182,195 research outputs found
<i>N-TAP-ARP6</i> and <i>C-TAP-ARP6</i> transgenes rescue the <i>arp6-1</i> phenotype.
No full text(A- upper blot) T2 plants homozygous for N-TAP- or C-TAP-ARP6 transgenes express a fusion protein with the expected size of 67.5 kDa. The fusion protein is specifically detected only in transgenic plants and not in arp6-1 or WT plants using a peroxidase anti-peroxidase (PAP) soluble complex, which binds the protein A moiety of the TAP tag. (A- lower blot) The same protein extracts as in the upper blot were probed with a monoclonal ARP6 antibody. ARP6 presence is specifically detected in all transgenic plants as a 67.5 kDa fusion protein band compared to the 44 kDa ARP6 band in WT plants, and is absent in arp6-1 mutant plants. The ARP6 antibody reacts less strongly with N-TAP-ARP6, most likely because the antibody recognizes the N-terminal region, which is adjoined to the TAP tag in this fusion. (B) Transgenic plants look more similar to WT plants than arp6-1 plants, with more compacted, non-serrated rosette leaves. (C) Early flowering phenotype is rescued in transgenic plants when compared to the arp6-1. (D) The average number of rosette leaves of N-TAP-ARP6 and C-TAP-ARP6 transgenic plants at flowering is significantly higher than in arp6-1 (n = 6 for WT and arp6-1, and n = 12 for N-TAP 11–4 and C-TAP 10–2). Asterisks indicate significant differences from arp6-1 plants with parp6-1 plants are rescued in N-TAP-ARP6 and C-TAP-ARP6 transgenic plants. (F) The fertility defects of arp6-1 plants are rescued in N-TAP 11–4 and C-TAP 10–2 transgenic plants.</p
Varicellovirus UL 49.5 proteins differentially affect the function of the transporter associated with antigen processing, TAP
No full textCytotoxic T-lymphocytes play an important role in the protection against viral infections, which they detect through the recognition of virus-derived peptides, presented in the context of MHC class I molecules at the surface of the infected cell. The transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP) plays an essential role in MHC class I–restricted antigen presentation, as TAP imports peptides into the ER, where peptide loading of MHC class I molecules takes place. In this study, the UL49.5 proteins of the varicelloviruses bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1), pseudorabies virus (PRV), and equine herpesvirus 1 and 4 (EHV-1 and EHV-4) are characterized as members of a novel class of viral immune evasion proteins. These UL49.5 proteins interfere with MHC class I antigen presentation by blocking the supply of antigenic peptides through inhibition of TAP. BHV-1, PRV, and EHV-1 recombinant viruses lacking UL49.5 no longer interfere with peptide transport. Combined with the observation that the individually expressed UL49.5 proteins block TAP as well, these data indicate that UL49.5 is the viral factor that is both necessary and sufficient to abolish TAP function during productive infection by these viruses. The mechanisms through which the UL49.5 proteins of BHV-1, PRV, EHV-1, and EHV-4 block TAP exhibit surprising diversity. BHV-1 UL49.5 targets TAP for proteasomal degradation, whereas EHV-1 and EHV-4 UL49.5 interfere with the binding of ATP to TAP. In contrast, TAP stability and ATP recruitment are not affected by PRV UL49.5, although it has the capacity to arrest the peptide transporter in a translocation-incompetent state, a property shared with the BHV-1 and EHV-1 UL49.5. Taken together, these results classify the UL49.5 gene products of BHV-1, PRV, EHV-1, and EHV-4 as members of a novel family of viral immune evasion proteins, inhibiting TAP through a variety of mechanisms
TAP-tag proteomics.
No full textA. TAP—Tandem Affinity Purification; TEV–Tobacco Etch Virus protease; Prot A–protein A; SBP–Streptavidin Binding Protein. Workflow of TAP-tag proteomics and Tandem MS followed by data elaboration (MaxQuant, Proteus) in combination with extended data mining by MIST, STRING, IPA, and g:Profiler. g:Profiler results were further refined and graphically elaborated in Cytoscape using the EnrichmentMap application. B. Volcano blot (Proteus) was created to distinguish DEK/NUP214 and empty vector interactomics—a synopsis of potential DEK/NUP214 interactors. C. MIST analysis of DEK/NUP214 interactors applying a threshold of Log2 fold change corresponding to an increase of interaction of 1.5-fold and a p<0.05.</p
Direct evidence that the N-terminal extensions of the TAP complex act as autonomous interaction scaffolds for the assembly of the MHC I peptide-loading complex
No full textThe loading of antigenic peptides onto major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC I) molecules is an essential step in the adaptive immune response against virally or malignantly transformed cells. The ER-resident peptide-loading complex (PLC) consists of the transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP1 and TAP2), assembled with the auxiliary factors tapasin and MHC I. Here, we demonstrated that the N-terminal extension of each TAP subunit represents an autonomous domain, named TMD0, which is correctly targeted to and inserted into the ER membrane. In the absence of coreTAP, each TMD0 recruits tapasin in a 1:1 stoichiometry. Although the TMD0s lack known ER retention/retrieval signals, they are localized to the ER membrane even in tapasin-deficient cells. We conclude that the TMD0s of TAP form autonomous interaction hubs linking antigen translocation into the ER with peptide loading onto MHC I, hence ensuring a major function in the integrity of the antigen-processing machinery
Rational Design of Robust Si/C Microspheres for High-Tap-Density Anode Materials
No full textSi
has been recognized as a next-generation anode alternative to graphite
for high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries. However, the most intractable
problem of previous Si-based anodes is the relatively low compressive
strength of particles because of excess voids and porous structures,
thus leading to poor structural integrity and electrochemical performance
under high pressure of the rolling procedure in practical application.
