16,126 research outputs found
Affective Match: Leader Emotional Displays, Follower Positive Affect, and Follower Performance
No full textLeader emotions may play an important role in leadership effectiveness. Extending this earlier research on leader emotional displays and leadership effectiveness, we propose that the “affective match†between follower positive affect (PA) and leaders’ emotional displays moderates the effectiveness of leader emotional displays. Leader display of emotions has more positive effects on follower behavior if the match between the valence of leader emotion and follower PA is strong rather than weak. Support for this hypothesis was found in two experiments. The congruency between leader emotional displays and follower PA determined follower task performance and extra-role compliance. Results from the second experiment indicated that this effect is due to the affective aspects of leader behavior and not to the valence of the content of the message.Emotions;Leadership Effectiveness;Positive Affect
The role of emotional intelligence in the quality of leader-follower relationship
No full textThis study aims to examine the moderating effects of leader emotional intelligence and dyad emotional intelligence on the relationship between Islamic leader-member exchange (ILMX) and work related outcomes, and as part of this developing an Islamic measure of respect in leadership. Many studies have attempted to explain the concept of emotional intelligence in order to better understand how aspects of individual difference may help to explain variations in leadership behaviour. Research in the field of emotion regulation has suggested that this ability plays a central role in the development of high quality relationships. Other scholars also emphasized that research on emotional intelligence and leadership effectiveness needs to be focused on those approaches to leadership that involve emotional elements, because relationship approaches to leadership are inherently emotional. This clearly shows that emotions play a significant role in leadership. This study has been divided into two stages. The first stage was developing a validated measure of Islamic respect. In this stage, focus group sessions were conducted to generate the items for Islamic respect. Those items generated from the focus group sessions were further used in instrument development in an online survey questionnaire for scale reduction and validation. Factor analysis was employed for the purpose of scale reduction. Meanwhile, a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed with Analysis of Moment Structures (AMOS) for the purpose of scale validation. The second stage of this study used a cross-sectional design and measures collected through the use of a questionnaire. The participants were 203 matched leader-subordinate dyads in a Malaysian Islamic Insurance company. Based upon hierarchical regression analysis, the results showed that the combination of both leader and follower emotional intelligence moderated the relationship between Islamic leader-member exchange and a number of important work related outcomes. The results suggest that emotional intelligence can help leaders and subordinates to facilitate stronger identification and emotional attachments with each othe
Task 5 : Monitoring
No full textg support that are required by the extended and new functionalities of the GRAPNEL model [4]. Summary of technical achievements to date We have been studying two aspects regarding the design of a monitoring layer: the definition of the formats for the event traces, and the design issues of the distributed monitoring architecture. We have studied existing approaches for event trace formats. Among specific formats, practical "standard" formats (such as PICL) or meta-formats (such as Pablo's), we favour the latter approach due to its greater flexibility and ease of provision of an uniform (C or C++ based) interface for event processing and analysis by the distinct tools in the environment. At this point we are reaching an agreement with all partners, concerning this aspect, so that we may proceed with the experimentation on the development of a prototype for the monitoring and kernel layer. Concerning the design issues of the monitoring/kernel layer, some studi
Wine Roads in Greece: A Cooperation for the Development of Local Tourism in Rural Areas
No full textAn association of Wine Roads was developed in Greece at the beginning of the 1990s in an attempt to boost rural tourism. The association was created by wine producers in the regions of Macedonia and was then extended to Epirus, Thessaly and Thrace. Its main purpose has been the promotion of wine companies and the association's regional members, while its specific targets have been the development of local tourism, the support of cultural heritage and the improvement of product quality and related services. The Wine Roads initiative has received substantial financial support from the European Union and the State of Greece, mainly through the LEADER II program. However, socioeconomic results for the participating companies and regions appear to differ. An assessment using a questionnaire showed a positive effect on the enhancement of relations among members, the increase in tourist visits, publicity for the regions and cultural events. In contrast, there have been no significant positive effects on employment. Finally, it should be noted that some of the participating districts and companies have been more active and have taken better advantage of this initiative.Wine roads, rural tourism, cooperation, financing, LEADER program, Greece, Community/Rural/Urban Development,
TASK Description
