499 research outputs found
DIE DRIETALIGE INSKRIPSIE VAN GALLUS (29 V.C.) TE PHILAE AS CASUS BELLI
No full textNa die dood van Kleopatra in 30 v.C. word Egipte 'n Romeinse provinsie met C.
Cornelius Gallus as eerste praefectus. Dieselfde jaar nog moet hierdie goewerneur 'n
opstand in Bo-Egipte (die Theba'is) onderdruk, en vroeg in 29 v.C. het hy aandag aan
die suidelike grens van Egipte geskenk. In April van daardie jaar het hy dan ook 'n
drietalige inskripsie (Grieks, Latyn, hierogliewe)t op 'n stele voor die tempel van
Augustus te Philae aangebring. In die teks verwys Gallus na die onderdrukking van die
opstand in die Theba'is, na 'n vredesverdrag met die Meroiete ("Ethiopiers" in die
teks) en na die vestiging van die Romeinse gesag oor die sogenaamde
Triakontaschoenos
Changes in cancer incidence in the Swiss Canton of Vaud, 1978-87
No full textChanges in age-standardized cancer registration rates in the Swiss Canton of Vaud (population 530,000) over the two five-year calendar periods 1978-82 and 1983-87 were analyzed. The incidence of occurrence at lung and other tobacco-related sites remained stable (or slightly decreased in males), but showed a substantial increase in females (approximately 40%, from 6.8 to 9.5/100,000 world standard, for lung alone). Other upward trends were observed for skin in both sexes (approaching 50% for melanoma in males), female breast (+8.0%, reaching 69.5/100,000), ovary and urinary tract neoplasms. In contrast, declines were observed not only for stomach and cervix, but also for intestine, gallbladder and endometrium. Consequently, overall total cancer incidence (excluding non-melanomatous skin) declined by 1.1% in males, but increased by 2.7% in females, reaching values of 277.9 and 205.4/100,000, respectively, in 1983-87. The absence of any substantive trends in incidence for cancers of the prostate, testis, brain and multiple myeloma is of potential interest, and represents an important indicator of the uniformly high standard of monitoring by this cancer registration scheme. In a public health perspective, it is discouraging that most of the increases were restricted to cancer sites whose etiology has long been well defined, i.e., tobacco for females and sunshine or other sources of non-ionising radiation, although it is reassuring to be able to document the levelling of tobacco-related cancer incidence in males
Descriptive epidemiology of malignant brain tumors in the Swiss Canton of Vaud
No full textIncidence registration and survival data from brain neoplasms have been analyzed from the population-based system of the Cancer Registry of the Swiss Canton of Vaud, which has been operating in a particularly favorable environment for surveillance and using an integrated and homogeneous system of cancer registration. Between 1974 and 1987, a total of 401 cases was registered, corresponding to an age-adjusted rate for all malignant histotypes of 5.3/100,000 (world standard) for the period 1975-1980 and 5.0 for 1981-1987 in males, and of 3.9 and 3.7, respectively, in females. Thus, no increase in brain neoplasm incidence has taken place in this population, and indeed some decline has been observed in males, particularly for gliomas (from 2.7 to 2.0). During the most recent calendar period, incidence rates were 2.0 in males and 1.5 in females for gliomas, 0.9 in both sexes for astrocytomas, 0.4 in males and 0.1 in females for oligodendrogliomas, and 1.7 in males and 1.2 in females for other or unspecified histotypes. For both gliomas, astrocytomas and total brain neoplasms, the peak rate was observed in the age group 55-74, and some flattening of rates was registered above age 75. Overall 5-year survival was 16%. While there was no difference between sexes, survival rates were substantially lower at older (greater than or equal to 60 years, 3%) than at younger (less than 60 years, 26%) age, and for gliomas (7% at 5 years) than for other histological types. However, the histotype distribution could not explain the major difference in survival by age, since similar differences were observed for various histotypes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS
Omnia Andreae Alciati V.C. Emblemata : cum commentariis, quibus emblematum detecta origine, dubia omnia, et obscura illustrantur /
