3 research outputs found
A Study on marine macrofoulers in South Harbor, Manila Bay, Philippines (2014)
No full textThe South Harbor-Manila Bay serves as a habitat to a wide array of marine species including biofouling species like barnacles, mussels, gastropods, and polychaetes. However, anthropogenic activities and various industries in the bay continue to contribute to the degradation of Manila Bay’s water quality, which greatly affects the marine species present. The aim of this study was to determine the species composition of the marine macrofouling community of South Harbor-Manila Bay and estimate biodiversity through diversity indices. A comparison was made to a previous survey conducted by Vallejo et al. (2012) to monitor the species present in the area. The protocol and fouler collector utilized in the study was adapted from the North Pacific Marine Sciences Organization (PICES) method for regular monitoring of non-indigenous species of ports. Fouler collectors were deployed at five random sampling points around the South Harbor- Manila Ocean Park for sixty days (from November 27, 2013 to January 26, 2014) to identify the species that compose the macrofouling community of the proximity. Fifteen macrofouling species were identified, belonging to the classes Polychaeta, Maxillopoda, Anthozoa, Bivalvia, Gastropoda, Turbellaria and Gymnolaemata. The dominant species present was found to be Balanus amphitrite, with a relative abundance of 56.82%, followed by polycheate worms, with a relative abundance of 34.38%. The values obtained for Shannon-Weiner index, Simpson’s index, and Margalef’s index were 0.57, 0.61 and 3.51, respectively, all showed low diversity, which is attributed to the high disturbance in the area. Eight out of fifteen species collected were consistent with previous observations by Vallejo et al (2012). Further comparison with the previous survey showed an increase in relative abundance of reported non-indigenous bivalve (Vallejo et al. 2012), Mytilopsis sallei
A comparative study on the vitro antimicrobial properties of Psidium guajava leaf extract vs Vancomycin on Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
No full textThe research was conducted to investigate antibacterial properties in a methanolic leaf extract of P. guajava against Methicilin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and compare it to that of Vancomycin. Leaf extracts were obtained using a methanol solvent and analysis of its phytochemical properties revealed high levels of flavonoids, saponins, and tannins, compounds to which the antibacterial activity of P. guajava was attributed. The P. guajava leaf extract was serially diluted and was tested its antibacterial activity through Agar dilution method. In both methods, all concentrations of the leaf extract failed to show any inhibitory activity against MRSA, indicating resistance of the organism. The absence of antimicrobial activity of the methanol P. guava leaf extracts may be due to the resistance of the clinical strain, inferior effect of leaf extracts compared to stem barks, less flavonoid and phenolic content extracted by the methanol solvent compared to ethanol solvent, and improper storage of the leaf extract. Further research on P. guajava was recommended to investigate its mechanism of action, medical interactions, and pharmacokinetic profile. Moreover, an alternative method was recommended, such as the well-diffusion method
