different treatments. However among the groups, heat treatment resulted (although not significantly) in the highest feed intake (2081 g/chick) followed by control (1940 g/chick) and dehulled rapeseed meal (1915 g/chick). This trend was paralleled by gain in weight and maximum gain was recorded in the case of heat treated rapeseed meal fed group (788 g/chick). Feed to gain ratio ranged from 2.49 (dehulling group) to 2.72 (control group)
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Effects of dehulling and dry heating on the nutritional value of rapeseed meal for broiler chicks
No full textA five weeks feeding experiment was conducted to study the effect of including rapeseed meal (processed in different ways) in the diet of broiler chicks on their biological performance. Rapeseed meal was prepared in three different ways: 1) Normal procedure was adopted; 2) Seeds were given dry heat (80 degreesC) treatment and were then extracted in the normal way; 3) Seeds were dehulled and the remaining cotyledon part of the seeds was extracted. These meals were included in the diet of broiler chicks at a level so as to provide 25% of the total dietary protein from rapeseed meal. Data on feed consumption and weight gain were recorded weekly. Results showed no significant effects of different treatments. However among the groups, heat treatment resulted (although not significantly) in the highest feed intake (2081 g/chick) followed by control (1940 g/chick) and dehulled rapeseed meal (1915 g/chick). This trend was paralleled by gain in weight and maximum gain was recorded in the case of heat treated rapeseed meal fed group (788 g/chick). Feed to gain ratio ranged from 2.49 (dehulling group) to 2.72 (control group)
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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