Therefore, a rational design of robust Si/C microspheres with a compact
nano/microstructure is an effective strategy to address the above-mentioned
issues. In this ingenious structure, Si nanoparticles are homogeneously
dispersed and anchored on flake graphite and then the composites self-assemble
into microspheres via polycondensation and surface tension of pitch
under high temperature and high pressure. Benefitting from this innovative
approach and rational design, the obtained robust Si/C microspheres
not only present high compressive property and high tap density (1.0
g cm–3) but also demonstrate high initial Coulombic
efficiency (90.5%) and cycling stability with areal capacity (4 mA
h cm–2) under a compaction density of 1.3 g cm–3. Furthermore, the full cell assembled with LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 and the resultant
Si/C microsphere anode also displays good cycling performance and
rate capabilities. Owing to these aspects, the proposed rational design
of encapsulating Si nanoparticles in high-tap-density microspheres
could be extended to load other nanomaterials for advanced batteries
<i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> homologs of SWR1-C subunits co-purify with N-TAP ARP6 and C-TAP ARP6.
No full textArabidopsis thaliana homologs of SWR1-C subunits co-purify with N-TAP ARP6 and C-TAP ARP6.</p
What are Households Willing to Pay for Better Tap Water Quality ? A Cross-Country Valuation Study
No full textUsing a unique cross-section sample from 10 OECD countries, we estimate willingness to pay for better quality of tap water. On the pooled sample, households are only willing to pay 7.5% of the median annual water bill to improve the quality of tap water. The highest relative willingness to pay for better tap water quality was found in the countries with the highest percentage of respondents being unsatisfied with tap water quality because of health concerns. The median willingness to pay in Mexico, Korea and Italy was estimated at 10.1%, 6.4% and 8.8% of the median water bill. The marginal willingness to pay increased with income, education, environmental concern, trust in information from government, and specific concerns with water quality.Contingent valuation, tobit model, water quality, willingness to pay.
INFLUENCE OF THE USE OF INTRATHECAL MORPHINE AND TAP BLOCK VERSUS INTRAVENOUS ELASTOMER ON POST-OPERATIVE PAIN AND BREASTFEEDING IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ELECTIVE CESAREAN SECTION
No full textreservedIntroduzione: Diverse sono le tecniche per il controllo del dolore chirurgico e in questo caso post taglio cesareo. Pochi studi hanno indagato su un possibile rapporto tra la tecnica utilizzata, in questo caso Tap block versus elastomero, ed la gestione del dolore e l’esito sull’allattamento.
Scopo dello studio: lo scopo dello studio è di fornire una valutazione delle diverse scale di dolore NRS ed individuare differenze per quel che riguarda il movimento, l’allattamento, la sedazione e sull’incidenza di nausea e vomito in due gruppi di pazienti ricoverate in puerperio, sottoposte a differenti metodiche antalgiche.
Materiali e metodi: lo studio si è svolto in due fasi, la prima di revisione della letteratura e la seconda di raccolta dati. Sono state arruolate 68 donne che hanno partorito con taglio cesareo presso l’azienda ospedaliera di Padova tra giugno e ottobre 2022. Sono state raccolte informazioni riguardanti le scale NRS di dolore, il livello di sedazione, il movimento e la presenza di nausea e vomito. Dopo il parto e a un mese da esso sono stati somministrati due questionari riguardanti l’allattamento. I dati raccolti sono stati analizzati mediante test statistici.
Risultati: Nel 53% delle donne campionate è stato utilizzato l’elastomero come tecnica antalgica post operatoria, mentre al restante 47% è stato effettuato il Tap block.
In relazione alle NRS, nelle prime 6 ore dopo il parto il dolore medio delle pazienti con elastomero è risultato essere di 5,88 mentre è stato di 4,19 nelle pazienti sottoposte a Tap block. Nonostante questa differenza dal punto di vista statistico non è risultato un rapporto statisticamente rilevante.
