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Characterization of Human Liver Stromal Cells
Get PDFThe liver is a highly immunologic, metabolic organ in the body with many functions including but not limited to amino acid and carbohydrate metabolism, synthesis of plasma proteins, metabolism of pharmaceuticals, defense against pathogens, and more. There are two types of stromal cells in the liver: liver sinusoidal endothelial cells and hepatic stellate cells. The goal of this thesis is to determine markers that can be used to identify human stromal cells. I investigated the expression of cellular surface and intracellular molecules on human stromal cells isolated from human livers. The cellular markers for this work in human samples were modeled after published data in mice. In order to test the stability of the expression of these markers in vitro, multiple stromal cell lines were generated from the human stromal cells, and different passage numbers of each cell line tested using flow cytometry. Phenotypic and morphological changes were found across multiple passage numbers where the stromal cells start to lose their strict structure. In addition to morphological changes, changes in expression of cellular markers were also identified. VCAM-1 (CD106) is changed across different passages and also reproduced across numerous cell lines. Cellular adhesion marker CD146 expression is also altered, and when coupled with antigen uptake of Ova via scavenger receptors on LSECs there is a strong shift in populations from single positive for each marker, scavenger receptor and CD146, to double positive across subsequent passages. Our identification of stromal cell markers can be used for further experiments for cellular sorting and functional studies of stromal cells.Liver Sinusoidal Endothelial Cells; Hepatic Stellate Cells; Stromal Cell
Caspase interaction of anti-apoptotic Livin as well as the Vacuolar ATPase (V-ATPase) and structural insights into the subunit d and a of the yeast V-ATPase
No full textApoptosis is a critical process to remove the non-functional and redundant cells regulated by pro- and anti-apoptotic factors. Perturbation of balance between pro- and anti-apoptotic components is the leading cause of several physiopathological conditions such as neurodegenerative and cancer malignancies. Here, the pro-apoptotic cellular protein, ARTS as well as an anti-apoptotic protein, Livin, a family member of inhibitor of apoptosis have been studied. Results showed that ARTS is not the target of Livin E3 ligase activity in apoptotic cells co-expressing ARTS and Livin. In turn, Livin was found to undergo cleavage in ARTS promoted apoptosis which was independent of its self-ubiquitination activity, normally observed in healthy cells. The exhaustion of Livin during ARTS-promoted apoptosis could partially be suppressed by the caspase inhibitors, implying a possible role of caspases concomitant with high active caspase 7 levels found in ARTS-promoted staurosporine-induced apoptosis.
Not only Livin, caspase do cleave several important cellular components during apoptosis and here, I have identified subunit d of V-ATPase as a new target of caspase 3. V ATPases do play critical role in health and disease by maintaining proper acid/base balance pH. Additionally, homogenous protein preparation of yeast subunit d protein was used to determine its first low resolution shape by small angle X-ray spectroscopy (SAXS), revealing two distinct domains of 6.5 nm and 3.5 nm widths forming a “boxing glove” shape. Using previously solved low resolution structure of VO domain as a template, subunit d could be assigned inside the VO, allowing its clear localization on the top of VO domain of V-ATPase. Moreover, biochemical approaches of fluorophore labeling, tryptic digestion and MALDI-TOF analysis led to the identification of a cysteine bridge between Cys36 and Cys329.DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY (SBS
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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