1,721,153 research outputs found
Differenza tra verità e asseribilità di condizionali fattuali e controfattuali
No full textIn questo articolo presentiamo una ricerca che ha lo scopo di approfondire
le caratteristiche in comune e le specificità dei condizionali
controfattuali rispetto ai condizionali fattuali. In particolare, il lavoro
riguarda le condizioni in cui condizionali controfattuali e fattuali sono
considerati veri o falsi, ma anche le condizioni in cui possono o meno essere asseriti, e si inserisce in un filone sperimentale in cui sono già
state dimostrate differenze sistematiche nel ragionamento con i due tipi
di condizionali (Fillenbaum 1974; Byrne e Tasso 1999; Thompson e
Byrne 2002)
Cross-linguistic developmental evidence of implicit causality in visual perception and cognition verbs
No full text
“Patient dies due to hernia: Doctors in trouble” A study on the effect of framing and numerical information format on liability judgments
No full textPurpose: We aimed to explore the effect of the way numerical information is framed on participants’ judgments. Specifically, based on a real story about a man who died after hernia surgery, we investigated the extent to which participants revised their liability judgment about the medical staff for not having used heparin, based first on ambiguous numerical information (relative risk reduction: 50%) and then on unambiguous numerical information (absolute risk reduction), that was framed either in terms of survival (e.g., 999 vs. 998 out of 1,000 patients survived) or mortality (1 vs. 2 out of 1,000 patients died), and presented as either resulting from small (1,000) or large (10,000) sample size groups.
Method: Participants (N =160) were students (aged 19 to 45, M = 22.07, SD = 3.60) who volunteered to take part in the experiment. Perceived liability and perceived risk reduction were measured on 7-point scales.
Result: When presented with relative risk information, participants judged the medical staff as more liable (M = 4.84, SE = .10) than when presented with absolute risk information (M = 4.22, SE = .11, F(1, 156) = 48.47, p = .0001, hp2= .24). The change in judged liability depended both on frame and on sample size, which did not interact: Participants’ rated the liability higher in the mortality condition (M = 4.76, SE = .13) than in the survival frame condition (M = 4.31, SE = .13) F(1, 156) = 5.61, p = .02, hp2 = .04 (and post-hoc analyses showed that the judgment was revised only in the survival condition), and participants’ ratings were lower in the small-1,000 size condition (M = 4.34, SE = .13) than in the large-10,000 size condition (M = 4.72, SE = .13) F(1, 156) = 3.89, p = .05, hp2 = .02. Participants’ estimates of perceived risk reduction were also affected both by the frame and the sample size as for liability. The results of mediational analyses were consistent with the hypothesis that perceived risk reduction plays a mediational role between the frame of information and the judgment of liability.
Conclusion: Even when provided with unambiguous numerical information, people seem to be affected by the way in which it is framed, and the frame affects liability judgment through the perceived risk reduction
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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