1,721,088 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Whole genome sequencing method for Neisseria gonorrhoeae using Oxford nanopore to detect antimicrobial resistance and aid epidemiology
Get PDFNeisseria gonorrhoeae is currently Scotland’s second most prevalent bacterial sexually transmitted infection (STI), with approximately 4,000 infections recorded during 2019. N. gonorrhoeae remains a national and global threat as the pathogen has developed resistance to ceftriaxone, which is the first-line treatment option available within the United Kingdom, so resistance poses a significant risk to the treatment of gonorrhoea. This creates a need for the development of a quick and accurate diagnostic tool for assisting in disease epidemiology and outbreak tracing to aid public health and patient management. The aim is to establish a whole genome sequencing (WGS) method using Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) to replace conventional sequencing with Sanger using N. gonorrhoeae multi-antigen sequencing typing (NG-MAST) and enable genotypic resistance detection
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
A novel amplicon-based sequencing method for HRSV genotyping
Get PDFINTRODUCTION:
Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus (HRSV) is considered the etiologic agent of diseases of the respiratory system with the greatest paediatric importance in the world. It is identified in children aged between zero and five years, who have respiratory failure, pneumonia, and bronchiolitis. It affects about 95% of children in their first two years of life and some adults although mainly the elderly and immunocompromised. Two antigenic subgroups of HRSV have been described, named A and B, both of which circulate separately or simultaneously during epidemics.
The COVID-19 pandemic has led to significant changes in the transmission dynamics of other respiratory viruses including HRSV in children. The autumn and winter seasons of 2020/21 saw almost no cases of HRSV in the United Kingdom and Ireland. An increase in HRSV cases was observed in July2021 and peaked in August, which is out of season for the UK as cases usually occur in November/December. In response to this, a National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) study was funded called The BronchStart and which collects data from patients with HRSV infection such as age, sex, clinical severity on presentation, treatment received and outcomes (discharge/hospital admission/PICU admission). Also in 2021, the WHO has established an online repository of HRSV whole genome sequences (GISAID). To contribute to these studies and to aid laboratories worldwide to be able to readily sequence HRSV, we designed a novel short amplicon approach for sequencing complete HRSV genomes, which can be adapted from existing SARS-CoV-2 sequencing methodologies.
METHODS:
We developed our own primer scheme for a shorter amplicon-based sequencing approach to be used in the existing SARS-CoV-2 sequencing infrastructure. A total of 6 HRSV A and 6 HRSV B genomes, with collection dates spanning 2019 to 2021, and locations spanning the UK, Australia and South Africa were used to develop the primers using Primal Scheme, resulting in two tiled ~400bp amplicon schemes for HRSV A and HRSV B. To validate the method, we selected NHS Lothian (Edinburgh, Scotland) HRSV samples from 2019 to 2022 and followed the ARTIC-loCost-v3 nanopore library preparation method, with modifications. Data analysis was performed using an in-house version of the “fieldbioinformatics” pipeline.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION:
The short amplicon-based approach provided PCR products which could be taken forward to nanopore library preparation and sequencing. We tested these in a subsection of our sample pool from 2019 to 2022 with a range of different Ct values. From 45 clinical samples for HRSV A, 39 (86.7%) showed genome completeness above 90%, with a median genome completeness across all HRSV A samples of 96.6%. For HRSV B, 39 (86.7%) out of 45 clinical samples showed genome completeness above 90%, with a median genome completeness of 97.2%.
Future work includes determining the Ct cut off to find the upper limit for successful sequencing, testing of primer schemes on Illumina sequencing platforms, and efforts will be made to identify primers that can be spiked in to combat amplicon dropouts.
CONCLUSION:
There is a clear need to develop more protocols for Whole Genome Sequencing for HRSV and to submit new data to GISAID aiming to contribute to the study of epidemiology of HRSV. This will assist in the knowledge of viral circulation and in the prevention of future public health problems. We developed an effective and easy-to-use tiled amplicon approach for HRSV which will be able to be used in existing SARS-CoV-2 sequencing infrastructures, allowing high throughput HRSV WGS
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