1,720,961 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
HAXPES on Transition Metal Oxides:: new insights into an effective use of the photoionization cross-sections
Get PDFMaterials containing transition metals and rare earth elements have continued to attract attention due to many fascinating properties that emerge from the intricate interplay between the electron correlation effects, which arise from the strong Coulomb interactions often present in d and f orbitals, with the band formations in the periodic structure of the solids. The mathematical description of such systems, however, is highly complex and results in unsolvable sets of equations. Thus, an appropriate model must be chosen on each case and tested. Experimental input is thus needed as a verification, and also as guidance to make better models.
Amongst the wide range of experimental techniques available to determine the electronic structure, photoelectron spectroscopy is special due to the close relation between the spectra that is measured with these techniques and the one particle Green's functions, providing very direct information content. Photoelectron spectroscopy is a very well established experimental technique, but when used on bulk materials, it can have one major issue: the surface sensitivity. The electronic structure of the surface is not the same as in the bulk, and in correlated systems, these differences can lead into a major alteration of the electronic structure due to the delicate balance of different interaction strengths, and so it is crucial that spectra representative of the bulk can be obtained.
The most reliable way in which the surface contributions can be minimised for photoelectron spectroscopy is by using its high photon energy variant also known as Hard X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (HAXPES). HAXPES is more bulk sensitive and also has several further advantages with respect to its lower energy counterparts such as the possibility to measure buried interfaces, reach deeper core levels, or greater polarisation dependence effects, to name a few examples. Despite all these advantages, HAXPES is still not very widely used for the study of valence bands due to several challenges in the interpretation of the spectra.
In this thesis, we show that while often considered to be a minor detail or even neglected, understanding the photo-ionization cross-sections is crucial for the correct interpretation of its spectra. We study many of the different ways in which the cross-sections can affect the HAXPES experimental spectra, in order to learn how to make an effective use of them in our favour to get the information that is most relevant to us in each case. In order to achieve this, we study several carefully selected transition metal oxides with HAXPES as well as with other PES variants.
We start by solving an apparent contradiction which prevented a proper understanding of the HAXPES valence band spectra of compounds containing transition metals and rare earths, and could have been one of the reasons why there are not so many studies with HAXPES on the valence band in the literature. We will show that due to the cross-section relations, we cannot neglect contributions from e.g. the La 5p, which are typically considered almost core-like and irrelevant for the physics studied in transition metal oxides. We will focus on LaCoO3 as a representative example, but also provide a few more examples and provide a guide to see in which cases it may be necessary to make such considerations.
We make use of the very high cross-sections of 5d materials in HAXPES to study the class of double perovskite iridates, which have recently attracted interest as candidates for Kitaev physics. Due to the high Ir 5d cross-sections, the valence band spectra is completely dominated by the iridium spectral weight, making it possible to directly compare the spectra of many different iridates despite containing a wide range of ions in their composition. By fitting our calculations parameters to the experimental spectra, we conclude that the double perovskite iridates are highly covalent systems with essentially zero charge transfer, which would result in long-ranged interactions limiting the extent to which the Kitaev model can materialise.
Two different compounds are studied by complementing the information from the element-specific core level spectra and the valence band spectra, which has other contributions mixed but is more sensitive to parameters such as the hybridization strength: First, we present a temperature dependence study of the LaCoO3 HAXPES combined with O-K X-ray absorption spectroscopy to investigate the gradual low-to-high spin transition observed with increased temperature. Our results suggest a scenario in which paramagnetic LaCoO3 should be considered as an inhomogeneous mixed spin-state system. Then, we present a comprehensive photoemission study of CaCu3Ru4O12, a very rare system with 3d transition metal ions that according to some claims display Kondo behaviour. The HAXPES spectra is used to tune the parameters for LDA+DMFT calculations. Additional photoemission measurements are also performed with a wide range of energies to change the ratio of the multiple contributions, allowing us to find a small resonance peak in the Cu 3d as predicted by the calculations. From the calculations and their good agreement with the experimental studies, we conclude that CaCu3Ru4O12 is a Kondo material, but with a very high Kondo temperature, finding a compromise between both sides of the literature and concluding a long standing debate.
Finally, we experimentally show that the initial state dependence, as predicted by Fadley et al. from the cross-section formulas, can be observed by measuring a single crystal sample with HAXPES on different orientations. We show, using the example of ReO3, that a clear orientation dependence is present in many of the valence band feature. By applying the appropriate corrections, the shape of the atomic orbitals is recovered in the angular intensity plot. Other samples are also measured to prove that this technique can be used in a wide range of compounds
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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