1,721,145 research outputs found
MICAELA LATINI, ELENA TAVANI (A CURA DI), Paradigmi 3/2023 Settembre-Dicembre, vol. XLI. Connected Images: New Paradigms for Aesthetic Experience
No full textMICAELA LATINI, ELENA TAVANI (A CURA DI), Paradigmi 3/2023 Settembre-Dicembre, vol. XLI. Connected Images: New Paradigms for Aesthetic Experience, Bologna: Il Mulino, 2023, p. 190, €31. ISBN 978-88-15-38505-5MICAELA LATINI, ELENA TAVANI (A CURA DI), Paradigmi 3/2023 Settembre-Dicembre, vol. XLI. Connected Images: New Paradigms for Aesthetic Experience, Bologna: Il Mulino, 2023, p. 190, €31. ISBN 978-88-15-38505-
COFFEE INTAKE AND RISK OF HIP FRACTURE IN WOMEN IN NORTHERN ITALY
No full textBackground. Information on a possible relation between coffee, caffeine, and other methylxanthine-containing beverages and hip fracture is relatively scanty and controversial. We present here the results of a case-control study conducted in northern Italy. Methods. A total of 279 cases of hip fracture and 1,061 controls in hospital for acute, nonneoplastic nontraumatic, non-hormone-related diseases were interviewed during their hospital stay. Odds ratios (OR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) according to consumption of coffee and other methylxanthine-containing beverages were derived from multiple logistic regression equations including terms for age, education, body mass index, smoking status, alcohol drinking, calcium intake, menopausal status, and estrogen replacement therapy. Results. Compared with nondrinkers, the OR was 1.2 (95% CI, 0.8 to 1.7) for coffee drinkers. No association emerged with number of cups/day (OR = 1.2 for 1 cup/ day, 1.0 for 2, 1.4 for 3 and 4, and 1.2 for 5 or more cups/day) or with duration of coffee intake (OR = 1.0 for less than 30 years and OR = 1.1 for more than 30 years). Similarly, no statistically significant association was observed with decaffeinated coffee (OR = 1.3), tea (OR = 1.3), or cola intake (OR = 0.6). OR for coffee drinking were computed across strata of age, menopausal status, education, smoking status, total alcohol drinking, and calcium intake. Conclusions. The present study found no association between hip fractures among women and consumption of regular or decaffeinated coffee, tea, and cola. (C) 1995 Academic Press, Inc
DETERMINANTS OF BODY-MASS INDEX - A STUDY FROM NORTHERN ITALY
No full textOverweight and obesity are associated with increased mortality and morbidity, and human weight is influenced by multiple factors, both genetically and environmentally determined. We investigated the influence of some socioeconomic, behavioral, dietary and reproductive factors on body mass index (BMI). Data were obtained from a comparison group of a case-control study of gastrointestinal cancers from the four largest teaching and general hospitals in Milan, northern Italy. The subjects were 1,188 men and 832 women admitted between January 1985 and June 1992 to the hospitals under study for diseases other than malignant or digestive and not known or suspected to be related to alcohol or tobacco. The following were measured: BMI (Quetelet's index, weight, kg/height, m(2)) and the corresponding standard errors (s.e.) in strata of selected variables, linear regression coefficients (P) and correlation coefficients between BMI and each variable. Mean BMI increased with age until 35-44 years in men and 45-54 years in women. In both sexes BMI was inversely associated with education and social class. Smokers tended to be leaner than non-smokers, but no consistent trend was observed with increasing numbers of cigarettes. Alcohol drinkers had mean BMI similar to non-drinkers, except heavy drinking women who were lighter. BMI was not significantly associated with coffee, decaffeinated coffee, tea, bread, vegetable and fruit consumption. No relation was observed between total estimated caloric intake and BMI. In women BMI was directly associated with marriage and number of children, and inversely with oral contraceptive use. It was concluded that socioeconomic, behavioral and reproductive factors influence BMI in this Italian population, particularly in women. Reported diet appeared to have little influence
CALCIUM, DAIRY-PRODUCTS, AND THE RISK OF HIP FRACTURE IN WOMEN IN NORTHERN ITALY
