1,721,070 research outputs found
Occupazione e disoccupazione dopo il COVID-19: l'approfondimento del dualismo
No full textLa rilevazione delle forze di lavoro del marzo 2022 mette in evidenza un forte incremento del numero di occupati rispetto ad un anno prima (+804.000 unità, pari al +3,6%) ed il tasso di occupazione registra un valore del 65,5%. Simultaneamente, il tasso di disoccupazione scende all’8,3% (-1,8 punti percentuali rispetto ad un anno prima) ed anche il tasso di inattività diminuisce in maniera netta (34,5%, pari a -1,7 punti percentuali rispetto a marzo 2021). Sotto il profilo meramente quantitativo, la situazione del mercato del lavoro sembrerebbe aver recuperato pienamente i livelli antecedenti la crisi dovuta alla pandemia. Sotto il profilo qualitativo, al contrario, si registra un approfondimento degli elementi critici già presenti nel mercato del lavoro italiano: la “fine” della pandemia non è stata accompagnata da provvedimenti aventi l’obiettivo di correggere tali criticità
Covert orienting to non-informative cues: reaction time studies
No full textLateralized, non-informative visual cues lengthen reaction time (RT) to successive targets flashed in the same hemified. Early ipsilateral RT facilitation is limited to the co-occurrence of cues and targets. Inhibition from visual cues has sensory components which do not depend on orienting, as well as attentional components which are limited to one side of the vertical meridian. An inhibition of RT to targets ipsilateral to the cues has been found with somatic or auditory cues and targets, and also when somatic targets follow visual cues or visual targets follow somatic cues. The results reviewed in this paper (1) are best accounted for by directional constraints in motor readiness which are induced by the voluntary suppression of an overt orienting toward the location of the cue; (2) indicate that similar mechanisms of covert orienting operate in the whole peripersonal and near extrapersonal space; and (3) point to a common neural substrate mediating both intramodal and cross-modal effects
Sensory and attentional components of slowing of manual reaction time to non-fixated visual targets by ipsilateral primes
No full textReaction time (RT) for detecting extrafoveal targets is lengthened by a non-informative prime at the same location or in the same hemifield (RT inhibition). We assumed that sensory effects at primed locations should be the same for unilateral and bilateral primes, whereas systematic covert orienting to a primed location should occur only with unilateral primes. We found equal RT inhibition for both types of primes at 0.2 sec prime-target intervals (SOA), as contrasted with inhibition for unilateral but not bilateral primes at 0.6 sec SOAs. We conclude that RT inhibition involves a succession of sensory components and orienting-dependent components
We are in the same storm but not in the same boat: Impact of COVID-19 on UK households
No full textThe United Kingdom introduced a national lockdown in March 2020, as a means to curb the rising pace of COVID-19 infections in the country. Since then, the various restrictions imposed on citizens have caused enormous social and economic consequences on the UK population. However, full awareness of the mid- and long-term impacts of such measures is still lacking. In this paper, by making use of longitudinal data from the Understanding Society COVID-19 study, consisting of nine survey waves administered to a representative sample of UK citizens from April 2020 to September 2021, we analyse the potential determinants of employment losses and provision of financial assistance, particularly emphasising the differential effects related to individuals’ socio-demographic characteristics
One year of COVID-19 in Italy: are containment policies enough to shape the pandemic pattern?
Full text linkA successful fight against COVID-19 greatly depends on citizens' adherence to the restrictive measures, which may not suffice alone. Making use of a containment index, data on sanctions, and Google's movement trends across Italian provinces, complemented by other sources, we investigate the extent to which compliance with the mobility limitations has affected the number of infections and deaths over time, for the period running from February 24, 2020 to February 23, 2021. We find proof of a deterrent effect on mobility given by the increase in sanction rate and positivity rate among the population. We also show how the pandemic dynamics have changed between the first and the second wave of the emergency. Lots of people could be spared by incorporating greater interventions and many more are at stake, despite the recent boost in vaccinations. Informing citizens about the effects and purposes of the restrictive measures has become increasingly important throughout the various phases of the pandemic
La sensibilità azionaria alle variazioni dei tassi di interesse: un tentativo di stima della Duration Equity dell'indice di mercato italiano
No full textIl presente lavoro è diretto a fornire una stima dell'equity duration con riferimento al mercato azionario italiano attraverso l'utilizzo di due approcci metodologici differenti. Il primo si basa sulla formulazione derivante dal Dividend discount Model di Gordon e Shapiro (1965), di cui si sviluppa anche una possibile estensione utile per il suo utilizzo empirico. Il secondo approccio si basa invece sull'utilizzo dell'nterpretazione della duration equity quale misura di sensibilità alle variazioni dei tassi di interesse. Con riferimento a quest'ultima metodologia, è stata anche introdotta un'analisi delle componenti principali al fine di distinguere gli effetti sull'indice azionario dei diversi possibili movimenti della struttura a termine dei tassi di interesse: più specificatamente, movimenti paralleli, di inclinazione e di curvatura. A nostra conoscenza questo è il primo studio volto ad analizzare tali relazioni nel contesto del mercato azionario italiano
Spatial stimulus-response compatibility in callosotomy patiens and subjects with callosal agenesis
No full textSubjects with partial or complete defects of the corpus callosum, either congenital or acquired, performed a choice reaction time (RT) task involving a right or left key-press response to a light presented at random in the right or left hemifield. Like normal subjects, all of them exhibited two additive effects typical of these tasks: the spatial stimulus-response compatibility effect (faster RT for stimuli and responses matched for side), and the hand placement effect (longer RT for responses performed with crossed hands). Two subjects with a complete callosal defect, one acquired and the other congenital, showed a third effect, not present in normal subjects, consisting of a marked advantage for RT of responses with hand anatomically ipsilateral to the stimulus, independent of both stimulus-response compatibility and hand placement. These findings can be interpreted according to a hierarchical model of information processing assuming that, in the absence of the corpus callosum, the matching of the mental codes for the stimulus and response sets takes place solely in the hemisphere receiving the stimulus, with a subsequent rapid-intrahemispheric or slow-interhemispheric transmission of the response command to the appropriate motor centers
Extracting implied volatilities from bank bonds
Full text linkIn this work, we explore the information content of senior, subordinated and additional tier 1 (or contingent convertible) bonds issued by euro-area banks. We analyze both the asset volatility implied in senior and subordinated bonds and credit default swap market spreads, and the common equity tier 1 (CET1) ratio volatility extracted from additional tier 1 bonds secondary market spreads in the period from December 31, 2012 to March 31, 2021. Furthermore, we jointly consider the following important bank variables: asset, equity and CET1 ratio volatilities. In doing so, we can obtain the market view on credit spreads, banks balance sheet and capital ratio dynamics on a daily basis even if bank data are released quarterly. The approach can be used to monitor the risk of each bank, as perceived by the market, and to investigate banking fragility at a stand-alone or at a country level. Finally, we compare our estimated equity implied volatilities with the volatilities implied in equity option quotes and we show that this indicator depends on the model and the financial instruments considered in the calibration
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