1,639 research outputs found
Active noise control over a large region with multiple spherical microphone arrays in wave domain
No full textActive Noise Control (ANC) over large regions of interest (ROI) traditionally requires numerous evenly distributed error microphones, which is often impractical and obstructive for human occupants. In this paper, we proposed a wave domain adaptive ANC algorithm using the joint information from multiple error spherical microphone arrays (SMAs) on the boundary of the ROI. By mapping the SMA recordings to the virtual sound field and introducing ℓ
1 norm on the virtual plane wave weights, the proposed method can achieve good noise reduction over the entire larger ROI, especially when the number of noise sources is finite and sparse. Our finding presents a significant advancement in spatial ANC, paving the way for more effective and unobtrusive solutions in a range of environments.</p
How has the new round of farmland certification in China affected farmers’ economic welfare?
No full textIt is vital to evaluate the effects of China’s farmland certification programme on farmers’ economic welfare and clarify the impact mechanism. This paper uses the China Labour Dynamics Survey (2014, 2016), 1 building endogenous switching regression and endogenous switching probit models to test the impact of the farmland certification programme on farmers’ net agricultural income and poverty status after correcting for endogeneity. A robustness analysis is conducted applying instrumental variable and propensity score matching methods. The results indicate that the farmland certification programme can significantly increase farmer households’ economic welfare, including an 83.10% improvement in agricultural net income and a 3.17% reduction in poverty. Farmland certification also prompts farmers to allocate more resources to agriculture and reduces poverty by increasing farmers’ agricultural income. This study presents a constructive evaluation of the performance of China’s farmland certification policy, providing a strong theoretical and empirical foundation and a useful policy reference for consolidating the achievements of poverty alleviation and effectively linking rural revitalisation
Supplemental material for Acid-labile hyperbranched poly(ortho ester amido amine) as efficient gene carriers: Preparation, characterization, and in vitro evaluation
No full textSupplemental Material for Acid-labile hyperbranched poly(ortho ester amido amine) as efficient gene carriers: Preparation, characterization, and in vitro evaluation by Shuting Li, Liefeng Hu, Jun Wang, Guo Yan, Xin Wang, Dapeng Li, Xiaoli Zeng and Rupei Tang in Journal of Biomaterials Applications</p
Highlights of the Chinese exposure factors handbook (adults) /
No full textThe Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences (CRAES) has conducted the Environmental exposure related activity pattern research of Chinese population (Adults). Exposure Factors Handbook of Chinese Population (Adults) was compiled based on the results from this study. Highlights of the Chinese Exposure Factors Handbook is a brief introduction to the content of Exposure Factors Handbook of Chinese Population (Adults). In each chapter, definitions, possible influence factors, and survey methods have been introduced, followed by recommended values for urban/rural areas, different genders, age groups and regions with information of mean, median and P5, P25, P75, P95 values. With the abundant data and tables, readers are provided with an accessible and comprehensive overview of Chinese exposure factors.Includes bibliographical references.Vendor-supplied metadata.The Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences (CRAES) has conducted the Environmental exposure related activity pattern research of Chinese population (Adults). Exposure Factors Handbook of Chinese Population (Adults) was compiled based on the results from this study. Highlights of the Chinese Exposure Factors Handbook is a brief introduction to the content of Exposure Factors Handbook of Chinese Population (Adults). In each chapter, definitions, possible influence factors, and survey methods have been introduced, followed by recommended values for urban/rural areas, different genders, age groups and regions with information of mean, median and P5, P25, P75, P95 values. With the abundant data and tables, readers are provided with an accessible and comprehensive overview of Chinese exposure factors.Front Cover -- Highlights of the Chinese Exposure Factors Handbook (Adults) -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- Preface -- Foreword -- Synopsis -- List of Tables -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Background and purpose -- 1.2 Targeted exposure factors -- 1.3 The approach to developing recommended values of exposure factors -- 1.4 Uncertainty and variability -- 1.5 Limitation and further research needs -- 2 Inhalation Rates -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Recommended values -- 3 Water Ingestion Rates -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Recommended values -- 4 Food Intake4.1 Introduction4.2 Recommended values -- 5 Time-Activity Factors Related to Air Exposure -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Recommended values -- 6 Time-Activity Factors Related to Water Exposure -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Recommended values -- 7 Time-Activity Factors Related to Soil Exposure -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Recommended values -- 8 Time-Activity Factors Related to Electromagnetic Exposure -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Recommended values -- 9 Body Weight -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Recommended values -- 10 Body Surface Area -- 10.1 Introduction10.2 Recommended values11 Life Expectancy -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Recommended values -- 12 Residential Factors -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 Recommended values -- References -- AcknowledgmentsElsevie
Occurrence of green mold disease on Dictyophora rubrovolvata caused by Trichoderma koningiopsis
No full textEvaluation of COMPASS ionospheric grid
No full textAs an important component of the augmentation service, the ionospheric grid contributes to improving single-frequency positioning accuracy. The ionospheric delay corrections are broadcast as vertical delay estimates at specified ionospheric grid points (IGPs) for most satellite-based augmentation system, where the IGPs are predefined with a resolution of 5A degrees and 5A degrees in latitude and longitude. Different from the general strategy, the COMPASS IGPs are predefined with a resolution of 2.5A degrees and 5A degrees in latitude and longitude. The need for this special IGPs distribution is investigated with experiments using real data. The performance of the COMPASS ionospheric grid is analyzed in terms of accuracy and availability. Comparing the performance of the special IGPs distribution with that of 5A degrees A xA 5A degrees IGPs, the results show that the ionospheric correction improves by 0.2 m and the 3D positioning accuracy improves by 1 m in middle-low latitude regions. The RMS of the COMPASS grid ionospheric correction accuracy is better than 0.5 m in most regions of the China mainland, and the availability is better than 95 % except in the northeast, northwest and outside China. In addition, we investigated the performance of the method that combined the inverse distance weighted and spherical harmonics grid modeling algorithm. Simulations show that the new method clearly improves grid availability. The mean availability in the mainland is better than 99 %
First report of <i>Fusarium foetens</i> causing tobacco root and stem rots in Guizhou, China
No full textIn September of 2019, root and stem rots were observed in tobacco plants in Xingren, Guizhou Province, China. Typical symptoms included rotted roots and stems, failure to form vascular bundles or complete necrosis of vascular bundle tissues, and the plant later showed hollow stems and complete wilt. In a 0.13-ha field, the disease incidence was 50%–60%, causing serious economic losses. Based on morphological characteristics and molecular identification, as well as confirmation of pathogenesis following Koch's postulates, the causal agent was identified as Fusarium foetens. To our knowledge, this study is the first report of F. foetens as a pathogen on tobacco causing root and stem rot in Guizhou, China. The identification of the pathogen could lay the basis for its sustainable management in future.</p
Bungona (Chopralla) liebenauae Braasch & Luu 1987
No full textBungona (Chopralla) liebenauae (Soldán, Braasch & Muu, 1987) (Figs 60–67) Centroptella liebenauae: Soldán, Braasch & Muu, 1987: 342. Chopralla liebenauae: Tong & Dudgeon, 2003b: 17. Bungona (Chopralla) liebenauae: Salles, Gattolliat & Sartori, 2016: 104. Material examined. CHINA. Guangdong: 70 nymphs, Huizhou, Nankunshan Nature Reserve (23.63°N, 113.89°E, alt. 670m), 26.v.2003, coll. Xiaoli Tong; 1 nymph, Yangchun, Xinning, Hecang River (22.5°N, 111.5°N, alt. 440m), 16.v.2004, coll. Sanbao Tang; 1 nymph on slides and 95 nymphs, Xinyi, Tianmashan Mountain (22.46°N, 110.69°E, alt. 380m), 2.iv.2011 and 19.ix.2011, coll. Weifang Shi. Guangxi: 102 nymphs, Jinxiu, Dayaoshan National Nature Reserve (24.12°N, 110.21°E, alt. 780m), 26.ix.2011, coll. Weifang Shi & Shulan Yang; 5 nymphs, Jinxiu, Laoshan Forest Station (24.12°N, 110.20°E, alt. 920m), 17.xi.2011, coll. Weifang Shi & Shulan Yang; 2 nymphs on slides and 16 nymphs, Jinxiu, Shibajia Forest Station (24.20°N, 110.29°E, alt. 770m), 18.xi.2011, coll. Weifang Shi & Shulan Yang. Yunnan: 1 nymph, Yangbi County, Pingpo Town, Pingpo Bridge (25.59°N, 100.05°E, alt. 1400m), 21.vii.2013, coll. Hongxing Chen. Distribution and biology. China (Yunnan, Guangxi, Guangdong); Vietnam. The nymphs (Fig. 59) are usually found in slow current reaches of clean mountain streams (Fig. 67) and sometimes with substantial populations on the stone surfaces as indicated from the specimens listed above. Comments. Described based on nymphs and imagoes from Vietnam in the genus Centroptella (Soldán et al. 1987), this species was transferred to the subgenus Chopralla of Bungona by Salles et al. (2016) based on the tarsal claws bearing two rows of denticles. Bungona (Ch.) liebenauae is here recorded from China for the first time. This species has an unusual characteristics which can easily distinguish it from its congeners: the presence of a pair of submarginal median tubercles posteriorly on pronotum (Figs 62–63). Other features, such as base of glossa not reaching inner 1/3 of paraglossa (Fig. 61), dentate tarsal claws (Fig. 64) and characteristic contrasting body colour pattern (Fig. 66), clearly fit the concept of Chopralla proposed by Salles et al. (2016).Published as part of Shi, Weifang & Tong, Xiaoli, 2019, Genus Bungona Harker, 1957 (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae) from China, with descriptions of three new species and a key to Oriental species, pp. 571-585 in Zootaxa 4586 (3) on pages 582-583, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4586.3.12, http://zenodo.org/record/264711
