1,394 research outputs found
An integrative method for the evaluation, monitoring, and comparison of seagrass habitat structure
No full textAbstract not availableAndrew D. Irving, Jason E. Tanner, Sam G. Gaylar
Facilitating recruitment of Amphibolis as a novel approach to seagrass rehabilitation in hydrodynamically active waters
No full textWorldwide, 29% of seagrass habitats have been lost over the past century. Compared with large-scale losses, successful restoration programs are usually only small scale (a few hectares). One area of significant seagrass loss (>5200 ha) is Adelaide, South Australia. Improvements to wastewater management have raised the possibility of rehabilitation in this area. Traditional methods of seagrass restoration are expensive and have had limited success owing to high wave energy. We investigated a range of biodegradable substrates, mostly made of hessian (burlap), to enhance Amphibolis recruitment as an alternative. After 5 weeks, 16 514 seedlings, or 157 seedlings m–2, had recruited. Survival declined over the following 12 months to 31.4%, and down to 7.2% after 3 years, in part as a result of breakdown of the hessian, and the wave-exposed nature of the sites. During the initial 12 months, above- and belowground biomass increased 2.6- and 6.4-fold, respectively. The technique may represent a non-destructive, cost-effective (<AU$10 000 ha–1) method to restore Amphibolis over large spatial scales and in areas that are hydrodynamically too active for traditional techniques, thus helping ameliorate some of the large-scale losses of seagrasses that have occurred globally.Rachel J. Wear, Jason E. Tanner and Sonja L. Hoar
An Interview with Jason Ockert
No full textWell before his first collection was published, Jason Ockert had already seen his work printed in some of the best literary magazines of our time: Oxford American, McSweeney’s, the Iowa Review, and other publications that have paved the way for so many of our literary greats. It was therefore no real surprise that Ockert’s Rabbit Punches, which was lauded by critics as “riotously funny,” “quirky, unsettling, and full of unexpected turns,” would soon see a worthy follow up in Neighbors of Nothing, a story collection that Junot Diaz described as “beautiful, searching and generous,” and which earned the author a Shirley Jackson Fiction Award nomination. Now with Wasp Box, a novel forthcoming with Panhandler Books in Spring 2015, we are treated to a high-octane version of the witty, heartbreaking, and slightly absurd themes that earned Ockert his early reputation as “a writer to be watched.
The effect of welfare reform and technological change on unemployment
No full textUnemployment has fallen to its lowest level in a generation. Some welcome this development because they believe it increases the average person's ability to achieve the American dream. Others view low unemployment as a precursor to dire economic consequences. Jason Saving examines the issue of unemployment and reaches three main conclusions. First, welfare reform can significantly reduce unemployment, and the empirical evidence to date suggests the recent American welfare reform effort has caused hundreds of thousands of Americans to leave the welfare rolls and enter the labor force. Second, welfare reform can increase the official unemployment rate, but it cannot increase the number of people who are out of work. Finally, technological change can help low-skilled or disabled individuals become productive members of the labor force, and there is reason to believe it has done so during the 1990s.
The influence of finfish aquaculture on benthic fish and crustacean assemblages in Fitzgerald Bay, South Australia
No full textThe influence of sea-cage aquaculture on wildfish assemblages has received little attention outside of Europe. Sea-cage aquaculture of finfish is a major focus in South Australia, and while the main species farmed is southern bluefin tuna (Thunnus maccoyii), there is also an important yellowtail kingfish (Seriola lalandi) industry. Yellowtail kingfish aquaculture did not appear to have any local or regional effects on demersal assemblages (primarily fish, but also some crustaceans) surveyed by baited remote underwater video (BRUV) in Fitzgerald Bay. We did, however, detect small scale spatial variations in assemblages within the bay. The type of bait used strongly influenced the assemblage recorded, with significantly greater numbers of fish attracted to deployments where sardines were used as the bait to compared to those with no bait. The pelleted feed used by the aquaculture industry was just as attractive as sardines at one site, and intermediate between sardines and no bait at the other. There was significant temporal variability in assemblages at both farm sites and one control site, while the second control site was temporally stable (over the 9 weeks of the study). Overall, the results suggested that aquaculture was having little if any impact on the abundance and assemblage structure of the demersal macrofauna in Fitzgerald Bay.Jason E. Tanner, and Kane William
Tewaaraton : La crosse / Lacrosse
No full text"In 2022 the Niagara Region welcomes the Canada Games; 2022 also marks the reintroduction of the Indigenous game of lacrosse. By thematizing lacrosse, this book celebrates the role sport plays in promoting cultural diversity. It features work by poet Jason Stefanik / Jay Stafinak, who grew up and lives in a Métis / mixed environment; photographer Marjorie Kaniehtonkie Skidders of the Mohawk Nation at Akwesasne; Franco-Ontarian author Paul Savoie; and the Toronto Experimental Translation Collective (TETC). They invite us to discover lacrosse from a creative perspective. Their talent and their enthusiastic participation to this volume in French and English are a poignant demonstration of kindness and mutual appreciation. The book reflects our diversity." -- Distributor's websit
Devi, Vimala. Monsoon. Tradução Paul Melo e Castro. Introdução Jason Keith Fernandes. London, New York, Calcutta: Seagull, 2019.
