1,720,981 research outputs found
Proton pump inhibitors and the development of diabetes and its complications: A risk hidden in the shadows?
No full textProduct Attributes And Purchasing Behaviour: How Parents’ Food Choices Can Act On Their Children’s Bmi? Empirical Evidence From A Case Study“
No full textBackground: Given the epidemic proportions and economic costs associated with nutrition related diseases in Western countries, an empirical study was carried-out between September and December 2014 in Campania, the Italian region with the highest prevalence of obese children. Methods: The survey was conducted in a secondary school and involved 145 children, aged 11 to 14, and their parents, with the ultimate aim of studying the relationship between the behaviour of parents regarding the use of nutrition labels, the attention to product quality and the body weight of their children. Results: The results from our study showed that unhealthy diet concerned stems from the misguided food choices of their parents, who are responsible for their children's dietary habits, lifestyle and body weight. Conclusion: In order to incentivise adults and young people to change their food choices and eating behaviour in favour of healthy and sustainable lifestyles, some useful measures could involve the improvement of political marketing and advertising, labelling clarity and better information and awareness campaigns to do sport and eat healthily. Finally some recent patents related to healthy reformulated food products and communication strategies, with specific regard to healthy eating, have been reviewed
Gastric cancer prevention strategies: A global perspective
Full text linkGastric cancer (GC) is the fifth most common cancer worldwide, and mortality rates are still high. Primary preventive strategies, aimed to reduce risk factors and promote protective ones, will lead to a decrease in GC incidence. Helicobacter pylori infection is a well-established carcinogen for GC, and its eradication is recommended as the best strategy for the primary prevention. However, the role of other factors such as lifestyle, diet, and drug use is still under debate in GC carcinogenesis. Unfortunately, most patients with GC are diagnosed at late stages when treatment is often ineffective. Neoplastic transformation of the gastric mucosa is a multistep process, and appropriate diagnosis and management of preneoplastic conditions can reduce GC-related mortality. Several screening strategies in relation to GC incidence have been proposed in order to detect neoplastic lesions at early stages. The efficacy of screening strategies in reducing GC mortality needs to be confirmed. This review provides an overview of current international guidelines and recent literature on primary and secondary prevention strategies for GC
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Side effects of long-term use of proton pump inhibitors: Practical considerations
Full text linkProton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are among the most commonly prescribed drugs due to the increasing incidence of acid-related disorders, but a large number of prescriptions are issued with inappropriate indications. Despite PPIs being effective and well tolerated, there have been growing concerns about potential adverse effects associated with long-term use of these drugs. Indeed, pharmacovigilance agencies have issued broad-based product warnings on the association between treatment with PPIs and long-term complications, including increased risk of fractures and impaired magnesium absorption. On the contrary, despite plausible underlying biological mechanisms, the available clinical evidence for most side effects is weak or contradictory, and the benefits of PPI treatment seem to outweigh the potential adverse effects. This review aims to discuss the most important and established side effects of long-term use of PPIs and provide practical considerations for their clinical management
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