Risk assessment of aggressive behavior in Chinese patients with schizophrenia by fMRI and COMT gene
No full textXiaoli Tang,1 Jun Jin,1 Yi Tang,1 Jinbo Cao,1 Junjie Huang2 1Department of Radiology, Shekou People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, 2Department of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China Background: Blood–oxygen-level dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging (BOLD-fMRI) maps cerebral activity by the hemodynamic response. Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) gene is involved in the metabolism of dopamine. It is reported that both of these can be used to assess the aggression risk in patients with schizophrenia. However, these methods to assess the aggression risk patients with schizophrenia have not been established in China. Therefore, we deliver here a systematic review and meta-analysis based on the studies dealing with Chinese patients. Method: Nine fMRI studies and 12 gene studies were included. The data of each study were extracted and summarized. Odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals were estimated on allele, dominant, and recessive models. Publication bias was evaluated by Begg’s funnel plot. Results: Positive BOLD-fMRI values in the lower central neural system (CNS) and negative values in the high-level CNS were observed in the patients with aggression risk. A strong association was derived from the recessive gene model of COMT polymorphism rs4680 and risk in aggression behavior (odds ratio =2.10). No significant publication bias was identified. Conclusion: Aggression behavior in patients with schizophrenia can be indicated by positive BOLD-fMRI values in the lower CNS and negative values in the high-level CNS and by a recessive gene model in COMT polymorphism rs4680. A combined test of fMRI and COMT gene could increase the predictive value. Keywords: aggression, schizophrenia, Chinese, fMRI, COMT, meta-analysi
Structure from motion without projective consistency
No full textStructure-from-motion (SFM) studies have shown that people are good at perceiving 3D structure in dynamic dot displays consistent with rigid object rotation. However, observers can perceive volumetric structure even when image motion is inconsistent with rigid rotation. As an extreme case, in dynamic figure-ground displays containing textural motion, observers perceive one set of regions as rotating in 3D, despite constant dot speed everywhere (projectively inconsistent with 3D rotation; Froyen et al. 2013, JOV; Tanrikulu et al., 2013, 2014, VSS). It is unclear, however, to what extent this extreme “tolerance” is due to the figure-ground competition in those displays. Here we used standard SFM displays, depicting a single object in isolation, and manipulated the discrepancy of image motion from 3D rigid rotation. We started not with 3D objects, but with a 2D velocity field within a vertically oriented ellipse. For an ellipsoid rotating about its principal axis, its orthographic-projected speed profile is a cosine function along each orthogonal “rib”. We manipulated the proportion α of cosine speed vs. constant speed (range 0-1), and the motion direction θ relative to the orthogonal ribs (range 0-60°). In experiment 1, observers used a 7-point scale to rate the degree to which the display depicted a volumetric object. In experiment 2, observers adjusted the depth to match the SFM displays. Both experiments shows that the volumetric percepts increased significantly with α, and were surprisingly tolerant to deviations from the projectively correct α=1, θ=0. For α, volumetric ratings increased between 0-0.6 but plateaued beyond 0.6. The effect of θ was surprisingly small, with even θ=45° yielding high volumetric ratings. Then we applied a rigidity-based computer vision model to our displays, and compared the model prediction with observers’ data. The comparison shows that the rigidity-based model does not predict human’s volumetric percepts correctly. In addition, the predicted motion from the model has large deviations from the display itself in terms of rotation axis. Thus even in standard SFM displays, the 3D percept was surprisingly tolerant to discrepancies from projectively correct rigid object motion. These results argue for a more nuanced view of 3D interpretation in which strict projective consistency plays a less prominent role than in conventional SFM accounts.Ph.D.Includes bibliographical referencesby Xiaoli H
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