1,721,142 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
The uses of the time in China : urban planning and mémorial building in Guangdong
No full textIntitulée "Les usages du temps en Chine", cette thèse consiste à questionner la promotion de l'idée occidentale de la conservation du patrimoine bâti initié par le gouvernement chinois et l'aménagement de nombreux sites touristiques et historiques en villes ou en campagne. Depuis la promulgation de la "loi sur la protection des reliques culturelles" et de la liste des "villes célèbres d'histoire et de culture" dans les années 1980, l'état chinois mobilise des gouvernements locaux à rendre visible des histoires folkloriques adressées en particulier aux nouvelles générations des touristes chinois et aux visiteurs internationaux. L'objectif de l'état est de reformuler une histoire officielle, d'optimiser l'image de le Parti Communiste et de populariser une valeur nationaliste et patriotique au sein du peuple. Parallèlement, la force du pouvoir central, symbolisée par la démolition des quartiers anciens et le déplacement des habitants, stimule un nouveau regard sur les stratégies de territorialisation de l'état chinois. Au lieu d'analyser des mobilisations sociales qui contestent la légitimité des opérations gouvernementales et qui envisagent une reconnaissance des identités collectives, cette thèse se focalisera sur les stratégies du contrôle social encadrées par une planification étatique d'aménagement urbain à long terme. L'étude sera expérimentée au travers le mouvement de "l'urbanisation accélérée" de Guangdong : à la veille de Jeux Asiatiques (2000), Guangzhou et Foshan, deux villes principales de la province, ont collaboré avec les promoteurs immobiliers pour construire quatre sites historiques et touristiques localisés dans les arrondissements à fort potentiel. L'analyse de ces cas de terrain nous permet de mettre en discussions des enjeux politiques et sociaux des villes chinoises actuelles, également d'apporter de nouveaux débats autour de ces lieux mémoriels plus contemporaines : peut-on encore les nommer de patrimoine ?Entitled "The uses of time in China", this thesis questions the promotion of the Western idea of conservation of built heritage initiated by the Chinese government and the development of tourist and historical sites in cities or in the countryside. Since the promulgation of the "Law on the Protection of Cultural Relics" and the list of "Famous historical et cultural cities" in the 1980s, the Chinese state has been mobilizing local governments to make folk stories visible, especially to new generations of Chinese tourists and international visitors. The aim of the state is to reformulate an official history, to optimize the image of the Communist Party and to popularize a nationalistic and patriotic value among the people. At the same time, the force of central power, symbolized by the demolition of old neighborhoods and the displacement of inhabitants, stimulates a critical thinking about the territorialization strategies of the Chinese state. Instead of analyzing social mobilizations that contest the legitimacy of government operations and that envisage a recognition of collective identities, this thesis will focus on strategies of social control framed by long-term state planning of urban development. The study will be tested through the "accelerated urbanization" movement in Guangdong : on the eve of the Asian Games (2000), Guangzhou and Foshan, two major cities in the province, collaborated with real estate developers to build four historical and tourist sites located in high potential districts. The analysis of these field cases allows us to put into discussion political and social issues of the current Chinese cities, also to bring new debates around these more contemporary memorial places: can we still name them heritage
The diffusion of chinese tourism in France : Influence of representation and spatial capital
No full textS’il suscite la convoitise de l’industrie touristique, le tourisme chinois en France est aussi frappé de nombreux stéréotypes, notamment véhiculés par les médias de masse. À ce titre, il représente un sujet pertinent pour les sciences sociales. En l’abordant par la géographie et au prisme du concept de « diffusion », cette thèse vise à identifier les processus par lesquels les touristes chinois désignent de nouvelles destinations à mesure qu’ils approfondissent leur découverte du territoire français au-delà de la capitale. Nous revenons particulièrement sur les dynamiques impulsées par les représentations informant la construction de leur écoumène touristique, ainsi que sur l’accroissement de leur autonomie grâce à l’acquisition de capital spatial. Ce faisant, nous resituons les touristes chinois comme des individus dotés d’une intentionnalité, tout en considérant la diffusion des pratiques touristiques dans la société chinoise, à des échelles collectives et individuelles. La contextualisation du phénomène agit par ailleurs comme un révélateur des mutations traversées