47,937 research outputs found
History of the steel industry in the Port Talbot Area 1900-1988
No full textThis thesis examines the history of steelmaking at Port Talbot in South Wales from the start of modern steelmaking in 1902 to 1988. Although the British steel industry has been studied at national level, few studies have looked at company level and fewer on plant level studies. By studying this large and significant steelmaking site this thesis sheds light on the interaction between national constraints and local forces for change or inertia and on the interaction of plant management, industry leadership and national Government policies. A number of themes are examined including issues of locational inertia and change; technological innovation and choice; relationships to, and changes in markets; products and demand levels; the role of the state; and issues of decision making. The later includes managers, management structure, conflict among managers, corporate rivalries, relationships with banks and Government, and within nationalised industries.
The thesis covers the origins of modern steelmaking at Port Talbot in the 1900s, its expansion and integration with iron making during World War One. It looks at Port Talbot within the framework of heavy steel rationalisation in the 1920s and the inconclusive manoeuvrings to build a strip mill in the 1930s. After World Ward Two Port Talbot emerged as Britain’s leading strip mill through a complex interplay of technological and locational choices including Government pressure and corporate rivalries. The boom years of the 1950s were followed by consolidation and modernisation in the 1960s through the Government inspired over expansion of the strip mill sector. After re-nationalisation in 1967 Port Talbot became involved in internal struggles with rival strip mills over investment. At each stage the thesis uses the detailed local adaptation and innovation within that context.
The thesis draws on extensive primary sources including the National Archives, Government Reports and documents, company records, Bank of England papers, trade papers, technical journals, trade union papers and local newspapers. The secondary literature on the steel industry is discussed and revised where appropriate and this study adds a full-scale plant level industrial history of one of the most important British steelworks to this literature
Oxidation of Aluminium-Magnesium alloys at elevated temperature in the solid, semi-liquid and liquid states
No full textThis thesis was submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy and awarded by Brunel University.Sensitive thermogravimetric equipment was used to monitor the oxidation rates of A1-1 to 9% Mg alloys in 0.21 oxygen/0.79 helium mixtures with and without 0.03 atm water vapour pressure, in the temperature range 500-725°C which include their respective solid, semi-liquid and liquid states. These measurements were supported by structural and topographical studies of oxide films using SEM, X-ray diffraction, and TEM with electron diffraction and EDX techniques. The objective was to provide information in the context of dross formation during melting operations. The only oxidation product observed was MgO. The oxidation rates do not follow simple rate laws. The rate normally increases as the temperature is raised except for a curious inverse relationship for liquid alloys just above the liquidus temperatures due to the formation of undulating surfaces. An amorphous MgO film formed on liquid alloys restricted the initial oxidation but, following an incubation period, crystallisation of the film induced breakaway oxidation. The crystallisation was promoted by high magnesium contents, high temperatures and moist atmospheres. The oxidation rates for alloys in the semi-liquid state were as follows: (i) for 50% liquid, the rates were initially faster than those for wholly liquid alloys due to the presence of solid phase particles which acted both as disruptive stress-raisers and as sources of nuclei for crystallisation of the amorphous oxide film over the liquid phase. For the moist atmosphere: (i) wholly solid alloys and semi-liquid alloys with 50% liquid oxidised faster than in the dry atmosphere because of the injection of OH- ions into the oxide with consequent disruptive effects caused by hydrogen absorption by the alloy. The addition of 0.003% Be to Al-8% Mg alloy decreased the oxidation rate markedly by toughening the MgO films preventing cracking and hence the nucleation of tertiary MgO. Small additions of Mn or Zr offset the effect of Be and probably enhanced the Mg 2+ ion conductivity in the oxide by the 4+ injection of Mn 2+ , Mn 4+ or Zr ions. For alloys with Be, although breakaway eventually occurred it was not initiated by crystallisation of the amorphous film and moisture in the atmosphere increased the oxidation throughout the temperature range, 500-725°C.Financial support was provided by the
Science and Engineering Research Council (SERC), Swindon, U.K
Letter Written by Maurice E. Talbot to the Bryant College Service Club Dated November 16, 1943
No full text[Transcription begins]
November 16, 1943 Co. “C” A.S.T.U. 3921 Pomona College Claremont, California
Dear members:
The box of Christmas candy you sent me was more than a gift. It brought me a world of sentiment- making me feel very happy knowing that those at home have not forgotten.
