1,720,963 research outputs found
In vitro activity of propyl gallate-azole drug combination against fluconazole- and itraconazole-resistant Candida albicans strains
No full textAims: The influence of an antioxidant, propyl gallate (PG), on the In vitro antifungal activity of itraconazole and fluconazole, was investigated to determine whether PG could increase the antifungal activity and reduce strain resistance. Methods and Results: Susceptibility tests were performed against azole-resistant isolates of Candida albicans by the microbroth dilution method in the presence of PG at 400 mug ml(-1). PG-triazole combination brought about a marked reduction of inhibitory azole concentration. In particular, the MIC90 for itraconazole and fluconazole dropped from 1 mug ml(-1) to 0.125 mug ml(-1) and from >64 mug ml(-1)-8 mug ml(-1), respectively. Conclusions: It is likely that more than one mechanism is involved in the above synergistic interaction, including effects of PG on ATP synthesis, thus reducing the ABC transporters activity, or an effect on the target of azole, i.e. the P-450 cytochrome. Significance and Impact of the Study: The PG-triazole combination may have a role in future topical antifungal strategies but other studies are warranted
ATTIVITA' ANTIBATTERICA ED ANTIFUNGINA DELLA PROPOLI
No full textSamples of wax-removal propolis by a cold working and physic extractive method
*E.P.I.D.® and crude propolis , were investigated for their antibacterial and fungicidal activity against
clinical isolates Gram-positive strains and fungi.
All the samples were active against tested microrganisms .
E.P.I.D® propolis compared with crude propolis, shows a better antimicrobial activity against bacterial
strains with MICs ranging from 0,156 to 1,25 mg/ml and fungi ranging from 0,6-5 mg/ml for
Candida spp. and from 2,5-5 mg/ml against dermathophytes.
Introduzione
La propoli è una sostanza resinosa prodotta dalle api
bottonatrici raccolta da diverse piante, da molto tempo
conosciuta per le sue caratteristiche farmacologiche.
Essa è raccolta dalle api in particolare dall’Apis
mellifera, dai germogli, foglie e cortecce di differenti
piante (betulle, pioppi, olmi etc.) , successivamente
trasformata da enzimi presenti nella saliva.
Viene utilizzata dalle api stesse per restringere l’ingresso
dell’alveare, per chiudere le fessure presenti
nell’arnia e per imbalsamare eventuali insetti predatori
uccisi, dopo un’invasione dell’alveare.
E’ usata come “medicamento alternativo”,in infezioni
otorinolaringoiatriche, in odontoiatria, gastroenterologia,
e in infezioni ginecologiche.
Le proprietà antibatteriche e antifungine della propoli
sono note, ma la sua efficacia è correlata all’origine
geografica, a causa della diversa composizione
chimica dovuta alle diverse piante. (2)
Tra i vari costituenti: cere, resine, balsami, olii essenziali,
acidi aromatici, polline e costituenti polifenolici con predominanza
di composti a struttura flavonoide, aldeidi,
acido benzoico e caffeico sono le più importanti sostanze
riscontrate nella composizione della propoli, la loro
quantità è dipendente dal luogo e dal tempo di raccolta.
Sono sta
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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