1,720,955 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Electrocatalysis Of Oxygen Evolution Reaction On Sriro3 Grown Using Molecular Beam Epitaxy
No full textElectrochemical generation of oxygen via the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is a key enabling step for many air-breathing electrochemical energy storage devices. Among the known OER catalysts, IrO2 (Ir4+: 5d5) is among the most active. In this thesis we present our measurement of the OER kinetics on single-crystal, epitaxial SrIrO3(100) synthesized using molecular-beam epitaxy on DyScO3(110). We find that by switching the host structure of the Ir4+ octahedra from edge-sharing rutile (IrO2) to corner-sharing perovskite (SrIrO3), the OER activity can increase by more than an order of magnitude. The dependence of the OER activity on the structure of Ir4+ suggests on the importance of the neighboring structure beyond a simple Ir4+-O6 unit in OER electrocatalysis. This finding highlights the need to incorporate the near-neighbor interaction consideration to the design of the future transition metal oxide electrocatalysts
Uremic Toxins Removal in Kidney Dialysis through Molecularly Imprinted Polymers and Membranes
No full textThesis (Ph.D.)--University of Washington, 2022Traditional hemodialysis disturbs the personal lives of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients while providing poor outcomes (5-year survival rate <50%). Portable or wearable hemodialysis machines provide continuous hemodialysis similar to human kidneys, and have the potential to liberate ESRD patients and improve the treatment outcomes. However, a key challenge towards the development of portable dialysis devices is to decrease the consumption of the dialysate (120 L dialysate needed for one traditional hemodialysis session). This problem could be solved by removing specific toxins from used dialysate to achieve dialysate recycle, for which molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) and membranes are good candidate materials.This dissertation provides material solutions to enable dialysate purification in portable dialysis devices. In Chapter 2 of this dissertation, we developed MIPs for specific removal of trimethylamine nitro-oxide (TMAO) in pure water. We systematically
optimized the performance of MIPs against functional monomers, monomer/crosslinker ratio, monomer additives, and template amount. We identified the best-performed MIPs to have the composition of MAA/EGDMA = 8:1, synthesized through thermal polymerization and purified by Soxhlet extraction. The developed MIPs can specifically bind to TMAO against structurally similar compounds (i.e., dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)) in pure water solutions, with a capacity of 1 mg/g. From isotherm characterization, we observed a 6.81mg/g maximum capacity of the MIPs, while the corresponding non-imprinted polymers only have a 0.28 mg/g maximum capacity, indicating the success of molecular imprinting. We evaluated the MIPs capacity under various flow conditions (1-20 mL/min) and observed a stable capacity of 1 mg/g towards TMAO. Based on this capacity, only 160 g MIPs are needed for one hemodialysis session, demonstrating enough capacity for portable dialysis machines.
In Chapters 3 and 4 of this dissertation, we developed MIPs that can specifically remove indoxyl sulfate and p-cresol sulfate. In pure water, we developed the best-performed MIPs through a combination of three functional monomers with one crosslinker, dimethylaminoethyl methacrylamide (DMAEMA): hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) : styrene : ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) = 1:2:1:5, providing electrostatic interactions, hydrogen bonding and stacking interaction, respectively. The best MIPs showed a capacity of 3.3 mg/g with high capacity and specificity against two competing compounds (tryptophan and glutamic acid). In dialysate solution with physiologic ion strength, the optimal MIPs in pure water showed moderate capacity of 0.5mg/g. We further optimized the MIPs performance in dialysate by switching charged functional monomer from tertiary amine DMAEMA to primary amine (N-(3-aminopropyl) methacrylamide
(APM), which improved the capacity to 2.5 mg/g in dialysate while sustaining the same specificity. APM potentially brought additional hydrogen bonds as well as electrostatic interaction to effectively remove indoxyl sulfate and p-cresol sulfate.
Chapter 5 of this dissertation developed membranes to specifically separate glucose from urea in dialysate. We systematically studied the influence of polymer choice, polymer concentration, synthesis temperature, molecular imprint, additives, and solvent composition to the membrane’s permeability. We identified a cellulose acetate membrane, synthesized with 14 wt% of cellulose acetate in a mixture of solvents with 46 wt% dioxane, 18 wt% acetone, 8 wt% acetic acid, and 14 wt% that were able to permeate urea while completely excluding glucose, which enabled the electro-oxidation of urea in portable dialysis machines. The cellulose acetate membranes showed a permeation ratio between urea and glucose ratio of >30. We further increased the flux of urea by 1.8à , while maintaining the exclusion of glucose for the membranes, via an optimized heat treatment temperature of 65°C. The optimized membranes showed a urea permeation coefficient of 3.6 cm2/s. For 14 g of urea generated per day in the human body, only 6 h is required to permeate through 1m2 of the membrane
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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