1,721,017 research outputs found
Sperm quality, secondary sexual characters and parasitism in roach (Rutilus rutilus L.)
No full textKORTET, RAINE, VAINIKKA, ANSSI, RANTALA, MARKUS J., TASKINEN, JOUNI (2004): Sperm quality, secondary sexual characters and parasitism in roach (Rutilus rutilus L.). Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 81 (1): 111-117, DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.2004.00275.x, URL: https://academic.oup.com/biolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1095-8312.2004.00275.
Figure 2 in Sperm quality, secondary sexual characters and parasitism in roach (Rutilus rutilus L.)
No full textFigure 2. Correlation between sperm longevity and spermatozoal velocity (r = 0.547, P = 0.019). The line is from linear regression (y = 0.43x + 28.7).Published as part of KORTET, RAINE, VAINIKKA, ANSSI, RANTALA, MARKUS J. & TASKINEN, JOUNI, 2004, Sperm quality, secondary sexual characters and parasitism in roach (Rutilus rutilus L.), pp. 111-117 in Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 81 (1) on page 114, DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.2004.00275.x, http://zenodo.org/record/781798
The joint adverse effects of aged nanoscale plastic debris and their co-occurring benzo[α]pyrene in freshwater mussel (Anodonta anatina)
No full text: Although the presence of small-scale plastics, including nanoscale plastic debris (NPD, size <1 μm), is expected in the environment, our understanding of their potential uptake and biodistribution in organisms is still limited. This mostly is because of the limitations in analytical techniques to characterize NPD in organisms' bodies. Moreover, it is still debatable whether aged NPD can sorb and transfer chemicals into organisms. Here, we apply iron oxide-doped polystyrene nanoparticles (Fe-PS NPs) of 270 nm size to quantify the uptake and biodistribution of NPD in freshwater mussels (Anodonta anatina). The Fe-PS NPs were, first, oxidized using heat-activated potassium persulfate treatments to produce NPD (aged particles). Then, the sorption of benzo[a]pyrene (B[α]P), as a model of organic chemicals, into the aged NPD was studied. Chemical oxidation (i.e. aging) significantly decreased the sorption of B[α]P into the particles over 5 days when compared to pristine particles. After 72-h of exposure, A. anatina accumulated NPD in the gills and digestive gland. When exposed to the mixture of NPD and B[α]P, the number of particles in the gills and digestive gland increased significantly compared to the mussels exposed to NPD alone. Moreover, the mixture of NPD and B[α]P increased the activity of Superoxide dismutase and Catalase enzymes in the exposed mussels when compared to the control and to the NPD alone. The present study provides evidence that aged NPD not only could accumulate and alter the toxicity profile of organic chemicals in aquatic organisms, but the chemicals also could facilitate the uptake of NPD (combined effects)
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
On the ecology of two Rhipidocotyle species (Digenea: Bucephalidae) from two Finnish lakes
No full textThe life-cycles of two Rhipidocotyle species and their ecology at different life-cycle stages, especially the host-parasite relationships in the first intermediate host, were studied during 1987-89 in Lake Saravesi, central Finland, and Lake Kuivasjärvi, northern Finland. At the beginning of the study, bucephalid digeneans were found in Rutilus rutilus and adult bucephalids of the genus Rhipidocotyle were found in predatory fishes from Lake Saravesi. However, two bucephalid species, the cercariae of the first having long, filamentous furcae (Type A) and the second having short, stout furcae (Type B), were detected in Anodonta anatina from the lake. Experimental life-cycle studies on the parasites had to be established, in which uninfected roach were infested with a known type of cercaria and the roach were fed to uninfected Esox lucius or Perea fluviatilis. Type B was revealed to be R. campanula (Dujardin, 1845). Type A also belonged to the genus Rhipidocotyle, being a species new to science and was described under name R. fennica Gibson, Taskinen & Valtonen, 1992. Both species used A. anatina as the first intermediate host and R. rutilus as the second intermediate host. The final hosts of R. fennica and R. campanula were E. lucius and P. fluviatilis, respectively. The metacercariae of R. fennica, which mainly occurred encysted in the skin and fins of R. rutilus, could be distinguished by the more psterior position of the pharynx along the body when compared to R. campanula which, on the other hand, mainly occurred encysted in the gills of R. rutilus. Adult R. fennica could be separated from R. campanula e.g. by its smaller egg size and more posterior position of the anterior margin of the vitelline fields. The prevalences of R. fennica and R. campanula in A. anatina from Lake Saravesi (n=l,157) were 33.2 % and 1.0 %, respectively. Pseudanodonta complanata (n=29), Unio tumidus and U. pictorum (n=65) from Lake Saravesi were not infected. The prevalence of R. campanula in A. anatina from Lake Kuivasjärvi (n=l,486) was 4.7 % and R. fennica did not occur in that lake. A. anatina collected from Lake Saravesi ranged from 1 to 15 years and from 21 to 112 mm. The clam specimens ≤ 3 years or ≤ 51 mm were not infected with R. fennica. The prevalence of R. fennica in A. anatina from Lake Saravesi was higher in the littoral zone, among older, bigger, fast growing and female clams.unknown accessibilityei tietoa saavutettavuudest
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