1,721,000 research outputs found
Le relazioni tra imprese e territorio: il DIME, Distretto Meridionale del Petrolio.
No full textThe relationship between business and territory has the peculiarity of being analyzed from many different points of view. For this reason, it plays an important role in the economic and management studies, both nationally and internationally. In the present work, the territory is con-sidered in its extended meaning and refers to the idea of milieu, i.e. a set of natural, socio-cultural and productive items that constitute its identity. The concept of enterprise, however, considers the reality of the industrial district, i.e. a system whose existence is based on the close relationship that develops between economic and productive activity of district enterprises and territory. In the paper, the relationship enterprise-territory is considered both from the point of view of knowledge management, that is the study of the management of existing knowledge within the industrial di-strict, which allow the growth and evolution of the entire context of reference; both in the basis of the existing power relations in the district supply chain. The study aims to analyze the operation of the oil districts and the dynamics of clusters, with particular attention to the specific knowledge of the industry. The empirical analysis has taken into account the DI.ME., the Southern Energy Di-strict of Eni, whose main activity is the production of oil and gas and that has its headquarters in the country of Viggiano, in the Val d’Agri, in the heart of Basilicata region
Il management strategico delle società di consulenza
No full textLa società industriale sta gradualmente cedendo il passo alla società dell'informazione e della conoscenza. Si tratta di un cambiamento radicale, che ha profonde implicazioni economiche e culturali. Il valore economico è generato sempre di più dalle risorse immateriali.
Il mezzo di produzione base è oggi il "bene" immateriale, che è sapere e conoscenza. In quest'ottica, le aziende knowledge-based rappresentano il focus di questo studio. Un classico esempio d'azienda knowledge-based è rappresentato dalle società di consulenza, le quali basano tutta la propria attività sul mettere a disposizione di terzi, vale a dire dei propri client, le conoscenze necessarie allo sviluppo e all'implementazione del proprio business, attraverso l'attuazione di politiche strategiche competitive.
Sono, questi, i motivi che inducono il management strategico delle società di consulenza a focalizzare l'attenzione sullo sviluppo conoscitivo del personale, sulle forme di incentivazione dell'apprendimento individuale e collettivo, sui meccanismi di trasferimento della conoscenza all'interno delle imprese, sulla scelta del giusto trade-off tra globalizzazione e contestualizzazione dei saperi
Il distretto petrolifero: struttura e funzionamento. Il caso Val D'Agri
No full textDa oltre vent’anni, politici, economisti ed imprenditori hanno focalizzato il loro interesse nei confronti della composita realtà dei distretti industriali, della peculiarità del “sistema distretto” e della sua particolare capacità di creare sviluppo. In effetti, il polimorfismo delle forme distrettuali ha condotto numerosi studiosi ad articolare una classificazione sistematica e tassonomica del distretto. Distretto industriale, cluster, sistema locale d’innovazione, milieux-ambience locale innovativo sono le denominazioni proposte dai vari contributi di ricerca. Il distretto petrolifero rappresenta un esempio particolare di distretto industriale. Tale peculiarità è legata alla caratteristica del prodotto specifico ed alla filiera produttiva del bene in esame. È necessario fare questa precisazione, poiché nei maggiori studi in ambito accademico, nazionale ed internazionale, si è spesso “perplessi” circa l’uso del termine “distretto”, quando ci si riferisce all’ambito petrolifero. Tuttavia, per quanto siano poco riconosciuti, i distretti petroliferi sono vari. Tra i più importanti, si annoverano quelli: della Scozia, della Norvegia, per quanto riguarda l’ambito internazionale, e dell’Emilia Romagna, dell’Abruzzo, della Basilicata, in ambito nazionale. L’analisi applicativa di questo lavoro, per l’appunto, è stata proprio focalizzata sul distretto petroli-fero della Basilicata, che rappresenta uno dei poli petroliferi più importanti d’Europa, considerando il picco di produzione raggiunto nel 2005, che è stato di oltre 94.000 b/g, e le significative riserve ancora sfruttabili nel sottosuolo. Il giacimento della Val d’Agri, che si estende a Sud di Potenza, è il più grande a terra in Europa
Knowledge transfer in vertical relatioship. the case study of val d'agri oil district
No full textStructured Abstract
In the last few years, managerial and organizational disciplines have increasingly focused on knowledge management studies. KM is an innovative tool for both the managerial and organizational management change, that are linked to the environmental and markets growths (Polanyi M.,1967, Spender J. C., 1996).
The knowledge transfer has an important role in industrial chain. It puts, those who belong, in a position to actively participate in the production process; also creates a situation of equality and fairness, concerning the stock of knowledge held by individual firms, which gives companies the qualities required to work. However, not all supply chains are based on sharing mechanisms and, not always, companies operating there have equal roles, in terms of hierarchy (Marshall A.,1879, 1890, 1927). Often, industrial districts are created to exploit same resource of the area, but are characterized by being structured in a non-traditional form (compared to the Marshall District), but asymmetric, in terms of power relationships that are created inside. The case of the Val d'Agri is just a case of Hub-and-spoke District (Markusen A., 1996).
