2,309 research outputs found
Integrated disease management using environmental control in tea fields
No full textThe occurrence of plant disease depends on interactions between the host plant, a pathogen, and the environment in a dynamic called "the disease triangle". Bacterial shoot blight (BSB) disease, caused by _Pseudomonas syringae_ pv. _theae_ (_Pst_), is a major bacterial disease of tea plants in Japan and substantially reduces tea productivity. BSB mainly occurs in the low-temperature season, and lesion formation by _Pst_ is enhanced by both low temperature and the presence of ice nucleation-active _Xanthomonas campestris_ (INAX), which catalyses ice formation at -2 to -4^o^C and is frequently co-isolated with _Pst_ from tea plants^5^. Low temperature is thus the most important environmental factor to influence the incident; however, the effects of environmental controls in fields on the occurrence of the disease are poorly understood. Here we show that the natural incidence of BSB in the field is closely related to low temperatures in late autumn. Frost protection in late autumn, which protected tea plants against extremely low temperatures, significantly decreased the incidence of BSB, and frost protection combined with bactericide application held the incident under the economic threshold level. Our data indicate that environmental control in the field based on microbial interactions in the host offers a new strategy for plant disease control using integrated plant disease management based on the disease triangle concept
Tea Tales – India’s ever evolving chai culture
No full textAs we observed International Tea Day on May 21, to peek into the vibrant history of chai and chai tapris in India, Village Square spoke to Arup K Chatterjee, professor of English at OP Jindal Global University. He is the author of widely acclaimed books including, The Purveyors of Destiny: A Cultural Biography of the Indian Railways and The Great Indian Railways
Data products and software for `X-ray diagnostics of Cassiopeia A's "Green Monster": evidence for dense shocked circumstellar plasma`
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<h2>Data Reproduction Package for the publication ‘X-ray diagnostics of Cassiopeia A’s “Green Monster”: evidence for dense shocked circumstellar plasma’</h2>
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<h3>Authors: Jacco Vink, Manan Agarwal, Patrick Slane, Ilse De Looze, Dan Milisavljevic, Daniel Patnaude, and Tea Temim.</h3>
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<h3>Link to paper: <a href="https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ad2fc5">https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ad2fc5</a> </h3>
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<h4>This package was prepared by Jacco Vink and Manan Agarwal (University of Amsterdam)</h4>
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<h3>Summary</h3>
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<p>This data reproduction package contains the data files in FITS format used to<br>generate the figures in the paper. The data files concern the revised manuscript, which incorporates changes made in response to the journal’s referee report.</p>
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<p>The paper is based on Chandra X-ray Observatory (CXO) data of Cassiopeia A taken in 2004. The raw archival data used, maintained by the Chandra Data Archive, can be retrieved using the following DOI link: <a href="https://doi.org/10.25574/cdc.209">https://doi.org/10.25574/cdc.209</a>.</p>
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<p>Additional James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) data are stored at the Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes (MAST) at the Space Telescope Science Institute. The data used in the paper can be downloaded through DOI link <a href="https://doi.org/10.17909/szf2-bg42">https://doi.org/10.17909/szf2-bg42</a>.</p>
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<p>The data produced from the above raw data are stored in the files:</p>
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<li>green_monster_image_data.tar.gz</li>
<li>spectral_files_and_models.tar.gz</li>
<li>imaging_and_pca_code.tar.gz</li>
<li>green_monster_pca_input_output.tar.gz</li>
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<p>The repository contains JWST/MIRI mosaics of Cassiopeia A which are described in detail in the paper "A JWST Survey of the Supernova Remnant Cassiopeia A", by D. Milisavljevic, T. Temim, I. De Looze, et al.; see https://arxiv.org/abs/2401.02477, to be published in ApJ letters.<br> </p>
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Investigation on Rosehip Fruit Tea, Linden Herbal Tea, Sage Herbal Tea and Green Tea-are thay acidic or not?
No full textTea is a widely-consumed daily life product, which is claimed to be very
advantageous for health. But it may have negative effects on health, too. Consuming
tea with a hungry stomach causes stomachache, and doctors say that this is because
the tea is acidic. This investigation aims to determine if four types of teas (Rosehip
Fruit tea, Linden Herbal Tea, Sage Herbal Tea and Gren Tea with Lemon) are acidic
or not.
This investigation is important in the sense that the way the tea is consumed may be
limited. Determining if the tea is acidic or not may effect the habits of many people
about tea consumption. In order to determine if the tea is acidic or not, I used the
titration method. Titration is a technique in which the molarity of a solution can be
found by using a strong base or acid with a known molarity and volume.
At the end of my trials, I found out that these four types of teas are all acidic. These
results showed me that Rosehip Fruit Tea is the most acidic one among all, and the
Linden Herbal Tea is the one closest to the neutral. When an order is made between
the acidities tea types, I reached to the conclusion below:
Rosehip tea > Green tea with Lemon > Sage tea > Linden te
Tea Industry: Focus on Kenya
No full textAbstract: Tea is an important commodity in East Africa. Kenya is the major tea producer, followed by Uganda, Tanzania, and Rwanda. The growth in the tea sector has led to development of Kenya’s economy. Tea sector in Kenya is dominated by smallholders along with investments by private companies. East African Tea Trade Association (EATTA) was formed to develop the tea trade in Africa. Kenyan tea sector is also facing challenges, such as lack of infrastructure for transport, restrictions in government policies, climate change and the competition to Mombasa tea auction from Dubai auction centre.