No full textmbinatorial explosion of the size of the search space. The goal of heuristic algorithms is to give good solutions in reasonable time. Two sub-classes of heuristic algorithms have been mainly explored: greedy algorithms which construct progressively a solution and iterative algorithms whose principle is to improve an existing solution. Based on the review of existing algorithms, it was decided that several strategies would be implemented in the SEPP mapping tool, to adapt to various mapping problem sizes. For large problems or for problems which do not require a too fine mapping, greedy algorithms will be available to deliver rapidly sub-optimal solutions. This class includes the modulo, the LPTF (Largest Processing Time First Algorithm) and the LGCF (Largest Global Cost First) algorithms. An exact algorithm, A ? , will be implemented for smaller sized problems. For mapping problems not belonging to either of these two classes, iterative and diffusion a
Leader of Group :
No full textIntroduction and Objectives This task was connected to the design and implementation of a monitoring and debugging architecture supporting the functionalities required by high-level development tools. The monitoring and debugging mechanisms should be adapted to the abstraction levels corresponding to the GRAPNEL system [10] -- a visual programming system for graph-based design of parallel programs -- and to the STEPS system [11] -- a tool for the static and dynamic analysis and testing of parallel programs --. The task concentrated on the folowing issues: ffl Functionalities for the monitoring and debugging of distributed processes. ffl Specification of well-defined interfaces between the monitoring components and highlevel tools. ffl Specification of well-defined interface between the monitoring components and the underlying system platform. ffl Experimentation with the developed prototypes in order to evaluate the inte
Task 7 : Testing Debugging
No full texteproducible re-execution of dynamic states. First, the space of states of the static analyzer of PVM programs (the SAPTE sub-tool) can be effectively reduced by the user, who provides the necessary information on intended process connections. This semantic driven information helps to avoid analyzing meaningless interprocess communications. Second, all communication events logged during regular program execution can be replayed in order to generate the corresponding testing scenario script. This script can then be used to re-execute the parallel application under test in order to step back and forth to explore alternative states and program behaviors. Our current experience shows that a more "in-depth" analysis is less efficient and in consequence increases testing costs. It confirms the role of users in providing an appropriate set-up for the analysis. The user interaction with the tool significantly extends the scope of structural testing by adding semantical information i
Leader-Member Exchange (LMX) and Performance: A Meta-Analytic Review
No full textThis paper reports a meta-analysis that examines the relationship between leader–member exchange (LMX) relationship quality and a multidimensional model of work performance (task, citizenship, and counterproductive performance). The results show a positive relationship between LMX and task performance (146 samples, ρ = .30) as well as citizenship performance (97 samples, ρ = .34), and negatively with counterproductive performance (19 samples, ρ = ‒.24). Of note, there was a positive relationship between LMX and objective task performance (20 samples, ρ = .24). Trust, motivation, empowerment, and job satisfaction mediated the relationship between LMX and task and citizenship performance with trust in the leader having the largest effect. There was no difference due to LMX measurement instrument (e.g., LMX7, LMX-MDM). Overall, the relationship between LMX and performance was weaker when (a) measures were obtained from a different source or method and (b) LMX was measured by the follower than the leader (with common source- and method-biased effects stronger for leader-rated LMX quality). Finally, there was evidence for LMX leading to task performance but not for reverse or reciprocal directions of effects
Leader-Member Exchange (LMX) Ambivalence and Task Performance: The Cross-Domain Buffering Role of Social Support
No full textLeader-member exchange (LMX) theory proposes that leaders develop different quality relationships with those they manage and this is predictive of work performance. While LMX quality has been viewed as univalent (ranging from low to high quality), this paper proposes that it can also be bivalent in nature (i.e., coexisting positive and negative thoughts towards the relationship), which we refer to as LMX ambivalence. A survey measure of LMX ambivalence is developed, and through three validation and two main studies, it is shown to have construct, discriminant, and incremental predictive validity beyond that of LMX quality. Hypotheses concerning LMX ambivalence and task performance are tested in two main studies and show that (1) LMX ambivalence is negatively related to performance regardless of LMX quality, (2) high levels of perceived support from the organization (Study 1) or coworkers (Study 2) nullify the negative association between LMX ambivalence and performance, and (3) high LMX ambivalence leads to more negative affect and in turn lower task performance, but only when coworker support is low (Study 2). These results show the importance of viewing LMX quality not only in terms of its absolute level (low vs. high quality) but also as a bivalent construct where both positive and negative cognitions can coexist. They also demonstrate the value of social support in buffering the negative effects of LMX ambivalence. Furthermore, our findings extend a central tenet of LMX theory by implying that LMX quality varies not only within groups (i.e., LMX differentiation) but also within leader-follower dyads
- …
