1,720,961 research outputs found
Un ambulatorio per migranti: un’opportunità di Medicina Transculturale
Full text linkMigration is a complex, dynamic, multifactorial and structural phenomenon. The promotion and defense of
human and social rights for migrant populations must necessarily consider the promotion and care of
health for individuals and communities. Moreover, recent assessments show migration’s start in good
clinically conditions, developing sick and tired during the journey or staying in the country destination due
to the poor living conditions. Global migration from regions where strongyloidiasis, schistosomiasis, viralhepatitis and tuberculosis are endemic, has increased the potential individual and public health effect of
these infectious diseases. The real rate in non-endemic countries is still a challenge. Therefore, screening
for these conditions is necessary to prevent clinical complications and economic effects of Sanitary National
System, but also ensure safe and right taking care to these patients. In the cultural and social perspective
desired and carried forward by WHO, all UN Member States have agreed to try to achieve Universal Health
Coverage (UHC) by 2030.
Objectives
Analyze the taking care process, clinical involvement and the health promotion with migrant population in
our reality, in order to improve and guarantee the access to health care system. Underline the value of
(a)symptomatic acute and chronic diseases, especially in infectious and tropical field, in order to promptly
manage them.
Methods
We adopted a mixed methods approach. We performed a retrospective observational study of the
prevalence of (a)symptomatic acute and chronic diseases in migrants at a single center in Negrar (VR) from
January to December 2017. Furthermore, social and cultural patterns were also considered by a narrative
ethics approach.
Results
We collected clinical and social data of 559 migrants, comparing them based on different origin centers. We
valuated these data with statistical analysis. After that, we described clinical and social characteristics of
UNIVERSITÀ DEGLI STUDI DELL'INSUBRIA
Dottorato di Ricerca in Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale e Medical Humanities
Segreteria: Centro di Ricerca in Farmacologia Medica, Via Monte Generoso n. 71, 21100 Varese VA
Tel. (+39) 0332 217401, Fax (+39) 0332 217409 - E-mail [email protected]
214 migrants leading to a public Hospital in Lombardia. We developed also a medical booklet for collecting
clinical data of migrant patients, aimed at providing care and follow-up during their migration route. We
made 42 organized-interviews, focused on tortures and other aspects of forced migration (persecution,
discrimination, war-conflict, etc).
Conclusion
Access to care for migrants is a public health issue and an ethical duty alike. All the actors involved in
migrants’ social, health care and political spheres will have to face these challenges. Migration journey and
a long stay in Libya is associated to tuberculosis and other infectious diseases development. Therefore,
accurate collection of migrant’s health and migration history and clinical needs is necessary. In order for
UHC goals to be achieved into practice, the development of a targeted health pathway is needed. Our
example of medical booklet is simple, well accepted and, given the double language, could be used even far
from Italy along the migration route; it will contribute to rationalize the choice of medical investigations
that need to be done and it will allow to sum up a detailed medical history that can be consulted at every
visit everywhere
The Circle Method: A Novel Approach to Clinical Ethics Consultation
No full textDifferent methods are available in clinical ethics consultation. In our experience as ethics consultants, certain individual methods have proven insufficient, and so we use a combination of methods. Based on these considerations, we first critically analyze the pros and cons of two well-known methods in the working field of clinical ethics, namely Beauchamp and Childress's four-principle approach and Jonsen, Siegler, and Winslade's four-box method. We then present the circle method, which we have used and refined during several clinical ethics consultations in the hospital setting
Informed Consent for Organ Transplantation in Older Adults: Are Patient Decision Aids the Solution for Successful Implementation of Shared Decision-Making in Transplant Clinical Practice?
No full textView of Volume 66, Special Issue, September 2021
Informed consent (IC) in older adults (≥ 70 years of age) is often complex. This holds even truer in the setting of organ transplantation (OTx), requiring patients to be informed of the risks and benefits associated with multiple options: whether or not to pursue a transplant, to opt for a living – where appropriate – or deceased donor, to consider a variety of choices concerning the potential for poorer organ quality or increased risk of disease transmission and others. IC overlaps with shared decision-making (SDM) in the presence of high-risk procedures, with low levels of certainty, and when two or more treatment alternatives exist.
Patient decision aids (PDAs) (i.e. paper-based/electronic evidence-based tools) have been developed to complement and enhance SDM in clinical practice. Studies have proven PDAs to be an effective means to improve transplant knowledge, to foster patient participation, and to diminish decisional conflict across different settings in OTx. However, research is lacking on the effectiveness and appropriateness of these tools in older adults, which are increasingly entitled to receive OTx.
The objective of our work is 1) to present the challenges posed by the use of PDAs in this group of patients and 2) to identify gaps so as to inform the agenda for research on this emergent issue. Our findings suggest that future studies should aim to the development, implementation and evaluation of PDAs for the oldest, more vulnerable segments of this specific patient population
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Covid-Home. Luoghi e modi dell'abitare, dalla pandemia in poi
No full textCase discusse, osservate, trasformate, amate e odiate. "Covid-Home" si interroga su alcuni temi chiave che ruotano attorno al progetto dell'abitare, alla sua costruzione anche fisica, alle ripercussioni sulla città, fino al ruolo del design inteso come pratica di abitabilità di uno spazio. Studiosi, architetti, curatori, costruttori e designer, hanno provato, a partire dall'odierna crisi sanitaria, a immaginare possibili scenari sull'abitare del futuro. Con testi di: Imma Forino, Andrea Marcante e Adelaide Testa, Jacopo Leveratto, Giordana Ferri, Michela Bassanelli, Stefano Mirti, Pierluigi Salvadeo, Stefano Spremberg e Davide Ferrari, Marco Borsotti, Marco Ferreri
Examining the pre-war health burden of Ukraine for prioritisation by European countries receiving Ukrainian refugees
No full textVariations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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