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Colonial Policy of Power Devolution in Southern Cameroons and Ambivalence of British Intentions
Get PDFThis article examines the efforts made by the British colonial authorities in the devolution of power to indigenes in British Southern Cameroons. With the ousting of the Germans in 1916 and establishment of British rule, the Indirect Rule System was introduced and Native Authorities were created all over the territory and empowered to manage local affairs. After the Second World War, these units were granted more autonomy and authority in the administration of their areas of jurisdiction. They collected taxes, administer justice and provided local services to their people. Though attempts were made at devolving power, the British intentions were ambiguous as the process had some socio-economic undertones. However vague their intentions were, they initiated the indigenes into the skills of modern governance
Customary courts’ system in West Cameroon: reforms and conflict with the federal administration
Get PDFThis article discussed the customary courts’ system in West Cameroon from 1961 to 1968. It argued that these institutions or system of justice was inherited from the British colonial authorities in 1961 by the Federal government of Cameroon. It further held that it continued without any interference from the Federal Government in West Cameroon until 1966, when the former favoured reforms that could reduce their authority (Customary Courts). It called for the reduction of their powers and a transfer of the control of these institutions from West Cameroon Ministry of Local Governments to the Federal Ministry of Justice. This was rejected by the West Cameroon Government which instead instituted reforms that were to make them more productive. It was due to these efforts by the West Cameroon Government that these institutions survived and were not infiltrated by the Federal Administration until the unification of Cameroon in 1972.Keywords: Conflict, Customary Courts, Federal Government, Reforms and West Cameroo
Proliferation of native courts in Wum District, Southern Cameroons, 1921 – 1939
No full textThe paper discusses the proliferation of native courts in Wum District from 1921 to 1939. Using mostly archival materials from the Buea National Archives and the thematic and chronological approaches in analysing data, it argues that ethnic differences, communication difficulties and the feeling of superiority by some chiefs over their counterparts brought disunity and inefficiency and the management of the affairs of the courts became derisory. This therefore necessitated the creation of more institutions in order to minimise these problems. In spite of this move, arrogance, pride and attempts at dominating some court members especially those hosting the institutions as well as injustices perpetuated by some judges on litigants, led to requests for the creation of new courts by clans as the only means through which these vices would be avoided. It was because of these factors and requests from the people of Wum District that the Weh native court that served the entire District was dissolved and those of Wum, Fungom and Bum created in 1928. The creation of these courts never satisfactorily took care of the problems hitherto experienced in the Weh court as the Wum court was subsequently split into two, Mukuru and Aghem. The Fungom court also witnessed structural changes as its headquarters was moved from Fungom village to Zhoa. This Court in Zhoa became a court of Appeal for the Fungom area and four minor courts were further created to serve this administrative unit
The federal administration permeating the west cameroon local government system in a reunited cameroon 1961–1972
No full textUrbanization and the Development of Informal Activities in the City of Bamenda and Environs, 1988-2010
Get PDFUrbanisation has been one of the greatest ingredients for the proliferation of informal activities in developing countries in general and Cameroon in particular. This has been catalysed by increase in population as individuals tussle for economic survival. This is true with the case of the city of Bamenda and environs where informal activities constituted the thrust of economic occupations between 1998 and 2010. With the advent of economic crisis in Cameroon in 1988 and ensuing economic hardship, migrants anticipating for myriad opportunities moved into the area. However, their desires were shattered when they would not find or catchup with their desired dreams. The resultant effect was the quest for informal activities that would provide for their livelihoods and better their standards of living. It is because of this that the study contends that, though the inception of the economic crisis in Cameroon and the budding educational establishments in Bamenda and environs facilitated population growth and urbanisation of the area as well as the proliferation of informal activities, increased crimewaves, unemployment, poor infrastructural development, poor living standards, high cost of transportation and administrative bottlenecks, inadequate finances and the unstable nature of students’ residencies were impedimental to the benefits that goes along with such developments and greatly worked against the advancement of the area
Relevance of pottery on traditional African economy: an ethnoarchaeological case study of north-east Yoruba land
No full textThis study probes the relevance of potteries in archaeological records in the reconstruction of traditional African economy as shown among the people of North-East Yoruba land of Nigeria. The use of ethnoarchaeological paradigms in the study of potteries, which has been employed in this study, can shed immense lights on various aspects of the past. The study of potteries emboldens scientific study of traditional economies. Data from the study show the relevance of pottery analysis on the trado-economy of Africa. It is recommended that economy planners of Africa might need to study the production, distribution and use of pottery wares in the past so as to understand how the ancients lived and flourished
Interests Determining friendly relations between the German Colonial Authorities and the Chiefs of Wum Area, Kamerun
Get PDFThe paper argues that German colonial interests determined the nature of relations with chiefs. Where colonial policies were welcomed and protected wholeheartedly by the colonized, they became friends to the Germans and when they acted ultra-varies they were considered enemies. Collaboration from the Cameroon Chiefs came not because they cherished the Germans but because of fear of reprimand. This explains why the chiefs of Wum, Area disserted the Germans and went in support of the invading Allied Forces in 1916 hoping that they would be saved from the highhandedness of the Germans
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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