The candy I shared with my comrades, the sentiment, however, I could not-
Looking forward to the time where we will all be together again, I am
Sincerely yours-Cpl. Maurice E. Talbot
[Transcription ends
Letter Written by Maurice E. Talbot to the Bryant College Service Club Dated December 13, 1942
No full text[Transcription begins]
Troop C 90th Reu. Sq. Camp Barkeley, Texas December 13, 1942
Dear Members of Bryant’s Service Club-
Just a world to let you know how grateful I was upon receiving your wonderful Christmas chocolates. I assure you that the boys in my barracks and myself enjoyed them very much.
I want to take this opportunity to wish all members of the faculty and students of Bryant a very Merry Christmas and a happy peaceful New Year.
Sincerely
Pvt. Maurice E. Talbot [Transcription ends
Efecto Talbot Unidimensional y Bidimensional
No full textIn this paper, we show some experimental results obtained by us in the summer of 2014 in IPICyT to prove the occurrence of the Talbot effect. This effect is due to the constructive interference which leads to the appearance of clear images at a certain distance behind a periodic object illuminated by a light source. The distance of appearance is known as the Talbot distance and provides the spatial scale of this self-imaging phenomenon. We used onedimensional periodic and quasi-periodic gratings as well as two-dimensional hexagonal ones which have been produced by using the Adobe Illustrator graphical program at calculated spatial frequencies that allowed the observation of the effect within the laboratory. The gratings have been illuminated with a He-Ne laser of wavelength 633 nm (red) for which we determined the distance at which a clear self-image of the gratings could be obtained.En este trabajo se muestran los resultados de los experimentos realizados en el verano del 2014 en el IPICYT, para corroborar la existencia del efecto Talbot el cual consiste en la reaparición de una imagen nítida de un objeto periódico iluminado por una fuente de luz cada cierta distancia después del objeto. Esta distancia se le conoce como distancia de Talbot y da la escala espacial de este fenómeno. Se utilizaron rejillas unidimensionales periódicas, aperiódicas y bidimensionales con estructura hexagonal, todas fueron creadas previamente con el programa grafico Adobe Illustrator con las frecuencias espaciales que se calcularon que darían una distancia de Talbot que permite la observación del efecto en el laboratorio. Las rejillas se iluminaron con un láser de He-Ne de longitud de onda de 633 nm (rojo) y posteriormente se localizó a que distancia se volvía a formar la auto-imagen de la rejilla
Surveillance of duodenal polyps in familial adenomatous polyposis: Progress report
No full textFamilial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is characterized by the presence of premalignant adenomas of the large and small bowel. Prophylactic colectomy deals with the risk for colon cancer, leaving duodenal cancer as the leading cause of death. Although most FAP patients have duodenal adenomas, only approximately 5% develop duodenal cancer. This study looks at progression of duodenal polyps with time. The outcome of endoscopic surveillance in the duodenum of 70 patients with familial adenomatous polyposis was determined. A mean of 40 months elapsed between endoscopies. Outcome was measured using video comparison and a staging system that includes histological assessment. Duodenal cancer developed in one patient, and was suspected in two others. The stage of duodenal polyposis worsened in another seven patients. When histology was ignored, comparison of video recordings in 62 patients showed a worsening in 21 (40%). In conclusion, further surveillance appears warranted so that patients at high risk for duodenal cancer might receive early treatment. Should slow progression of duodenal polyposis be shown to be associated with low risk, then most patients can be safely offered less frequent endoscopies than hitherto.</p
