1,721,047 research outputs found
Part I - Ch 2 A constant need for change
No full textRivers, Ports, Waterways and Dredging Engineerin
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
The Flexible Port
No full textPorts are beset with many uncertainties about their futures. They are confronted with new demands in terms of functions and scales, new external constraints, and changed expectations. The inability to adequately meet these demands can mean costly adaptations for a port, or loss of cargo and competitive position. A plausible reason is that the traditional practices of port planning have remained static in this dynamic world. Traditional port planners do not habitually think in terms of uncertainty, and therefore propose inflexible plans and designs based on deterministic forecasts. Clearly, a new approach is required. Flexibility helps a port to adapt to a wide range of exogenous developments. This is possible at all levels of a port infrastructure system: in its physical infrastructure, its procedures and operations, and the services it provides. This thesis proposes a method called Adaptive Port Planning (APP). Real-life case studies have established that APP can accommodate diverse planning needs and deliver flexible and robust solutions that can better withstand the vagaries of the future. In reality there are barriers, however. Adoption and successful implementation of APP by organizations involved in port planning and design faces many barriers. The conservative port industry, the nature of port projects constrained by legal procedures that limit flexibility, the traditional role assigned to an engineer doing the planning, the organizational culture that leaves little room for new techniques, the extra investments associated with flexible designs, and the fact that innovation is low priority in times of uncertainty, all represent barriers. A ‘strategic planner’ is required: a generalist who can take a holistic approach, understand the tasks of an engineer, economist, manager, and a policymaker, and is able to communicate with the many disciplines in his planning team. He must be able to integrate their knowledge, incorporate uncertainty considerations in standards and projects, seek innovative flexible solutions, and justify them to the authorities.Hydraulic EngineeringCivil Engineering and Geoscience
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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