No full textEngraved title-page incorporating a portrait of the author by Jakob de Weert; woodcut illustrations of emblems throughout.Includes index.Signatures: ã⁸ ẽ⁸ ĩ⁸ A-3P⁸ 3R⁴.Landwehr, J. French, Italian, Spanish, and Portuguese emblem books,Mode of access: Internet.Bound in old vellum; ink title on spine; extensive notes on front pastedown; stamp with monogram and motto on front pastedown
Socioeconomic groups and cancer risk at death in the Swiss Canton of Vaud
No full textData collected by the Cancer Registry of the Canton of Vaud, Switzerland, were used to estimate proportional mortality ratios (PMR) and mortality odds ratios (MOR) for various neoplasms according to social class and sector of occupation (agriculture versus others). Mortality ratios were elevated in lower social classes for cancers of the lung (MOR = 1.18 for social class IV or V vs I or II) and other sites strictly related to tobacco (mouth or pharynx, oesophagus and larynx; MOR = 1.70), and (though not significantly) for cancers of the stomach (MOR = 1.16) and uterus (MOR = 1.30 for cervix and 1.47 for corpus uteri). Furthermore, there was a strong negative social class gradient for thyroid cancer (a neoplasm with particularly elevated incidence and mortality in Switzerland), probably attributable to higher prevalence of iodine deficiency in lower social classes (MOR = 3.17). Positive social class gradients emerged for cancers of the intestines (MOR = 0.77 for social class IV or V), skin (MOR = 0.74) and prostate (MOR = 0.87). Agricultural workers showed decreased ratios for cancers of the lung (MOR = 0.75), cervix uteri (MOR = 0.72) and prostate (MOR = 0.80), and excess mortality from cancers of the upper digestive and respiratory sites (MOR = 1.22), stomach (MOR = 1.18), testis (MOR = 2.05) and lympho-haematopoietic neoplasms, particularly myeloma (MOR = 2.14)
Cancer risk after radiotherapy for breast cancer
No full textAmong women with breast cancer, we compared the relative and absolute rates of subsequent cancers in 1541 women treated with radiotherapy (RT) to 4570 women not so treated (NRT), using all registered in the Swiss Vaud Cancer Registry in the period between 1978 and 1998, and followed up to December 2002. Standardised incidence ratios (SIRs) and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were based on age- and calendar year-specific incidence rates in the Vaud general population. There were 11 lung cancers in RT (SIR=1.40; 95% CI: 0.70-2.51) and 17 in NRT women (SIR=0.76; 95% CI: 0.44-1.22), 72 contralateral breast cancers in RT (SIR=1.85; 95% CI: 1.45-2.33) and 150 in NRT women (SIR=1.38; 95% CI: 1.16-1.61), and 90 other neoplasms in RT (SIR=1.37; 95% CI: 1.10-1.68) and 224 in NRT women (SIR=1.05; 95% CI: 0.91-1.19). Overall, there were 173 second neoplasms in RT women (SIR=1.54, 95% CI: 1.32-1.78) and 391 among NRT women (SIR=1.13, 95% CI: 1.02-1.25). The estimates were significantly heterogeneous. After 15 years, 20% of RT cases vs 16% of NRT cases had developed a second neoplasm. The appreciable excess risk of subsequent neoplasms after RT for breast cancer must be weighed against the approximately 5% reduction of breast cancer mortality at 15 years after RT
High constant incidence rates of second cutaneous melanomas
No full textThe incidence of most epithelial cancers rises with a power of age. However, second breast cancers have a high constant incidence independent of age. The skin is one of the few other sites allowing examination of age incidence curves of second neoplasms of the same organ. We considered the risk of second primary cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) in a population-based series of 3,439 first CMM registered and followed-up between 1974 and 2003 in the Swiss Cantons of Vaud and Neuchatel (about 786,000 inhabitants). A total of 43 cases or second CMM were observed vs. 9.3 expected, corresponding to a standardized incidence ratio (SIR) of 4.6. The SIR was 8.5 under age 50, 5.7 at age 50-59 and 3.5 at age 60 or over. At 20 years, the cumulative risk of second CMM was 5%. Age-specific incidence rates of second primary CMM did not vary across age groups 30-39 through 80+, ranging between 1 and 2.5 per 1,000 person-years. Thus, the risk of CMM is substantially increased in subjects diagnosed with a CMM, and the relative risk is greater at younger age and declines with advancing age. The high constant incidence curve of second CMM is compatible with the occurrence of a single mutational event in a population of susceptible individuals. (c) 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc
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