Amauris (Amaura) echeria subsp. meruensis Talbot 1940
No full text<i>Amauris</i> (<i>Amaura</i>) <i>echeria meruensis</i> Talbot, 1940 <p> d <i>’</i> Abrera 1997: 191 (2 figs, of other subspecies). Kielland 1990: 272 (1 fig.). SI: Figure 5e <i>–</i> h.</p> <p> Forewing length: male 38 <i>–</i> 44 mm [mean (<i>n</i> = 11) 41.55 mm, SD = 1.634]; female 45.0 mm (1 only).</p> <i>Records</i> <p> Highland forests and coffee plantations at 1400 <i>–</i> 2600 m, on Mts Kilimanjaro, Meru, Lolkisale, Kwaraha, Longido, the Oldeani-Ngorongoro highlands and Mbulu forests (Kielland 1990, p. 74), Arusha and Moshi (Carcasson 1963, p. 26). Talbot (1940, p. 330) listed numerous specimens collected on Kilimanjaro by Cooper, but all at or below 5000 ft (c. 1500 m), with one male from Moshi, and form <i>‘</i> luxurians <i>’</i> from Doringo Erok, northwest of the mountain, on the Kenya border. There are two males from the <i>‘</i> slopes <i>’</i>, ex Rogers in OUMNH (who evidently considered it a common species up to about 1500 m <i>–</i> Rogers 1908, p. 493, 511). Given these data, and the fact that the species was not encountered by Liseki (2009), who worked in the protected forest from 2000 to 3000 m, we list this butterfly as part of the lower slopes fauna <i>–</i> but it must surely have the capacity to enter at least the lower levels of the protected forest. <i>Amauris e. meruensis</i> is endemic to Tanzania. <i>Amauris echeria</i>, which includes 18 recognized subspecies, ranges widely across forested biotopes in Africa, from Bioko to Ethiopia and south to South Africa (Ackery et al. 1995, p. 274).</p>Published as part of <i>Liseki, Steven D. & Vane-Wright, Richard I., 2015, Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) of Mount Kilimanjaro: Nymphalidae subfamilies Libytheinae, Danainae, Satyrinae and Charaxinae, pp. 865-904 in Journal of Natural History 50</i> on page 872, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2015.1091106, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/3990100">http://zenodo.org/record/3990100</a>
Correspondence: [Henry Talbot Sharp?] to John J. Cameron, May 16, 1932
No full textZebulon Weaver (1872-1948) was a lawyer and U.S. Representative from western North Carolina. He was a member of the North Carolina Park Commission and was involved in the land acquisition process that went towards establishment of the Great Smoky Mountain National Park and development of the Blue Ridge Parkway.
In this letter Sharp attempts to draw Cameron’s attention regarding the application of the name of Great Smoky Mountains to the ranges that formed the boundary line between North Carolina and Tennessee. The rest of the letter deals with Sharp providing justification for his statement.
Note: Letter is incomplete.Coov for Hon. 2eb. . eaver
Henru Talbot Sharp
cr/ECrlTUCAL
J PIDUERTISITIQ L
In Selling Real Estate
14 UANDERB1LT COnCOURSE
uAsheuille, North Carolina May 16, 19£E
Mr. John J.
Secretary, United States- Peo graphic board,
Washington, D« C.
De»r Mr. Cameron:
vhile searching for geological data at our local library,
a few days since, I m*sde what I trust is BjB if porta nt discovery. It has
to do with the name of the Grant Smoky Mountains Is Its application to
the range of mountains foraing the boundary line between the efc lee of
Tennessee and north Carolina. Phis BBggftStlOS ie the one concerning which
we have had considerable correspondence.