No full textMonsoon (2019) is an English translation of the short story book Monção (1963/2003) by the Goan Portuguese-speaking author, Vimala Devi, by the professor of Portuguese language literature Paul Melo e Castro (University of Glasgow). The book features an introduction written by Dr. Jason Keith Fernandes, a note on the translation by Melo e Castro and a glossary of terms in Concani, the official language of Goa, and in Portuguese, translated into English. For the literary value of the work and the quality of the translation, Monsoon appeared on The New York Times\u27 2019 Globetrotter List
The influence of prawn trawling on sessile benthic assemblages
No full textAbstract: Most experimental studies on the effects of trawling on the benthos use remote sampling techniques and are conducted in recently trawled areas. Thus it is difficult to determine the effects of trawling on previously unfished areas, and the fates of individual animals cannot be followed. In this study, I follow the fates of individuals of several sessile taxa when exposed to experimental trawling in areas that have not been trawled for some 15-20 years. Although there was a significant trawling by location effect for all multivariate analyses and most individual taxa, I found that trawling had an overall negative effect on the benthos. Epifauna at trawled sites decreased in abundance by 28% within 2 weeks of trawling and by another 8% in the following 2-3 months (compared with control sites). Seasonal seagrasses were also less likely to colonise trawled sites than untrawled sites. The persistence of most taxa declined significantly in trawled areas compared with untrawled areas. In contrast to this, the recruitment rates of several taxa into visible size classes increased after trawling, presumably because of a reduction in competition. Résumé : La plupart des études des effets du chalutage sur le benthos utilisent des techniques d'échantillonnage à distance et sont menées sur des surfaces récemment soumises au chalutage. Il est ainsi difficile de déterminer les effets du chalutage sur des surfaces où on n'a pas encore pêché par chalutage et, de plus, le sort d'animaux individuels ne peut pas être suivi. La présente étude suit le sort de plusieurs taxons sessiles exposés à un chalutage expérimental à des sites sur lesquels on n'a pas pêché par chalutage depuis environ 15-20 ans. Il y a un effet significatif du chalutage × site dans toutes les analyses multidimensionnelles et pour la plupart des taxons considérés individuellement; l'effet global du chalutage est négatif pour le benthos. L'épifaune décline en abondance de 28 % en moins de 2 semaines après le chalutage et d'un 8 % supplémentaire dans les 2-3 mois qui suivent (par comparaison aux sites témoins). Les herbes marines saisonnières sont aussi moins susceptibles de coloniser les sites soumis au chalutage que les sites où il n'y a pas eu de pêche. La persistance de la plupart des taxons diminue de façon significative aux sites de chalutage par rapport aux sites sans chalutage. En revanche, les taux de recrutement de plusieurs classes de taille visibles augmentent chez de nombreux taxons après le chalutage, sans doute à cause d'une réduction de la compétition. [Traduit par la Rédaction] Tanner 52
The influence of introduced European green crabs (Carcinus maenas) on habitat selection by juvenile native blue crabs (Portunus pelagicus)
No full text© 2007 Springer. Part of Springer Science+Business MediaThe European green crab (Carcinus maenas) is a highly successful marine invader, having established populations in a number of areas outside its natural range in the last 100 years. In South Australia,C. maenas can be abundant on intertidal mud flats, which are used by juveniles of the native blue swimmer crab (Portunus pelagicus) and could have the potential to cause substantial negative effects on this species. The influence of adult blue and green crabs on habitat selection by juvenile blue crabs was tested to determine if they responded to both predators in a similar fashion. The presence of predators did not influence habitat selection by juvenile blue crabs in either laboratory or field experiments, but juvenile behavior in the selected habitat did differ between the two adult species. Many more crabs buried themselves beneath the substrate when adult conspecifics were present than when adult green crabs were present. Burying in the presence of adult green crabs was no more frequent than when predators were absent. It remains to be determined if this makes juvenile blue crabs more vulnerable to predation by green crabs than by adults of their own species, or if the difference in response is because green crabs pose a different or lesser threatJason E. Tanne
Restoration of the seagrass Amphibolis antarctica - temporal variability and long-term success
No full textThe loss of seagrass meadows is an increasing problem worldwide. The important role that these meadows play in coastal ecosystems has resulted in substantial attention to the development of seagrass restoration techniques. Here, I present long-term (up to 5 years) results of seagrass restoration off the coast of Adelaide, South Australia, where >5,000 ha of seagrass has been lost and where trials of traditional restoration techniques using seeds and transplants have failed due to high levels of sand and water movement. Hessian (burlap) sandbags were deployed bimonthly (with some interruptions) from November 2007 to November 2012 (a total of 24 deployments), with a mix of single- and double-layered bags, to provide a stable substrate for naturally occurring Amphibolis seedlings to recruit to. At the end of the study (January 2013), bags deployed in August 2009 had similar stem densities to those found in adjacent natural meadows (15.2 ± 1.4 (SE) vs 18.6 ± 2.5). Bags deployed in May 2008 and August 2011 had 12.8 ± 2.3 and 13.2 ± 2.2 stems, respectively. Furthermore, stem lengths on older bags were greater than those on natural meadows (42.1 ± 4.2 after 62 months vs 30.2 ± 1.5 cm). While there was some interannual variation in recruitment success, the strongest predictor of success was deployment month. Bags deployed outside the austral winter recruitment season did not retain the ability to catch a large number of recruits, indicating that any restoration using this technique will have to be undertaken between approximately May and August to maximize chances of success.Jason E. Tanne
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