No full textWe report the relation between hip fracture and intake of calcium and dairy products in postmenopausal women age 45 years or over. We conducted a case-control study in northern Italy. We interviewed a total of 241 cases of hip fracture and 719 controls in hospital for acute, nonneoplastic, nontraumatic, nondigestive, non-hormone-related diseases during their hospital stay. We derived odds ratios (OR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI), according to intake of calcium, milk, and cheese from multiple logistic regression equations, including terms for age, education, body mass index, smoking status, alcohol drinking, and estrogen replacement therapy. Cutoff points for extreme quintiles of calcium intake were 443 and 1,026 mg per day. Compared with the lowest quintile of calcium intake, the multivariate ORs were 1.2 (95% CI = 0.7-2.0), 1.1 (95% CI = 0.6-1.7), 1.1 (95% CI = 0.6-1.7), and 1.2 (95% CI = 0.8-2.0) for subsequent quintiles of intake. Similarly, there was no appreciable association with milk (compared with less than 7 drinks per week, ORs were 1.2 and 1.0, respectively, for 7 and more than 7 drinks per week) or cheese intake (compared with less than 4 portions per week, ORs were 1.2 for 4-6 portions and 1.0 for more than 6 portions per week). OR estimates for calcium intake (tertiles) were consistent across strata of age, education, smoking status, and alcohol drinking. Thus, within the range of variation of intake of the main sources of calcium in this population, there was little association between hip fractures in women and intake of calcium, milk, and cheese
Menstrual and reproductive factors and biliary tract cancers
No full textThe relationship between the risk of biliary tract cancers and menstrual and reproductive factors has been studied in a case-control study conducted in Milan, northern Italy, between January 1984 and February 1993 on 31 incident, histologically confirmed cases and 377 controls in hospital for acute, non-neoplastic, non-gynaecological, non-hormone-related conditions, Odds ratios (ORs) together with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and the significance of the linear trends in risk were estimated by unconditional multiple logistic regression, after adjustment for age and cholelithiasis, Menopause was associated with a decreased risk of biliary tract cancers (OR 0.2), while late menopause and the use of hormone replacement therapy tended to increase the risk (ORs 1.8 and 2.2 respectively). Age at menarche and regular menstrual cycles were not associated, A trend in risk was found with parity, while total abortions and age at first and last birth were not related, Thus, the protective effect of early menopause and the apparent association of multiple full-term pregnancies suggest a role of female hormones in the aetiology of biliary tract cancers
Food and nutrient intake and risk of cataract
No full textThe relationship between cataract extraction and diet was considered in a case-control study conducted in northern Italy. A total of 207 Patients who had cataract extraction and 706 control subjects in a hospital for acute, nonneoplastic, nonoculistic, nondigestive tract diseases were interviewed during their hospital stay. Odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs), according to the intake of alcohol, coffee, tea, and cola, and frequency of intake of 34 food items and 8 micronutrients were derived from multiple logistic regression equations, including terms for age, sex, education, smoking status, body mass index, diabetes, and total calorie intake. Alcohol, coffee, decaffeinated coffee, tea, and cola intakes were not associated with cataract extraction. Among food items, reduced ORs for cataract extraction (highest tertile of intake compared to the lowest), with a significant inverse trend in risk, were found for intake of meat (OR 0.6, 95% CI 0.4 to 0.9), cheese (OR 0.7, 95% CI 0.5 to 1.0), cruciferae (OR 0.5, 95% CI 0.3 to 0.8), spinach (OR 0.6, 95% CI 0.4 to 0.9), tomatoes (OR 0.5, 95% CI 0.4 to 0.8), peppers (OR 0.7, 95% CI 0.4 to 1.1), citrus fruit (OR 0.5, 95% CI 0.2 to 1.3), and melon (OR 0.5, 95% CI 0.4 to 0.8). A significant increase in risk was found for the highest intake of butter (OR 2.8, 95% CI 1.2 to 6.4), total fat (OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.2 to 2.8), and salt (OR 2.4, 95% CI 1.4 to 4.0) compared to the lowest, and for consumption of oil other than olive oil (OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.1 to 2.2). Among micronutrients, lower ORs for cataract extraction (highest quintile of intake compared to the lowest) were found for intake of calcium (OR 0.5, 95% CI 0.3 to 0.8), folic acid (OR 0.4, 95% CI 0.2 to 0.7), and vitamin E (OR 0.5, 95% CI 0.3 to 1.0), while estimated intakes of methionine, retinol, beta-carotene, and vitamins A, C, and D were not associated. Thus, this study indicates that diet plays a considerable role in the risk of cataract extraction in this Italian population, with a protective action played by some vegetables, fruit, calcium, folic acid, and vitamin E, and an increased risk associated with elevated salt and fat intake
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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