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Drivers of time and quality performances in NPD. A multivariate analysis with interactions in B2B firms
No full textProduct Development Time Performance: Investigating the Effect of Interactions between Drivers
No full textRapid and punctual new, product development (NPD) has become a top priority in many organizations as competitors rush to commercialize emerging technologies and to satisfy customer needs.
Despite the importance of this issue, conceptual models or systematic testing of specific drivers that could improve time performances in NPD tire few and far between. There is, however, a lack of extensive empirical research into whether "interactions" between different drivers affect time performances. This article aims to invesligate whether drivers call interact and can in uence tillie per a "synergistic" effect.
A survey was carried out in order to study the effects of two-way driver interactions oil "launch on time" and "launch against all accelerated schedule. Three groups of drivers within the development-process, organizatiotial-mechansims, and strategic-capabilities were considered. As this is an exploratory study, two-way interactions between drivers of different groups were analyzed in order to detect which drivers had a synergistic effect on time performances. The study was based oil a sample of 85 manufacturing firms producing mainly industrial goods. The NPD program within each company was considered, i.e., the new products developed and launched in the last three years.
The statistical approach used is suitable for exploratory surveys. In the phase, the G-correlation test was used to verify the effects of single drivers in order to hell) interpret the results regarding two-way driver interactions. In the second formed with both phase, regression models with two-way driver interaction were per linear and logistic regression in order to discover which significant models had a significant driver interaction.
The resulting 13 models showed that interactions played an important role in determining time performances. The following are some of the most interesting results, as they have managerial implications. The NP Strategic Guide (clear definition and communication of new product goals) interacts with and enhances the de influence of other drivers, such as predevelopment tasks, project manager use, and supplier and customer involvement. Technological and up-front staff capabilities create important interactions with product definition and with customer involvement, which avoids development delays. Furthermore, the authors of this study discovered that the adoption of an overlapping approach without a high level of interfunctional team use may not be time efficient. Thus, if a firm has to work to a tight development schedule, it should seek and should integrate any possible synergistic effects between team use and overlapping development phases.
The insights into interactions provide useful information that can be used when setting priorities and can help to attain higher performances by adopting a combination of selected drivers. In particular, the best practices, which many studies have highlighted, do influence time performances that depend mainly on the so-called strategic-capabilities drivers. These latter variables, unlike practices and activities, require a complex learning process. The path toward improvements within the development-process requires both long periods of time and an integrated view of the process; hence, improvements cannot be achieved by simply applying common practices. Therefore, analysis of interactions within the NPD field looks promising and requires further study
Un nuovo percorso di analisi multivariata in SAS per lo studio dello sviluppo nuovi prodotti
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Distinte di pianificazione: strumento di gestione della produzione e della varietà di prodotto
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