162,914 research outputs found
Inhibition of reurn spreads across 3D space.
Full text linkthis paper and Patrick van Olffen and Donny Chen for their assistance in conducting the studies. This research was supported by an NSERC grant to J. Pratt. Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to J. Theeuwes, Department of CognitivePsychology,Vrije Universiteit, Van Der Boechorststraat 1, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands (e-mail: [email protected]
What's new? The interaction between novelty and cognition
Full text linkTheeuwes, J.L. [Promotor]Meeter, M. [Copromotor
A New Estimation for the Duration of Attentional Dwell Time
No full textthis article should be addressed to J. Theeuwes, Department of Cognitive Psychology, Vrije Universiteit, Van Der Boechorststraat 1, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands (e-mail: [email protected]
Reward has a residual impact on target selection in visual search, but not on the suppression of distractors
No full textIn the reinforcement learning literature, good outcome following selection of a visual object is thought to bias perception and attention in favour of similar objects in later experience. This impact of reward might be instantiated in two ways: Reward could prime target features or it could act to facilitate suppression of distractors present when reward was received. Here we report results from an experiment in which reward outcome was selectively associated either with the colour defining a visual search target or with the colour defining a salient distractor in the display. Reward's impact on search was evident only when it was tied to the target; reward made it no easier to ignore a distractor when it subsequently reappeared as a distractor. This suggests that reward acts largely to prime target representations, consistent with the idea that objects associated with good outcome become visually salient. © 2010 Psychology Press
No Capture outside of the attentional window
No full textAbstractA recent study has proposed that attentional window determines when the color singletons capture visual attention (Belopolsky, Zwaan, Theeuwes, & Kramer, 2007). The present study used the additional singleton paradigm of Theeuwes (1992) and showed that capture was abolished when the size of the attentional window was reduced by focusing on RSVP stream in the center of the screen. Narrowing of attentional window also resulted in increase in search slope even in such a simple task as the pop-out detection. These findings suggest that attentional window plays a crucial role in visual selection and in the occurrence of attentional capture
Reward guides vision when it's your thing: trait reward-seeking in reward-mediated visual priming.
Full text linkReward-related mesolimbic dopamine is thought to play an important role in guiding animal behaviour, biasing approach towards potentially beneficial environmental stimuli and away from objects unlikely to garner positive outcome. This is considered to result in part from an impact on perceptual and attentional processes: dopamine initiates a series of cognitive events that result in the priming of reward-associated perceptual features. We have provided behavioural and electrophysiological evidence that this mechanism guides human vision in search, an effect we refer to as reward priming. We have also demonstrated that there is substantial individual variability in this effect. Here we show that behavioural differences in reward priming are predicted remarkably well by a personality index that captures the degree to which a person's behaviour is driven by reward outcome. Participants with reward-seeking personalities are found to be those who allocate visual resources to objects characterized by reward-associated visual features. These results add to a rapidly developing literature demonstrating the crucial role reward plays in attentional control. They additionally illustrate the striking impact personality traits can have on low-level cognitive processes like perception and selective attention
Reward changes salience in human vision via the anterior cingulate
Full text linkReward-related mesolimbic dopamine steers animal behavior, creating automatic approach toward reward-associated objects and avoidance of objects unlikely to be beneficial. Theories of dopamine suggest that this reflects underlying biases in perception and attention, with reward enhancing the representation of reward-associated stimuli such that attention is more likely to be deployed to the location of these objects. Using measures of behavior and brain electricity in male and female humans, we demonstrate this to be the case. Sensory and perceptual processing of reward-associated visual features is facilitated such that attention is deployed to objects characterized by these features in subsequent experimental trials. This is the case even when participantsknowthat a strategic decision to attend to reward-associated features will be counterproductive and result in suboptimal performance. Other results show that the magnitude of visual bias created by reward is predicted by the response to reward feedback in anterior cingulate cortex, an area with strong connections to dopaminergic structures in the midbrain. These results demonstrate that reward has an impact on vision that is independent of its role in the strategic establishment of endogenous attention. We suggest that reward acts to change visual salience and thus plays an important and undervalued role in attentional control. Copyright © 2010 the authors
Het is geen kwestie van beschaving
No full textIn het maatschappelijk debat wordt vaak de discussie in de knop gebroken door te stellen dat het onbeschaafd is om minimumloon te verlagen of eigen bijdrage in de zorg te verhogen. De uitruil waar iedere econoom mee vertrouwd is komt daarmee niet in beeld. Menig debat gaat daardoor over de halve waarheid, aldus de Amsterdamse econoom Jules Theeuwes
Het is geen kwestie van beschaving
No full textIn het maatschappelijk debat wordt vaak de discussie in de knop gebroken door te stellen dat het onbeschaafd is om minimumloon te verlagen of eigen bijdrage in de zorg te verhogen. De uitruil waar iedere econoom mee vertrouwd is komt daarmee niet in beeld. Menig debat gaat daardoor over de halve waarheid, aldus de Amsterdamse econoom Jules Theeuwes
[Report to Chief J. E. Curry, by an unknown author #1]
No full textReport to Chief J. E. Curry, by an unknown author. The report contains a list of officers who gave depositions to the United States Attorney
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