I read from the North Carolina geological report of 1875,
made by Professor a. C. Kerr. In this report he make;, aention of having
been supplied with information by hrofessor Arnold Juyot as to the altitude
of various mountains ae reeoridd hp rrofessor Guyot. It is in no controversy
sense, whatever, that he jpoteE hrofessor Guyot* e statistics a« including
the range of mountains fro: th i Virginia line to the HiawHseee River in
Cherokee Count;-', l« C. Professor Juyot refers to hoan Mountain as being
interesting mount a If. in the I aoky konntair range.
Professor Kerr gives the tabulation of the mountain altitudes
under the heading of the "Great Sa&>fcy Pountatns". Profeeeor Kerr also States
th* t rofeeeor Guyot ffeauently furnished bis*, info.rmotior. In advance of
any other reports which .rofeeeor Guyot ublished. It ie • latter statement
or fact to which I direct your critical judgment.
General Cllegmaa'fl book, I believe; gives a list of mountain
measurements made by Professor Puyot and qu ot es Professor Guyot as having
said that he intended to make s study and rt? search of the mountains between
the Big Pigeon and prench Broad Kivere "another year". How then, the Kerr
catalogue of mount? ins relying strictly on Professor Guyot* I measurements,
gives the altitude of a number of mountains between the two rivers referred
to, in th listing of mounts ire in the Cret. t Snaky iOuntaia - -e.
Dimensions are given not or 1^ of Pax Patch Mountain but of
Max Patch Gap; this latter probate ly being Lemon C*ap, as shown on the map of
the United ;tates Geological ;urv y. I think you will agree with me, after
you study theee r-co -a that the United Ststse ieological Survey did not
have on hand the Seta to which I now refer when that survey was rsde. I
CTELEPrlOIlE 3054-T
Effects of hydrogen in an aluminium-magnesium-silicon alloy during the production of extrusion ingots
No full textThis thesis was submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy and awarded by Brunel University.Hydrogen causes defects, for which aluminiurn alloy products are rejected. The behaviour of hydrogen in aluminium-magnesium-silicon alloy extrusion ingots, has been studied throughout the course of manufacture from freshly reduced aluminium. It is shown that hydrogen in the liquid metal is produced by temperature-dependent reaction between the metal and water vapour in the atmosphere. As the metal is received from the reduction cells, its temperature is -850 'C and its hydrogen content, >0.4 cm3/100 g, is too high for casting sound ingots. The metal is transferred first to a so-called melting furnace, where it is alloyed and stirred, thence to a holding furnace, where the composition is adjusted, the metal is degassed by gas sparging and allowed to settle before casting. The metal cools throughout these operations and as the temperature falls, the calculated value for the hydrogen content in equilibrium with the atmosphere falls in response to the reduced hydrogen solubility. The actual hydrogen content of the metal exhibited marked hysteresis in following the equilibrium value. Significant reduction of the hydrogen content occurred only when the metal was agitated. The hydrogen content never fell below the equilibrium value even during the nominal degassing operation, leading to the conclusion that gas sparging in a furnace does not positively remove hydrogen but only assists the equilibration. The hot-top DC casting process yielded a 8 m x 0.18 m diameter ingot with a virtually uniform hydrogen content. When this ingot was homogenised by heating it to 590˚C in a 7h cycle, a significant proportion of the hydrogen content was lost from the surface zone. By matching the loss to a theoretical model assuming diffusion control, it was shown that the loss of hydrogen is attenuated by trapping in micropores. The effects of simulated industrial atmospheres on the loss or absorption of hydrogen by the solid alloy were investigated in an extended series of laboratory heat-treatments. The interaction of the metal with these atmospheres was found to be determined by the nature of the oxide films formed and therefore the films were investigated by XPS and SIMS surface analysis techniques. In clean atmospheres the absorption or loss of hydrogen was determined by the balance between inward migration of protons and outward diffusion of hydrogen atoms through the oxide. Pollution of the air by chlorine or especially sulphur stimulated hydrogen absorption to a degree which seriously damaged the metal by pore growth. These effects are explained by modified compositions and structures in the surface oxide.United Arab Emirate
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