268 research outputs found
The 79th Annual Meeting of the Society of Tokyo Women's Medical University Symposium "Recent Progress in Radiation Therapy" (4) Radiation Therapy for Localized Prostate Cancer
No full text第79回東京女子医科大学学会総会 平成25年9月28日(土) 東京女子医科大学弥生記念講
The Spirit to “Survive” the War – a Play by Akimoto Matsuyo, Hitachibō Kaison (Kaison, the Priest of Hitachi)
No full textAkimoto Matsuyo (1911–2001) is one of the few female playwrights of the Shōwa Period. Her master was Miyoshi Jūrō, a renowned figure of the proletarian theater. He taught Akimoto the art of detailed realism. Akimoto’s great fascination with folklore, an obvious influence of Yanagida Kunio, drove her meticulous fieldwork. In places forgotten and irrelevant to the main course of history, she explored the sensitivity of those in deep connection with local traditions and used this research in her plays. Her play Hitachibō Kaison (Kaison, the Priest of Hitachi) is based on a legend that featured Yoshitsune. Kaison first betrays his lord, later changes his life completely – goes about retelling his sins, and in the end refuses to eat and becomes a virtuous living incarnation of Buddha (ikibotoke). The story opens with the scene of Tokyo children being evacuated at the end of the Pacific War. The children unexpectedly become absorbed into the world of Kaison’s legend. The comeback of the folk magic theme, posing a contrast with postwar Japan’s modern rationalization, is a unique phenomenon in the literature of the late 1950’s. It also somehow relates to the interest in Japanese folklore and sensuality present in the works of the playwrights of the 1960’s, like Tarayama Shūji or Kara Jūrō. Akimoto, however, does not see Japanese folklore only in contrast to modernity. In her play Muraoka Iheijiden (The Life of Muraoka Iheiji, 1960) she describes a simple man from the countryside, Muraoka, who initially dedicates himself to helping women sold abroad to China and South-East Asia, but later, due to misguided patriotism, changes his approach and by the end abandons all the “deceived” women. In the play Kasabuta Shikibukō (Meditation on Our Lady of Scabs, 1969) Akimoto deals with the pain and suffering of the common people. Basing her story on folk beliefs glorifying the figure of Izumi Shikibu, Akimoto shows the suffering of a mother and a wife that both long for the recovery of a mentally handicapped man who lost his faculties due to a coal-mining accident. Although not explicitly, the play addresses the topic of the psychological construct of selfish patriotism that throughout the 20th century allowed Japan to slip further and further into military conflict starting with the Russo-Japanese War. After the wars were over it still brought suffering to people, who now became victims of a quasi-war, that is, the rapid economic development. In Muraoka Iheijiden the sincere, whole-hearted modern day love of the common countryside people towards their home areas, the neighborly love, all become abused by the power of the state. In Kasabuta Shikibukō, the anti-modern world of myth and folktale – with all its relations, including male-female relationships, eventually ends up twisted by the greed for power that comes with economic development (the national system). Both on the surface and in the inner depths of society, salvation (meaning to live like a human being) becomes an empty slogan (symbol), repeated by simple people devoid of any escape, whose only rescue is in the faith that salvation will come. The author shows it most vividly in one of the scenes from Hitachibō Kaison. The children who are beingevacuated from Tokyo start evoking the name of “Lord Kaison” (Kaison-sama) unaware of the meaning behind those words. In the article I would like to examine how theater plays portray the similarities between the belief in kishuryūritan tales glorifying the defeated, and the imperial system that supported Japanese wars during the era of militarism
Measurements of Surface Temperature and Emissivity by Two-dimensional Four-color Thermometry with Narrow Bandwidth
No full textAbstract To study characteristics of heated material surface over 600 K, non-contact measurements of two-dimensional (2D) distributions of temperature and emissivity are very useful for process monitoring in engineerings, because of remote sensing in short time. The 2D temperature distributions enable us to monitor the surface temperature quantitatively with high spatial resolution. The 2D emissivity distributions give us a capability to judge thermal degradations or defects of surfaces. In our previous studies, 2D distributions of temperature and emissivity determined by two-color method with a CCD camera and two optical filters have been reported. In this study, a four-color method is proposed to improve accuracy and precision in measurements of the 2D distributions. Four optical filters with narrow bandpass of 10 nm were used for our measurements, because the thermometry with them is advantageous over that with wide ones in terms of *Corresponding author, phone: +81-52-789-5982, fax: +81-52-789-2919. E-mail: [email protected] (Fumie Akimoto) accuracy in temperature determination. As the wavelengths of these narrow bandpass filters are selected to be free from atmospheric absorption, it gives negligibly small errors in the temperature measurement. Distributions of temperature and emissivity determined by two-color method are also discussed for comparison. The results obtained by the four-color method have high accuracy and precision and the resultant 2D emissivity distribution indicates that several conditions of surfaces are clearly illustrated
α-Therapy with <sup>223</sup>Ra-Dichloride for Bone Metastasis of Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer
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Radiation Oncology and Molecular-Targeted Therapy for EGFR and its Signal Transduction Pathways: Molecular Basis and Clinical Application for Improvement of Radiotherapeutic Outcomes
No full textNarratives of an Artificial Agent
No full textIn this chapter, the author develops a computational model of the narrative ability for artificial agents. To illustrate an overview of this study, the author addresses an architectural and conceptual systematization of the narrative ability. The proposed model consists of two essential elements: the “mental world” as the internal representation of the world that is formed from many stories, and the mechanism of “narrating” as the act of expressing part of the mental world. In this chapter, the basic concepts and system frameworks of the narrative ability, mental world, and narrating are presented. </jats:p
Condition-dependent sex allocation by clones of a galling aphid
No full textLocal mate competition (LMC) has been postulated to be the primary factor of female-biased sex allocation. In animals such as aphids that exhibit seasonal alternations of clonal and sexual reproduction, there is a high possibility of intra-clonal mating and LMC. This possibility is more plausible for more fecund clones, but out-breeding is predicted for less fecund clones. We hypothesize that clones that are more fecund will gain higher fitness returns by reducing investment in males because of more intense LMC among clonal males. We tested this hypothesis by elucidating the clonal sex allocation patterns of the galling aphid Kaltenbachiella japonica, in which inbreeding and LMC appear to be common. Winged mothers that emerge from a gall, belonging to the same clone, produced males and sexual females asexually on a branch, without dispersing to other trees. The heavier the gall, the more winged mothers were produced from the gall. Individual mothers produced a constant number of males and a variable number of females. The clonal sex allocation to males was 39.8%, on average, and decreased with increasing gall weight. This result showed that clones that were more fecund exhibited more female-biased sex allocation and thus supported our hypothesis. Furthermore, our results corroborated Stubblefield and Seger's hypothesis for sex allocation in patch structure rather than Yamaguchi's constant male hypothesis. We conclude that K. japonica clones are able to adjust their sex allocation patterns adaptively depending on the quality of resources in the galls
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