10 research outputs found
Tranexamic acid reduces intraoperative red blood cell transfusion rates in craniosynostosis surgery: a 6-year retrospective analysis
No full textSurgery for craniosynostosis in children is associated with substantial intraoperative bleeding and the need for blood transfusions. Recent studies have supported the efficacy of tranexamic acid (TXA) in reducing blood loss and transfusion requirements. The records of 72 patients under 18 months of age who had undergone 113 surgeries for non-syndromic craniosynostosis in a single institution for 6 years were retrospectively analyzed. The transfusion requirements in infants with and without TXA administration were compared. The concept of patient blood management before and after TXA implementation in practice was also examined. The rate of intraoperative packed red blood cells (PRBC) transfusion was significantly lower in the TXA than in the non-TXA group (26.7% vs. 83%, p < 0.001). The volume of intraoperatively transfused PRBC was also lower in the TXA group compared to the non-TXA group (mean 68.25 mL vs. 101.91 mL, p < 0.001), as was the weight-adjusted volume (mean 11.2 mL/kg vs. 15 mL/kg, p = 0.002). There were no significant differences in the rate and volumes of postoperative PRBC transfusion between groups. The volume of intraoperatively transfused PRBC was dependent on TXA administration, but not on the affected suture and type of intervention. We found that while in the pre-TXA period all patients were transfused intraoperatively, the frequency of intraoperative transfusions in the post-TXA period was reduced by 40.9% even in the patients who had not received TXA. TXA seems to effectively reduce the intraoperative transfusion requirements in children undergoing craniosynostosis surgery. The optimal blood management in this patient population remains to be further evaluated
Stereoelectroencephalography Using Magnetic Resonance Angiography for Avascular Trajectory Planning: Technical Report
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Structural and optical modification in 4H-SiC following 30 keV silver ion irradiation
No full textThe market of high power, high frequency and high temperature based electronic devices is captured by SiC due to its superior properties like high thermal conductivity and high sublimation temperature and also due to the limitation of silicon based electronics in this area. There is a need to investigate effect of ion irradiation on SiC due to its application in outer space as outer space is surrounded both by low and high energy ion irradiations. In this work, effect of low energy ion irradiation on structural and optical property of 4H-SiC is investigated. ATR-FTIR is used to study structural modification and UV-Visible spectroscopy is used to study optical modifications in 4H-SiC following 30 keV Ag ion irradiation. FTIR showed decrease in bond density of SiC along the ion path (track) due to the creation of point defects. UV-Visible absorption spectra showed decrease in optical band gap from 3.26 eV to 2.9 eV. The study showed degradation of SiC crystallity and change in optical band gap following low energy ion irradiation and should be addressed while fabricationg devices based on SiC for outer space application. Additionally, this study provides a platform for introducing structural and optical modification in 4H-SiC using ion beam technology in a controlled manner.</p
Electrostimulation mapping of comprehension of auditory and visual words
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Neuromonitoring during anesthesia in spinal neurosurgery: significance and application—a review
Get PDFNeuromonitoring, or intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (IONM), is a key component of modern neurosurgery, particularly in spine surgery. This technique enables continuous monitoring of nerve and spinal cord function during surgical interventions. The primary goal of neuromonitoring is to prevent damage to the nervous system and improve postoperative outcomes (1, 2). Anesthesia during such operations plays a critical role, as the appropriate choice of anesthetic agents and techniques can impact both neuromonitoring effectiveness and patient safety (3)
Silver nanoparticle array on weakly interacting epitaxial graphene substrate as catalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction under neutral conditions
Get PDFThe paucity of research on hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) under neutral conditions, which is a more sustainable way to produce H-2 compared to acidic and alkaline HER, encourages the development of efficient catalytic materials and devices and deeper investigation of the mechanisms behind neutral HER. We present an electrode concept for facilitating HER under neutral conditions. The concept entails the use of annealing-reshaped silver (Ag) nanoparticle array on monolayer epitaxial graphene (MEG) on 4H-SiC. Measurements of HER performance show more positive onset potential of the cathodic HER for Ag-decorated MEG compared to that for pristine MEG, indicating improved water dissociation at Ag/MEG electrodes. Complementary morphological characterization, absorption measurements, and Raman mapping analysis enable us to ascribe the enhanced catalytic performance of electrodes decorated with 2 nm thick annealed Ag on the synergetic effect originating from simultaneous water reduction on circular Ag nanoparticles of 31 nm in diameter and on compressively strained Ag-free graphene regions. The overall results pave the way toward development of stable van der Waals heterostructure electrodes with a tunable metal-carbon interaction for fast HER under neutral conditions. (C) 2021 Author(s). All article content, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).Peer reviewe
Author Correction: Spatial communication systems across languages reflect universal action constraints
Get PDFCorrection to: Nature Human Behaviour https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-023-01697-4, published online 30 October 2023
Target-controlled infusion (TCI) in neuroanesthesia compared with total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA): a review
Get PDFAnesthesia plays a key role in modern surgery, ensuring patient safety and comfort. Total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) and target-controlled infusion (TCI) are two main techniques used to manage anesthesia. This article reviews the principles, advantages, and disadvantages of TCI in the context of neuroanesthesia, compared to traditional TIVA (1-2)
A case report: axillary nerve block in a patient with Myasthenia Gravis
Get PDFTo date, there is a lack of abundant information about the usage of brachial plexus nerve blocks in patients with Myasthenia Gravis.The choice of the regional anesthesia technique depends on the region and the surgical technique, the necessity for tourniquet placement to produce a “bloodless” field, the skills of the anesthesia team, and the individual anatomical characteristics and comorbidities of the patient.Myasthenia Gravis is a chronic, progressive autoimmune disorder characterized by the autoimmune destruction or inactivation of postsynaptic acetylcholine receptors at the neuromuscular junction, leading to a reduced number of receptors, muscle weakness, and easy fatigability of skeletal muscles
