1,721,080 research outputs found
Long term efficacy and safety of latanoprost in glaucoma patients inadequately controlled on timolol
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Hand-arm vibration and dose-response relation for vibration induced white finger among quarry drillers and stone carvers
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Acquired immunodeficiency without HIV infection: epidemiology and clinical autcome in Italy.
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Cerebrovascular disease in Italy and Europe: it is necessary to prevent a 'pandemia'
No full textIn Italy and Europe, strokes are the third most common cause of death and resulting invalidity. In the ever-increasing 80-years-old-and-over population, strokes become more serious due to the clinical presentation during the acute phase and the ten times higher mortality, but also in relation to the twice as high resulting disability as for younger subjects. With the growing number of ailing and not-self-sufficient elderly, other resources will have to be relocated to this field of public health. Then, the dependence index and the ensuing equivalence based on estimates for the first decades of 2000 will create more difficulties in retrieving the funds for social policies. However, stroke prevention is possible both through correct behavioural habits and pharmacological means. Besides the well-known preventive effects of an adequate antihypertensive, antidiabetic and/or antiaggregant/anticoagulant therapy, there is increasing evidence of the effectiveness of statin therapy in stroke prevention. Subjects with a personal history of cerebrovascular events have an increased coronary risk and vice versa. The greatest part of the risk factors for the cerebrovascular disease coincides with those for cardiovascular disease, for which the correction of the former automatically involves a reduction in incidence of both pathologies. In this context, a statin's rational use can therefore represent an important tool for the combined prevention of the two pathologies. Finally, different hypotheses link the origin of Alzheimer's disease to that of progressive cerebrovascular dementia caused by cerebral microcirculation damage. The aim of this review is to resume the actual knowledge about the epidemiology of cerebrovascular disease in Italy and Europe, and about the means available to prevent this phenomenon
Caries experience in 12 year-olds: the Italian National Pathfinder on children oral health
No full textMultiple sclerosis in twins from continental Italy and Sardinia: a nationwide study
No full textKnowledge about the balance between heritable and nonheritable risk in multiple sclerosis (MS) is based on twin studies
in high-prevalence areas. In a study that avoided ascertainment limitations and directly compared continental Italy
(medium-prevalence) and Sardinia (high-prevalence), we ascertained 216 pairs from 34,549 patients. This gives a twinning
rate of 0.62% among MS patients, significantly less than that of the general population. In continental Italy,
probandwise concordance was 14.5% (95% confidence interval, 5.1–23.8) for monozygotic and 4.0% (95% confidence
interval, 0.8 –7.1) for dizygotic twins. Results in Sardinia resemble those in northern populations but in limited numbers.
Monozygotic concordance was 22.2% (95% confidence interval, 0–49.3) probandwise, but no concordant dizygotic pairs
were identified. A questionnaire on 80 items possibly related to disease cause was administered to 70 twin pairs, 135
sporadic patients, and 135 healthy volunteers. Variables positively (7) or negatively (2) associated with predisposition
and concordance in twins largely overlapped and were mainly linked to infection. If compared with previous studies, our
data demonstrate that penetrance in twins appears to correlate with MS prevalence. They highlight the relevance of
nonheritable variables in Mediterranean areas. The apparent underrepresentation of MS among Italian twins draws
attention to protective factors, shared by twins, that may influence susceptibility
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