1,720,995 research outputs found
Tools and datasets for unmanned aerial system applications
No full textUnmanned aerial systems (UASs) have rapidly transformed environmental monitoring by affording distributed and frequent observations at high spatial resolutions. The pervasive use of such platforms is impressive and UASs have rapidly become an indispensable addition to the toolkit available to researchers and practitioners globally. However, the ubiquitous spread of UASs has also been paralleled by a plethora of platforms and techniques to process data and extracts environmental variables. From off-the-shelf commercial toolboxes to custom-built routines, UAS end users have to orient themselves among innumerable platforms and resources, and this hampers accurate comparisons to more established approaches. In this chapter, we identify a common workflow for most popular UAS applications from raw data to output benchmarking and comprehensively report available protocols and software tools. Further, we present several data resources for a thorough comparison of existing techniques. Finally, we illustrate state of the art and challenges of multisource studies that merge data from diverse monitoring platforms. This work represents an important effort towards the harmonization of existing UAS methodologies and the standardization of UAS-based measurements
Retrospective study of salivary gland tumor cases in a large Italian public hospital and review of the literature
Full text linkA variety of tumors can develop in the salivary glands. The aim of this retrospective study was to describe the demographic characteristics of salivary gland tumors (SGT) in the population of a large area of the city of Rome, ASL RM1, over a 4-year period and compare these data with other epidemiological studies. Forty-nine cases were diagnosed as SGT; 63.2% were males and 32.6% were females. The mean age range was 62.13 years. Forty SGT (81.6%) were benign and 9 (18.4%) were malignant. Among benign tumors, Warthin' s tumor was the most common tumor, comprising 55.1% all SGTs followed by Pleomorphic Adenoma and other less common types. Among malignant tumors, Non-Hodgkin lymphoma was the most frequent type. The results of this study suggest that benign tumors are most common in parotid gland and are mainly represented by Warthin's Tumor. Males are the most affected, especially for benign lesions. Regarding malignant tumors, the incidence by gender is variable, as the incidence of several types worldwide. The findings of this study contribute to the knowledge regarding the incidence of SGT
Latent heat flux variability and response to drought stress of black poplar: A multi-platform multi-sensor remote and proximal sensing approach to relieve the data scarcity bottleneck
No full textHigh-throughput mapping of latent heat flux (λET) is critical to efforts to optimize water resources management and to accelerate forest tree breeding for improved drought tolerance. Ideally, investigation of the energy response at the tree level may promote tailored irrigation strategies and, thus, maximize crop biomass productivity. However, data availability is limited and planning experimental campaigns in the field can be highly operationally complex. To this end, a multi-platform multi-sensor observational approach is herein developed to dissect the λET signature of a black poplar (Populus nigra) breeding population (“POP6”) at the canopy level. POP6 comprised more than 4600 trees representing 503 replicated genotypes, whose parents were derived from contrasting environmental conditions. Trees were trialed in two adjacent plots where different irrigation treatments (moderate drought [mDr] and well-watered [WW]) were applied. Data collected from satellite and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) remote sensing as well as from ground-based proximal sensors were integrated at consistent spatial aggregation and combined to compute the surface energy balance of the trees through a modified Priestley-Taylor method. Here, we demonstrated that λET response was significantly different between WW and mDr trees, whereby genotypes in mDr conditions exhibited larger standard deviations. Importantly, genotypes classified as drought tolerant based on the stress susceptibility index (SSI) presented λET values significantly higher than the rest of the population. This study confirmed that water limitation in mDr settings led to reduced soil moisture in the tree root zone and, thus, to lower λET. These results pave the way to breeding poplar and other bioenergy crops with this underexploited trait for higher λET. Most notably, the illustrated work demonstrates a multi-platform multi-sensor data fusion approach to tackle the global challenge of monitoring landscape-scale ecosystem processes at fine resolution
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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