282 research outputs found
Tan Guanglian (K. L. Tam, Tam Kwong-lim) Cong yuanfang dao jingwei : Xianggang yu Hua'nan lishi ditu cangzhen, 2010
No full textPtak Roderich. Tan Guanglian (K. L. Tam, Tam Kwong-lim) Cong yuanfang dao jingwei : Xianggang yu Hua'nan lishi ditu cangzhen, 2010. In: Bulletin de l'Ecole française d'Extrême-Orient. Tome 95-96, 2008. pp. 553-556
Tan Guanglian (K. L. Tam, Tam Kwong-lim) Cong yuanfang dao jingwei : Xianggang yu Hua'nan lishi ditu cangzhen, 2010
No full textPtak Roderich. Tan Guanglian (K. L. Tam, Tam Kwong-lim) Cong yuanfang dao jingwei : Xianggang yu Hua'nan lishi ditu cangzhen, 2010. In: Bulletin de l'Ecole française d'Extrême-Orient. Tome 95-96, 2008. pp. 553-556
Four-Chinese-character Words in Missionaries' Documents in China : A Comparison with the Written Documents of Dutch Studies in Japan
No full text北京外国語大学Beijing Foreign Studies University本稿に先立って,筆者は,朱京偉(2011a,2011b)で蘭学資料の三字漢語を考察し,在華宣教師資料の三字語との比較対照を行なった。また,朱京偉(2011c)で蘭学資料の四字漢語を取り上げ,できる限りその全体像を描いてみた。これらに続く作業としては,在華宣教師資料の四字語を検討し,蘭学資料の四字漢語との比較を行なうことである。このような日中対照を通して,19世紀当時の,日本語の四字漢語と中国語の四字語のそれぞれの特徴を明らかにすることによってはじめて,両者間の影響関係を正しくとらえることができると考える。結論からいうと,在華宣教師資料の四字語は,基本的な構成パターンで蘭学資料の四字漢語と大差がないように見えるものの,その中身をくわしく検討すると,語数が全体的に少ない上,語基と語基の結合関係の分布も異なる。こうした語構成上の相違は,多かれ少なかれ日中両言語の四字語の造語力に影響を与えたと思われる。The author has previously carried out a comprehensive analysis of three-Chinese-character words in documents written by Dutch Studies scholars in Japan (Zhu Jingwei, 2011a). In another paper (Zhu Jingwei, 2011b), the author expanded his research to three-Chinese-character words in missionaries' documents and compared Chinese and Japanese three-Chinese-character words from a lexicological perspective. In a third paper (Zhu Jingwei, 2011c), the author focused on four-Chinese-character words. The present paper continues this line of research by investigating the four-Chinese-character words used in missionaries' documents and comparing those found in Dutch Studies documents. The author found that, in terms of word formation patterns, there is no significant difference between the two types of documents, but the numbers of Chinese and Japanese four-character words involving the same word formation pattern differ greatly. The research shows no direct 'word-borrowing' relationship in four-Chinese-character words between the missionary documents and the Dutch Studies documents. The borrowing of four-Chinese-character words must have started only in the Meiji period.application/pdfdepartmental bulletin pape
Yuan Shu and the Movement for Asiatic Regeneration and National Reconstruction: The Activities of Pro-Peace Advocates Before and After the Formation of the Reorganized National Government of China (Wang Jingwei Regime)
No full textThe Movement for Asiatic Regeneration and Nationa1 Reconstruction (MARNR 興亜建国運動, abbr. 興建運動) was organized in Shanghai in 1939 at the request of Army Lt. General Kagesa Sadaaki to support the peace efforts of Wang Jingwei, The core of the Movement was formed by Iwai Eiichi, vice-consul of the Shanghai Japanese Consulate and his Chinese friend Yuan Shu, a young Journalist and member of the Communist Party underground with connections to the Kuomintang’s Special Operations Agency. Although the Movement called for peace with Japan, both its ideals and activities emphasized Chinese autonomy, essentially with no Japanese involvement. The participants were mainly people affiliated with Yuan Shu, including Kuomintang special operations agents, university professors, lawyers, labor organizations and writers, who may have had experience in the anti-Japanese resistant movement and the Communist Party, but who now agreed with the ideals of the Movement. The Movement, which expanded by concentrating on the mobilization of students and workers, started out with the objective of forming a political party, but due to opposition from Wang’s Kuomintang faction, ended up functioning as a cultural and intellectual movement. The facts that the Movement l) was organized in the process of creating Japan’s policy towards China, 2) depended on Japanese funding and 3) was based on the personal relationship between Iwai and Yuan indicate similarities to other pro-Japanese citizens groups. On the other hand, its incorporation of social activists and organizing activities among students and workers differ markedly from other pro-Japanese groups, which were centered around anti-Jiang Jieshi and anti-Communist politicians, merchants and entrepreneurs. Immediately following the formation of the Wang Jingwei regime, MARNR continued to be active, introducing its opinion in Japan and drawing attention mainly from right-wing groups. However, when Wang decided to set up the Chinese General Assembly of the East Asian League (東亜聯盟中国総会), all the pro-Japanese factions were merged into a single organization, and MARNR was disbanded on 17 December 1940. Despite the absence of an organization, the former members continued to be actively involved in journalism under either the East Asian League, the counterinsurgency Qingxiang gongzuo (search the country and eliminate rebels 清郷工作) or the Wang Jingwei regime. The author concludes that MARNR's activities also had beneficial effects on Wang Jingwei regime’s governance.journal articl