Keywords: Tea, Kenya, Mombasa auctions, China, India, CTC, Orthodox.
Title: Tea Industry: Focus on Kenya
Author: Srinivas Anand Sriram
International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations
ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)
Vol. 10, Issue 2, October 2022 - March 2023
Page No: 208-211
Research Publish Journals
Website: www.researchpublish.com
Published Date: 15-November-2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7323440
Paper Download Link (Source)
https://www.researchpublish.com/papers/tea-industry-focus-on-kenyaInternational Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations, ISSN 2348-7585 (Online), Research Publish Journals, Website: www.researchpublish.co
Multi-wavelength observations of pulsar wind nebulae and composite supernova remnants.
No full textUniversity of Minnesota Ph.D. dissertation. October 2009. Major: Astrophysics. Advisors: Charles E. Woodward and Robert D. Gehrz. 1 computer file (PDF); xiii, 183 pages.Multi-wavelength studies of pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe) and supernova remnants (SNRs) lead to a better understanding of their evolutionary development, the interaction of supernovae (SNe) and pulsar winds with their surroundings, and nucleosynthesis and production and processing of dust grains by SNe. PWNe and composite supernova remnants, in particular, are unique laboratories for the study of the energetic pulsar winds, particle injection processes, and the impact of PWNe on the evolving SNR. They provide information on SNR shock properties, densities and temperatures, and the chemical composition and the ionization state of the material ejected by SNe. SNRs also serve as laboratories for the study of dust production and processing in SNe. While X-ray observations yield important information about the SN progenitor, hot gas properties, SN explosion energy, and the surrounding interstellar medium (ISM), the IR can provide crucial information about the faint non-thermal emission, continuum emission from dust, and forbidden line emission from SN ejecta. Combining observations at a wide range of wavelengths provides a more complete picture of the SNR development and helps better constrain current models describing a SNR's evolution and its impact on the surrounding medium. This thesis focuses on a multi-wavelength study of PWNe in various stages of their evolution and investigates their interaction with the expanding SN ejecta and dust and the SNR reverse shock. The study of these interactions can provide important information on the SNR properties that may otherwise be unobservable.Temim, Tea. (2009). Multi-wavelength observations of pulsar wind nebulae and composite supernova remnants.. Retrieved from the University Digital Conservancy, https://hdl.handle.net/11299/57372
Using JWST to Investigate the Crab Nebula’s Synchrotron Emission
No full textThis work takes advantage of the James Webb Space Telescope’s (JWST) 1.6 − 30 μm observing
range and provides one of the first looks at the variations in the Crab Nebula’s synchrotron index in
the mid infrared. We used new, synchrotron-dominated images of the Crab Nebula taken at 4.8 μm
and 11.3 μm to search for evidence of a cooling break and multiple particle populations in the Crab
Nebula’s infrared synchrotron spectrum. We created a high resolution, spectral index map between
4.8 μm and 11.3 μm to investigate the spectral and morphological distribution of ultra-relativistic
particles in the Crab Nebula. We found that the JWST 4.8 μm to 11.3 μm spectral index, α,
steepens from ∼ 0.4 ± 0.02 in the torus and ∼ 0.5 ± 0.02 in the jet structures to ∼ 0.65 ± 0.04 in the
outer parts of the nebula, indicating the synchrotron cooling persists in the infrared. The spectral
index also steepens faster towards the southwest (bottom right) edge of the nebula compared to the
other edges, potentially indicating the existence of multiple particle populations within the nebula.
We filled in the Crab Nebula’s synchrotron spectrum in the mid-infrared by finding the total flux
through the two JWST images and using the index map to derive the synchrotron flux at 5.6 μm,
18 μm, and 21 μm. We found that the Spitzer 3.6 μm and 4.5 μm, JWST 4.8 μm and 11.3 μm, and
derived 5.6 μm, 18.0 μm, and 21.0 μm fluxes follow a power law relationship of gradually changing
slope that increases with increasing frequency within the uncertainties. This change in slope along
with synchrotron cooling indicated by the JWST 4.8 μm to 11.3 μm spectral index map indicates a
cooling break between the radio and near infrared
Chado: The Japanese Way of Tea
No full textNot peer reviewedJapanese tea ceremony -- Study and teaching.Japanese tea ceremony -- Philosophy.Japanese tea ceremony -- Japan -- HistoryJapanese tea ceremony -- Study and teachingJapanese tea ceremony -- Philosoph
Chado: The Japanese Way of Tea
No full textNot peer reviewedJapanese tea ceremony -- Japan -- History.Japanese tea ceremony -- Study and teaching.Japanese tea ceremony -- Philosophy
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