par la Chine depuis les réformes économiques des années 1980. Enfin, en tant que marché touristique émergent, et s’inscrivant dans une recomposition des flux touristiques à l’échelle mondiale, le cas chinois questionne l’universalité du tourisme en tant que phénomène et contribue à enrichir sa connaissance fondamentale.Although it attracts the interest of the tourism industry, Chinese tourism in France is also targeted by numerous stereotypes, conveyed by mass media in particular. In this respect, it represents a relevant subject of research for social sciences. Approaching it from the angle of geography and the concept of « diffusion », this thesis aims at identifying the processes through which Chinese tourists choose new destinations as they deepen their exploration of the French territory beyond the capital. We particularly enhance the dynamics impulsed by the representations underpinning the construction of their tourist ecumene, as well as the autonomy they gain through the development of their spatial capital. In doing so, we acknowledge Chinese tourists as individuals endowed with intentionality and we observe the diffusion of tourism in the Chinese society from bothindividual and collective perspectives. Furthermore, the contextualisation of the phenomenon reveals the mutations transforming China since the economic reforms of the 1980’s. Finally, as an emerging tourist market, and falling within of a global reconfiguration of tourist flows, the Chinese case interrogates the universality of tourism as a phenomenon, and contributes to supplement its fundamental knowledg
Chinese transition and establishing a system of tourism : a look through the travelagent market of Wuhan
No full textSi le libre-arbitre de l’individu est un élément central dans la pratique du tourisme, le système de gouvernance chinois le restreint indubitablement. Ce travail de thèse met donc en avant la singularité du modèle touristique chinois qui s’est construit dans le contexte d’une transition politique menée d’une main de fer par l’Etat-parti. C’est ainsi, qu’après près de 40 années de non-tourisme sous l’ère maoïste, les réformes d’ouverture ont permis la mise en place progressive d’un système touristique permettant les voyages d’agrément de la population à travers le pays mais aussi à l’international. Ce nouvel accès au monde s’est construit autour d’un encadrement fort des individus par les tour-opérateurs permettant de s’assurer du bon respect de la ligne politique. C’est à travers une immersion de plusieurs années sur le marché des voyagistes de Wuhan, dans une démarche de participation observante, que les particularités du système touristique chinois vont être illustrées. Ce dernier est le théâtre d’un jeu se déroulant entre touristes aspirant à une certaine émancipation et Etat-parti souhaitant garder un contrôle sur ces flux internationaux qui sont utilisés aujourd’hui à des fins diplomatiques. Au cœur de cet équilibre, les voyagistes doivent s’adapter pour s’assurer une place sur le marché tout en veillant à respecter la ligne politique imposée par les autorités. L’étude de ces phénomènes locaux permettront une approche du développement futur de ce tourisme international chinois dont l’importance ne va être que croissante et d’illustrer à l’échelle du pays les dilemmes auxquels fait face la Chine contemporaine.If individual free-will is central to the practice of tourism, it is undoubtedly restricted by the Chinese system of governance. This thesis, therefore, stands to put forward the singularity of the Chinese model of tourism; built in the midst of a political transition led with an iron fist by the party-state. This is how, after more than 40 years of virtually no tourism under the Maoist era, the Reform and Opening policy has enabled the progressive establishment of a system permitting leisure travelling throughout the country but also internationally. This new access to the world took form under a very strong monitoring by the travel agents charged with ensuring the proper respect of the political line. The specificities of the Chinese tourism system have been illustrated, in an observant participation process, through years of immersion within the Wuhan travel agent market. This system has been the stage for what has become a game between tourists aspiring to a form of emancipation and a Party-State intent on maintaining some control on these international flows of people; those of which are today being used for diplomatic purposes. In the midst of this game of give and take, travel agents have to adapt in order to secure themselves a place in the market all the while ensuring compliance with the political line imposed by the authorities. The study of these local phenomena will permit an overall approach to the future of international Chinese tourism, whose significance will only grow, and to illustrate across the country the dilemmas contemporary China is facing
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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