Further Characterization of Pathogen Virulence and Genetic Mapping of New Virulence Genes in Pyrenophora tritici-repentis, the Causal Agent of Tan Spot of Wheat
No full textThe ascomycete Pyrenophora tritici-repentis (Ptr) causes tan spot of wheat, a devastating foliar disease on both common wheat (Triticum aestivum L., 2n=6x=42, AABBDD) and durum (T. turgidum ssp. durum L., 2n=4x=28, AABB). Ptr is known to produce three necrotrophic effectors (NEs), namely Ptr ToxA, Ptr ToxB and Ptr ToxC, to cause disease by interacting with corresponding host sensitivity genes. However, many studies in the last twenty years have suggested that Ptr produces additional virulence factors. My Ph.D. research focused on further identification and genetic mapping of new virulence genes in Ptr. In Chapter 2, a bi-parental fungal population was developed from a cross between two genetically modified heterothallic fungal strains followed by genotyping, phenotyping and QTL mapping. Two QTLs were identified with one being major and the other being minor, which confer virulence of 86-124 toward a Ptr ToxA-insensitive wheat line. In addition, the multiple copy gene ToxB was mapped to two genetically independent loci with one having five copies and the other having a single copy. In Chapter 3, I further characterized virulence of some Ptr isolates obtained from Chapter 2 that do not produce any known NEs. These isolates should be classified as race 4 but were found to still cause disease on many common wheat and durum cultivars. Using a common wheat host population, I identified several QTLs associated with the reaction to these isolates, which are different from three known host sensitivity gene loci. In Chapter 4, several natural race 4 isolates collected in North Dakota were shown to cause no or little disease on common wheat genotypes but cause disease on durum and other tetraploid wheat. Using a segregating population, I identified several new QTL associated with disease caused by these race 4 isolates, suggesting the presence of new virulence factors in these isolates. My Ph.D. research greatly advanced the understanding of the genetics of host-pathogen interaction in wheat tan spot and provided important information to wheat breeding programs aiming to improve tan spot resistance
Glutathione transferase Ti and M1 genotype polymorphism in the normal population of Shanghai
No full textGlutathione transferases are known to be important enzymes in the metabolism of xenobiotics. In humans genetic polymorphisms have been reported for the hGSTM1 and hGSTT1 genes leading to individual differences in susceptibility towards toxic effects, such as cancer. This study describes the distribution of the two polymorphisms of hGSTT1 and hGSTM1 in the normal Chinese population of Shanghai. Out of 219 healthy individuals having been genotyped for GSTTI and GSTMI, 108 (49%) were identified to be homozygously deficient for the GSTT1 gene and 107 (49%) for the GSTM1 gene
Magnetron sputtered nickel oxide with suppressed interfacial defect states for efficient inverted perovskite solar cells
No full textWidely used spin-coated nickle oxide (NiOx) based perovskite solar cells often suffer from severe interfacial reactions between the NiOx and adjacent perovskite layers due to surface defect states, which inherently impair device performance in a long-term view, even with surface molecule passivation. In this study, we developed high-quality magnetron-sputtered NiOx thin films through detailed process optimization, and compared systematically sputtered and spin-coated NiOx thin film surfaces from materials to devices. These sputtered NiOx films exhibit improved crystallinity, smoother surfaces, and significantly reduced Ni3+ or Ni vacancies compared to their spin-coated counterparts. Consequently, the interface between the perovskite and sputtered NiOx film shows a substantially reduced density of defect states. Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) fabricated with our optimally sputtered NiOx films achieved a high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of up to 19.93% and demonstrated enhanced stability, maintaining 86.2% efficiency during 500 h of maximum power point tracking under one standard sun illumination. Moreover, with the surface modification using (4-(2,7-dibromo-9,9-dimethylacridin-10(9H)-yl)butyl)phosphonic acid (DMAcPA), the device PCE was further promoted to 23.07%, which is the highest value reported for sputtered NiOx based PSCs so far
Enabling threshold functionality for private set intersection protocols in cloud computing
