1,721,553 research outputs found
Tan Cheng Lock: A Malayan Nationalist
No full textTan Cheng Lock was born in Malacca in 1883. His father Tan Keong Ann, his illustrious grandfather Tan Choon Bock, and his great grandfather were also born there, while his great great grandfather Tan Hay Kwan, who had migrated from Fukien as a youth to Malacca in the latter part of the eighteenth century (circa 1765), had died there in 1801. The Tans by now have been part of Malacca for over two hundred years.</jats:p
Frequency segmented estimation in real-time active noise control
No full textThis thesis addresses three aspects of frequency estimation. First, the problem of accurately estimating frequencies in a multi-tonal signal is discussed with references to many techniques used today. Particularly, frequency estimation methods such as fast Fourier transform (FFT), Multiple Signal Classification (MUSIC), Quinn and Fernandes (Q&F) and a proposed frequency estimation approach called Optimal Frequency Estimation (OFE) are elaborated. This latter technique is proposed as a way to increase the estimation accuracy of tonal frequency components in a complex signal with limited data length. OFE is compared with FFT, MUSIC, a popular multi-tonal frequency estimation method, and the recent Q&F method. Signals with added Gaussian noise are used to investigate its estimation accuracy and variance empirically. The technique is shown to perform well on simulation data. Results demonstrate its superiority in estimating frequencies at signal to noise ratio from 24dB and above. Its computational effort in estimating frequencies is also shown to be efficient as OFE is based on gradient free convergence.Next, OFE is applied to a single input single output (SISO) control system developed recently to investigate its influence. The controller uses online plant estimation and it is extended to multiple input multiple output (MIMO) systems. The online plant estimation and control attenuates unknown disturbance tones through continuous tuning. A stability criterion is derived to demonstrate the need for accurate frequency estimation in the control scheme. The performance of the control algorithm OFE is investigated by computer simulation using an air duct system as an example. Results show that accurate frequency estimation is essential for a successful and stable attenuation.Finally, three hardware test rigs are designed to realize the above schemes for practical digital signal processing (DSP) laboratory experiments. Active sound control is studied on a microphone-speaker array for the SISO case. A novel satellite plate test rig is used to investigate micro-vibrations on board a spacecraft. An L-shaped enclosure modelled after a commercial compressor is constructed with shakers and accelerometers mounted for MIMO control. In conclusion, future work and implementation under more general cases are outlined
"Malayan citizenship" version of Tan Cheng Lock (1946-1948)
Full text link“The rights of citizenship necessarily carry with them its obligations. A Chinese sage says, “If you would take, you must first give”. Ceasing to give, we ceased to have. Such is the law of life” (Tan Cheng Lock, 1951) Theoretically, political involvement and citizenship awareness of the non-Malays, especially the Chinese community in the politics of the Malay Peninsula began after Malayan Union scheme in 1946 opposed by the Malays and replaced by the Federation of Malaya in 1948.
Many papers stated that the formation of the Malayan Union Constitution 1946 does not cause any reaction, issues and claims as well as opposition from the non-Malays because they are the beneficiaries of this scheme, particularly in terms of citizenship rights.But actually if
examined, political involvement and citizenship awareness of the non-Malays actually began
earlier, led by Tan Cheng Lock (TCL).Thus, this paper will examine first, the role of TCL in
shaping up the Malayan citizenship during that time and second, the issues and claims presented by TCL on Malayan Citizenship.The primary source materials exclusively collected from the National Archive Kuala Lumpur, London National Archives and Australia National Archive were used to complete the study.The findings showed that TCL as Chinese leader is the one who insistently demanding the full status, rights and privileges of Malayan citizenship to which he assumed they are entitled. From the view point of TCL, those who are loyal and do their duty to the country in the hour of its danger, whatever their race may be, should be
given full rights of citizenship in consonance with the dictates of natural justice and morality,
human reason and the law of the nations
Introduction
Full text linkThis book is the first to examine intermediaries in a holistic and systematic manner. The classical model of face-to-face contracting between two individuals is no longer dominant. Instead, deals frequently involve a number of parties, often acting through intermediaries. As a result, it is important to understand the role and power of intermediaries.
Intermediaries tend to be considered within discrete silos of the law. But by focussing upon a particular, narrow area of law, lessons are not learned from analogous situations. This book takes a broader approach, and looks across the traditional boundaries of private law in order to gain a proper assessment of the role played by intermediaries.
A wide range of jurisdictions and topical issues are discussed in order to illuminate the role intermediaries play in commercial law. For example, the continued growth of electronic commerce requires consideration of the role of websites and other platforms as intermediaries. And developments in artificial intelligence raise the prospect of intermediaries being non-human actors. All these issues are subject to rigorous analysis by the expert contributors to this book
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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