1,720,959 research outputs found
Cash shortages in Zimbabwe: any prospect for solutions?
No full textThe paper gives special attention to the hyperinflation and cash shortages as well as the possible implications of the measures announced by the Minister of Finance and Economic Development on Tuesday the 29th of July 2003. An attempt will be made to forecast how well the monetary policy measures are likely to perform given the nature and magnitude of the problems it is meant to address. Whereas the problems bedevilling the economy may have several dimensions, we will not be drawn into argument as to the significance of each of the components since the pre-occupation of this paper is a solution package for the current cash shortages. It is the deliberate intention of this paper to discuss the short-term, implications of the solutions in place by relying on the observation method and a historical comparative approach
What drives milex in Zimbabwe? A comparative study: Paper presented at ‘The Fourteenth Annual International Conference on Economics and Security at Izmir University of Economics, Turkey, on June 17-18, 2010.
No full textMost of the papers on the determinants of milex in Africa have taken a quantitative or econometric approach. Few have attempted a qualitative approach that investigates underlying motives for huge milex especially in Southern Africa. This study tests a model located within the public choice approach to economics using data drawn from interviews with key informants and documentary sources to derive salient determinants of milex in Zimbabwe and South Africa. The empirical findings suggest that Zimbabwe’s milex since 1980 has been influenced by internal political dynamics and to a lesser extend by economic factors. The most significant factors include regime security, elite corruption and liberation war hang-over and fear. In South Africa the milex level and composition are clearly formulated, transparent and are adhered to with respect to recurrent expenditures. However, recent military procurement history reveals increasing cabinet authoritarianism, a lack of transparency, significant opportunities for corruption and, arguably, inappropriate decisions
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Military spending and regional integration in southern Africa: paper was presented at ‘Business and Management Conference’ held at the University of KwaZulu Natal, Durban, South Africa.on the 28th-30th September 2011.
No full textMilitary expenditure in developing countries and Africa in particular has over the years produced a varying mix of positive and negative economic development effects across countries. In Africa milex and conflict had an overall negative impact on economic growth and development. Conflict also negatively affects efforts at consolidating regional integration in general. The negative effects are most pronounced in countries facing legitimacy and security crises like Zimbabwe and the DRC. Countries afflicted by conflict and poverty pay higher economic costs for their national security. The paper explores the effect of regional integration on military expenditure in Southern Africa. The basic premise of the research is that economic integration reduces conflict and eventually military expenditure. In addition regional security integration (via a peace dividend) may have positive economic externalities through uninterrupted trade been member states in regional groupings. There is dearth of studies that focused on the relationship between conflict or military expenditure and regional integration in southern Africa. Most of the studies focus on the benefits and strategies that enhance regional integration, without analyzing the importance of regional integration to security sector developments. Security sector studies have in general ignored the importance of economic and regional integration in ensuring reduction in military spending while consolidating peace. The results of this study show that regional integration has a negative impact on military expenditure in southern Africa
Institution of Special Economic Zones in Zimbabwe: Lessons from the international experience and implications for tourism zone development: paper presented at the Midlands State University 1st International Research Conference: Driving Socio-Economic Development through Value Addition and Sustainable use of Resources, held at Elephant Hills Resort, Victoria Falls, Zimbabwe 14-16 July 2015
No full textThe introduction of Special Economic Zones (SEZs) in Zimbabwe is currently a topical issue. The success of the ZIMASSET Plan in growing the economy depends on how much investment the country is able to attract from within and outside its borders. Special Economic Zones are renowned for their ability to attract Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) from developed countries. This paper’s main thrust is to generate more debate and enthusiasms among stakeholders in SEZ development. The paper gives background information to the introduction of SEZs in Zimbabwe, and discusses the objectives and benefits of SEZS to developing countries and more specifically Zimbabwe. A literature survey revealed the African and Asian experience with SEZs. In the process, common mistakes that Zimbabwe must avoid are given and key success factors are highlighted. The article then attempts to build a case for the establishment of a tourism zone in Victoria Falls. The Chinese experience clearly support the conduciveness of a tourism zone in Victoria Falls since it is located strategically at a border with three countries, is part of the Kavango-Zambezi Transfrontier Park and already has a refurbished international airport and one of the wonders of the world, the falls
Military burden determinants in Southern Africa, 1996-2005: a cross-section and panel data analysis: paper presented at Economic Development in Africa Conference, held at St CatherineÃs College
No full textA few studies have focused on the determinants of military expenditure in Africa in general and southern Africa in particular. Most of the studies are not exclusively on this region but cover developing countries in general, with a few countries from southern Africa. Those that have focused on southern Africa are
longitudinal case studies rather than cross-sectional. For instance, Batchelor etal (2002), for South Africa and Tambudzai (2006), for Zimbabwe. This article tries to fill this gap in the literature by econometrically testing for the factors that affect military expenditure in southern Africa, utilizing cross-section and pooled
data estimations methods. The findings of this study confirm the importance of both economic and strategic variables in the determination of the level of military expenditure in developing countries. The strategic variables, however, have greater influence on military burden in southern Africa
Determinants of Zimbabwe’s military expenditure (1980-2003): Paper presented at ‘The Biennial Conference of the Economic Society of South Africa (ESSA) at the Elangeni Holiday Inn, Durban, South Africa, September 7-9, 2005.
No full textA number of articles have been written on the determinants of military expenditure in developing countries, which is important given the negative effect of military expenditure on economic development. There has been no such study for Zimbabwe. This paper tries to fill this gap, by empirically testing the effects of economic factors, external factors, and geopolitical factors on Zimbabwe’s military expenditure. The empirical work is preceded by a survey of the trends in military expenditure since 1980. The paper applies a log-linear model specification based on the standard neoclassical theory (Smith, 1989; 1990; 1995) to estimate the determinants of military expenditure. It utilises OLS estimations on co-integrated variables
and comes up with long run and short run (ECM) models. The empirical findings suggest that Zimbabwean military expenditure has been influenced by both external and internal factors. The significant factors include the regional wars, the military expenditure of neighbouring countries, income, the government’s domestic borrowing ability and the trade balance. The model using milex as shares of GDP data performed better than the one real milex, both in the short run and long run
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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