No full textMulti-party computation (MPC) allows parties to interact with cloud-based data and services while maintaining privacy and confidentiality of their private data. As a special case of MPC, private set intersection (PSI) protocols focus on securely computing the intersection between a server and a client of their private set. Our research extends the threshold functionality for PSI within the realm of cloud computing, where the server possesses a larger set than the client. This paper fills this gap by proposing new private intersection cardinality (PSI-CA) protocol, and more broadly, threshold private set intersection (tPSI) protocol using fully homomorphic encryption (FHE). In tPSI protocol, two parties holding two private sets collaboratively compute the intersection and reveal the result if and only if the size of the intersection exceeds some predefined threshold. In this process, no other information, in particular, elements not in the intersection remain hidden. The problem of PSI-CA and tPSI has many applications in online collaboration, e.g., fingerprint matching, online dating, and ride sharing. At a high level, we use FHE to encrypt a Bloom filter (BF) that encodes the small set and homomorphically check whether the elements in the larger set belongs to the small set, e.g., homomorphic membership test. Counting the number of positive membership directly already yields a PSI-CA protocol with optimal asymptotic communication complexity Ω(n) = Ω(min(N, n)), where N (resp. n) is the size of the large (resp. small) set. To construct a tPSI protocol, we develop a novel secret token generation protocol: a shared secret token is generated if and only if the intersection size satisfies the threshold condition, by exploiting the programmable bootstrapping technique in FHE. This new secret token generation protocol, when composed with any standard PSI protocol, yields a tPSI with the same asymptotic communication complexity as the chosen plain PSI. Along the way, we develop specific FHE optimizations that might be of independent interest. These optimizations overcome the weakness of low precision in programmable bootstrapping. As a result, tPSI over relatively large sets can be supported.Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR)Info-communications Media Development Authority (IMDA)National Research Foundation (NRF)Submitted/Accepted versionThis work was supported in part by the National Research Foundation, Singapore; and in part by the Infocomm Media Development Authority under its Trust Tech Funding Initiative. The work of Jingwei Hu, Benjamin Hong Meng Tan, Khin Mi Mi Aung, and Huaxiong Wang was supported by the Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR) under its RIE2020 Advanced Manufacturing and Engineering (AME) Programmatic Program under Award A19E3b0099
Poetry, History, Memory
No full textWang Jingwei, poet and politician, patriot and traitor, has always been a figure of major academic and popular interest. Until now, his story has never been properly told, let alone critically investigated. The significance of his biography is evident from an ongoing war on cultural memory: modern mainland China prohibits serious academic research on wartime collaboration in general, and on Wang Jingwei in particular. At this critical juncture, when the recollection of World War II is fading from living memory and transforming into historical memory, this knowledge embargo will undoubtedly affect how China remembers its anti-fascist role in WWII. In Poetry, History, Memory: Wang Jingwei and China in Dark Times, Zhiyi Yang brings us a long overdue reexamination of Wang’s impact on cultural memory of WWII in China.
In this book, Yang brings disparate methodologies into a fruitful dialogue, including sophisticated methods of poetic interpretation. The author argues that Wang’s lyric poetry, as the public performance of a private voice, played a central role in constructing his political identity and heavily influenced the public’s posthumous memory of him. Drawing on archives (in the PRC, Taiwan, Japan, the USA, France, and Germany), memoires, historical journals, newspapers, interviews, and other scholarly works, this book offers the first biography of Wang that addresses his political, literary, and personal life in a critical light and with sympathetic impartiality
Poetry, History, Memory
No full textWang Jingwei, poet and politician, patriot and traitor, has always been a figure of major academic and popular interest. Until now, his story has never been properly told, let alone critically investigated. The significance of his biography is evident from an ongoing war on cultural memory: modern mainland China prohibits serious academic research on wartime collaboration in general, and on Wang Jingwei in particular. At this critical juncture, when the recollection of World War II is fading from living memory and transforming into historical memory, this knowledge embargo will undoubtedly affect how China remembers its anti-fascist role in WWII. In Poetry, History, Memory: Wang Jingwei and China in Dark Times, Zhiyi Yang brings us a long overdue reexamination of Wang’s impact on cultural memory of WWII in China.
In this book, Yang brings disparate methodologies into a fruitful dialogue, including sophisticated methods of poetic interpretation. The author argues that Wang’s lyric poetry, as the public performance of a private voice, played a central role in constructing his political identity and heavily influenced the public’s posthumous memory of him. Drawing on archives (in the PRC, Taiwan, Japan, the USA, France, and Germany), memoires, historical journals, newspapers, interviews, and other scholarly works, this book offers the first biography of Wang that addresses his political, literary, and personal life in a critical light and with sympathetic impartiality
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