In this kind of district, business structure is dominated, inside, by one or several large companies, vertically integrated firms, surrounded by the suppliers; there are substantial intra-district trade among dominant firms and suppliers, governed by long-term contracts and commitments (Markusen A., 1996). The study refers to the district's most important oil Italy, that of Basilicata, born in the Val d'Agri in the late eighties (ENI, 2011). The discovery of the Val d'Agri oil field, which extends south of Potenza and is the largest on land of the Old Continent (provides over 85% of Italian production), was made by ENI in 1988.
Today, Basilicata is one of the most important petroleum poles of Europe, according to data from the Office of the Mining Ministry of Economic Development (Umnig), the production of 2009 was almost 59,000 barrels/day, in 2010 have been extracted 919,218,496 standard cubic meters (smc) of natural gas and 2,843,935,610 kg of crude oil, the latter almost completely extracted by Eni in the Val d'Agri (with a peak that was recorded in 2005 with more than 94,000 b/g) and with significant untapped reserves in the ground that will determine, in an economic activity for at least the next 30-40 years. Around the Val d'Agri oil orbit about 80 companies (of which 24 local), the most important sectors of mining, hydrocarbons and services, employing over 200 workers (one hundred Lucanian), amounting to about 1500 with the induced (Confindustria, 2010). Numbers varying according to the growing activities and the field development.
Purpose - We intend to analyze the workings of oil districts and cluster dynamics, focusing on sector specific knowledge. We want to understand the relationships between companies in the cluster on how they transfer and share knowledge.
Design/methodology/approach – We propose an empirical approach. This work will start providing an analysis of the main characteristics of the cultural and relational environment of knowledge management, in order to identify the main issues that can impact the development process of knowledge transfer.
The study consists of two parts, equally important: first, an analysis of the main national and international literature on the field (knowledge management, industrial districts, oilfield environment) both in an economic than in a managerial perspective; then an empirical analysis ad hoc regarding the role that knowledge transfer and sharing assume in vertical relationship which are characteristic of Hub-and-Spoke District.
Originality/value – This methodology puts in evidence ????
Practical implications – The outcomes of the application puts in evidence the peculiarity of an oil district, because the birth of this form of district is closely related to land resources. In addition, national laws and regulations that govern the exploitation of oil in Italy, create positions of power within the production chain, which alter the relationship between the companies, compared to what happens in the traditional type of Marshallian districts
Strategic Knowledge Management in Consulting Firms
No full textKnowledge belongs to those intangible and untouchable assets that differentiate an organization from the others. Knowledge transfer is a complex process that represents a key element of an enterprise’s competitiveness, both inter and intra organizational, because it corresponds to a distinctive trait, as their competitive advantage is especially grounded on those resources which are difficult to imitate and to acquire on the market. In a technology-driven era human resources, charged with knowledge and personal features, become the true element of dis-crimination between the organizations. Of particular interest is the study of KM implementation and effect of knowledge transfer process in consulting firms, whose services encompass in it both an immaterial and an explicit component. The aim of this work, which represents a Research Paper in Progress, is to study if and how the manager of consulting firm transfers to its clients the necessary knowledge to the development of their businesses
Understanding Pain Construction from Nociception through a Novel Mutation in Nerve Growth Factor
No full textPain is an important physiological function, whose primary role is to preserve an organism’s integrity. Disruption of the nociception transduction chain results in the inability to perceive pain. Among these “painlessness” pathologies, Hereditary Sensory and Autonomic Neuropathy type V (HSAN V) is caused by the 661C>T transition in the ngf gene, resulting in the R100W missense mutation in mature Nerve Growth Factor (NGF), in keeping with the key role of this neurotrophin in the development of nociceptors and in their function in the adult . Homozygous HSAN V patients display indifference to noxious stimuli but, no cognitive deficits. In contrast, heterozygous carriers do not show an overt clinical phenotype and have been identified only through pedigree and genetic screening. Considering the particular features of HSAN V patients, I hypothesized that the R100W mutation might cause a dissociation between the actions of NGF on the central and peripheral nervous systems. To test this hypothesis and understand the mechanisms underlying the HSAN V phenotype, I generated a transgenic mouse line harboring the human 661C>T mutation in the human ngf gene. Homozygous NGFR100W/R100W mice were born normal, but failed to reach the first month of age. This early lethality could be due to reduced NGF bioavailability and, indeed, was rescued by continuous treatment, during development and the early postnatal life, with wild type NGF. In contrast, heterozygous NGFR100W/m mice grew normally but displayed impaired nociception, despite Dorsal Root Ganglia (DRGs) neurons being morphologically normal. On the other hand, skin innervation was reduced. The NGFR100W protein showed reduced capability to activate pain-specific signalling, paralleling its reduced ability to induce mechanical allodynia. Surprisingly, NGFR100W/m mice, unlike heterozygous mNGF+/- mice, showed no learning nor memory deficits, despite a reduction in secretion and brain levels of NGF. These results prove the hypothesized dissociation between the peripheral and central actions of NGF, prompting me to investigate if the R100W mutation might affect brain elaboration of pain. To address this issue, I used the fear conditioning test and found that NGFR100W/m mice, despite normal nociceptive responses to a painful conditioning stimulus, showed a deficit in learned fear. Strikingly, their innate fear responses were normal. This was accompanied by a reduced activation of brain regions involved in pain processing and in the generation of task-related motor responses. I also found a decreased density of CGRP-positive fibers in the amygdala, which can provide a mechanistic explanation of the reduced fear response. On the other hand, the expression of endogenous analgesic peptides, namely β-endorphin and oxytocin, was decreased in NGFR100W/m mice, suggesting a different set point of the homeostatic pain/analgesia system, as a consequence of a prolonged reduction of afferent pain signals. Consistent with these findings in mice, data collected in humans showed that heterozygous R100W carriers, despite having a normal pain threshold, had a decreased urgency to react to a painful stimulus, along with impaired ability to integrate sensory information with behavioral task requirements. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) revealed, in accordance with mouse data, an altered processing of painful stimuli in brain areas involved in pain processing. These findings demonstrate an uncoupling of nociceptive signals from their central elaboration, leading to altered interpretation and meaning attributed to painful stimuli in human HSAN V carriers and heterozygous NGFR100W/m mice.