Dai p-value ottenuti, solamente dai dati riguardati il movimento è emerso un rapporto statisticamente rilevante infatti il 56,3% della pazienti Tap block si è alzata entro le 6-12h a differenza del 27% delle pazienti con elastomero. Per quanto riguarda le altre variabili, tra cui, il livello di sedazione, la presenza di nausea e vomito non sono risultate differenze rilevanti tra i due gruppi. Infine
dall’analisi delle risposte dei questionari non sono emerse considerazioni statisticamente rilevanti ma è stato evidenziato un trend per quel che riguarda l’esclusività dell’allattamento sia nei primi giorni che a un mese dal parto a favore del gruppo di donne sottoposte al Tap block. In entrambi i gruppi la maggioranza delle pazienti ha fatto il contatto pelle a pelle (69%-78%) e il primo attacco (80%-75%) nelle prime ore, non ha riscontrato difficoltà (41%-31%) a un mese dal parto ed ha continuato ad allattare nel periodo analizzato (77%-71%)
Conclusioni: Non è stato possibile determinare in modo statisticamente rilevante quale delle due tecniche campionate abbia avuto un maggior effetto sul dolore post operatorio. La tecnica del Tap Block ha permesso però un minor tempo di ripresa e di conseguenza di deambulazione nelle pazienti che sono state sottoposte ad essa. Dal punto di vista dell’allattamento non è risultata esserci una correlazione tra analgesia post operatoria ed esito di quest’ultimo.Introduction: there are different techniques to control surgical pain, precisely in this study post C-section pain.
Few studies have examined a possible relationship between the technique used, in this case Tap block vs elastomer, and the control of pain and its consequences on breast-feeding.
Objectives: the goal of this study is to provide an assessment of the different pain scales NRS and to identify differences with reference to movement, breast-feeding, sedation and occurrence of nausea and vomiting in two different groups of patients, post-partum hospitalised, who were subjected to different antalgic therapies.
Materials and methods: the study has been carried out in two phases, firstly a revision of the specific literature and secondly a collection of data. Sixty-eight women who had a C-section at the Azienda ospedaliera in Padua between the period June-October 2022 were enrolled. The information collected has taken into consideration NRS pain scales, sedation level, movement and occurrence of nausea and vomiting. Two questionnaires concerning breast-feeding were given to the women after delivery and a month later. The data collected have been analysed through statistical tests.
Results: 53% of the recruited women were subjected to elastomer as post operative anthalgic therapy, while the remaining 47% went through Tap block. With reference to the NRS pain scales, in the first 6 hours after delivery the average pain in the patients with elastomer proved to be 5,88, while it was 4.19 in the patients with Tap block. Despite this difference, from a statistical point of view no report statistically relevant has emerged.
From the obtained p-values, only the data concerning movement have shown a statistically relevant report. Actually, 56,3% of the Tap block patients stood up from bed within 6-12 hours after delivery, while 27% of the patients with elastomer did not. With reference to the other variables, among which the level of sedation and the occurrence of nausea and vomiting, no relevant differences have emerged in the two groups. Finally, the analysis of the answers of the questionnaires have revealed no statistically relevant considerations, but they have shown that women treated with Tap block exclusively breastfed their babies both in the first days after delivery and after a month. In both groups, the majority of patients had skin – to- skin contact with their babies (69%-78%) and first breast-feed (80%-75%) in the first hours, they did not face any difficulties (41%-31%) after a month from delivery and continued to breastfeed during the analysed period (77%-71%).
Conclusions: It was not possible to establish in a statistically relevant way which of the two methods analysed had a greater effect on postoperative pain. Anyway, the Tap block techique has allowed a shorter time of recovery and, consequently, of movement. As far as breast-feeding is concerned, no connection between postoperative analgesia and breast-feeding has been found
Te
No full text© American Institute of Physics. We want to acknowledge to A. Serrano of the Departamento de Tecnología Fotónica of the Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, for her help in measuring transmittance in the CdMnTe samples. We also thank to J. Zoido for his help in the photographic reproduction. This project was partially supported by CICYT, Project Nos. TAP-92/0087 and TAP-92/0091 C-02-01.Bulk polycrystalline cadmium manganese telluride, Cd(l-x)Mn(x)Te, was manufactured in several compositions by a synthesis process. The structure of the obtained compounds was the characteristic zinc-blende polycrystalline pattern being the grain size lOOj=20 nm. These materials are manufactured to replace single-crystal compounds in some magneto-optical devices. The cut-off wavelength and the Verdet constant are the same as the single-crystals with identical composition. A polarized laser beam, after having passed through a sample of 0.76 mm thickness, was depolarized less than 2.5%, and 90% of its energy was spread into a 2º cone. Scattering of light is produced because of the polycrystalline structure of these ompounds. Some scattering diagrams, due to the diffraction and Mie scattering in the polycrystalline grains are shown.CICYTDepto. de Estructura de la Materia, Física Térmica y ElectrónicaDepto. de ÓpticaFac. de Ciencias FísicasTRUEpu
Photos of experimental tap.
No full texta) Before experimental tap, b) Experimental tap on the petiole, c) After experimental tap. Also pictured is the tag below the third fully developed leaf from the apex towards the basis.</p
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