In addition to clarify the role of NGF in transduction of nociceptive inputs, these data also demonstrate that NGF is at the center of a regulation system linking peripheral nociception to the brain processes responsible for constructing painful perceptions and pain-related memories. Moreover, the peculiar effects of NGFR100W could be exploited to open new avenues for treating conditions of chronic pain
Gli agriturismi in Campania: terra o mare?
No full textLa realtà dell’azienda agrituristica rappresenta una tematica di ricerca poco affrontata ed analizzata dagli studi gestionali ed aziendali: la diffusione di questa tipologia di azienda, nel nostro paese, è in grande aumento e, anche nella regione Campania, si sta assistendo ad un continuo incremento di tale tipologia di offerta turistica. L’attività agrituristica rappresenta un importante strumento per il recupero delle aree interne sia dal punto di vista produttivo che sociale ed ambientale.
L’agriturismo nasce come tipologia di offerta di accoglienza alternativa, rispetto all’offerta alberghiera, ed è caratterizzata da una grande commistione tra la realtà agricola in senso proprio (tutti gli agriturismi nascono come attività complementare e di sostegno all’attività dell’impresa agricola già esistente) e la realtà di offerta di accoglienza turistica. L’agriturismo è, quindi, turismo in agricoltura: è un turismo che ha degli obiettivi di svago, di vacanza, d’interesse che sono fortemente legati al contesto agricolo. L'obiettivo del presente lavoro è quello di studiare la frequentazione degli agriturismi, nella regione Campania, tracciandone le caratteristiche peculiari ed identificando le differenze tra le locations di mare e di montagna. Il paper è un lavoro di ricerca applicativa, effettuato tramite l'analisi dei dati reperiti attraverso la somministrazione di questionari, appositamente strutturati, ad un campione di aziende, suddivise per province di appartenenza
The Management, Sharing and Transfer of Knowledge in the Oil Districts - The Case Study of An Italian District
Full text linkOpportunismo o imprenditorialità nell’impresa agrituristica: uno studio sulla realtà campana.
No full textIn un mondo sempre più industrializzato, le aziende agrituristiche rappresentano uno dei pochi rifugi per tutte quelle persone che vogliono fuggire dalla città e dal suo inquinamento.
Negli ultimi anni, abbiamo assistito al proliferare di questa tipologia d'azienda, nelle location più disparate.
La regione Campania è caratterizzata da un territorio geograficamente variegato, che comprende sia località marine, sia collinari, sia montuose. L'indagine svolta, partendo da un censimento degli agriturismi campani, ha cercato, attraverso l'analisi di dati appositamente raccolti mediante la somministrazione di un questionario creato ad hoc, di tracciare gli elementi chiave della personalità dell'imprenditore agrituristico e valutare l'efficacia di questa tipologia d'azienda
Gas Family Businesses
Full text linkThe internalization of family businesses– i.e. of the companies that
implement it - can be stimulated by numerous reasons: one of these is linked to the
target markets, not in terms of market development, but of resource to be used /
exploited. What makes the oil companies distinguishing is that: they follow the
territory and the exploitation of the underground resources, wherever they are in
the world. In the Italian context, this characteristic of oilfield companies is very
noticeable due to the scarcity of underground resources, which characterize our
territory. We propose an empirical approach. It has been considered the case of a
specific Italian Oil&Gas family firm. The study consists of: a first part, in which
an analysis of the main economic and managerial literature, both national and
international, was made (on internationalization, SMEs and family businesses,
industrial districts, oilfield environment); a second part, in which an empirical
analysis was developed: interviews have been conducted with the owners and top
management of the company, in order to study and analyze the firm development
strategies
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