1,721,166 research outputs found
Factors associated with eHealth literacy focusing on digital literacy components: A cross-sectional study of middle-aged adults in South Korea
No full textBACKGROUND: Digital technology has dramatically changed the world in which we live, and the ability to access and understand information through these new technologies is becoming increasingly important. eHealth literacy is closely related to digital literacy, and some concepts may overlap to a certain extent. Identifying personal and digital-related factors related to eHealth literacy levels in middle-aged adults would be useful for planning tailored interventions and health promotion strategies. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to identify the differences in digital literacy and eHealth literacy levels according to demographic features, and to elucidate the factors associated with eHealth literacy in the middle-aged population. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional, observational study from 4th to 8th February 2021. A total of 320 South Korean participants aged 40–64 years were recruited and completed an online questionnaire, where demographic features, chronic disease status, frequency of Internet use, digital skills, digital competence, and eHealth literacy were measured. eHealth literacy was measured with the eHEALS. We used multiple regression analysis to elucidate the factors associated with eHealth literacy. RESULTS: Multiple regression analysis revealed that digital competence was the highest contributor to an individual's eHealth literacy (β = 0.330, P < 0.001), while digital skills was not significantly associated with eHealth literacy (β = 0.086, P = 0.267). In addition, eHealth literacy was positively associated with increasing age (β = 0.258, P < 0.001), female gender (β = −0.118, P = 0.022), and higher education levels (β = 0.114, P = 0.041), while marital state, chronic disease, and frequency of internet use were not significantly associated with eHealth literacy. CONCLUSIONS: Our study provides valuable information on digital literacy and eHealth literacy in middle-aged adults and may be used to guide tailored interventions for improving eHealth literacy. Future studies should consider the differences in digital literacy levels across generations when assessing eHealth literacy or planning digital health interventions
Technocriticism: A Study of Hypertext 2.0: The Convergence of Contemporary Critical Theory and Technology and Writing Machines
Get PDFThe emergence of digital media and the development of computer technology have given birth to a new form of electronic text called Hypertext, it has had a major impact on traditional literary studies thereby giving birth to a new kind of literature called Electronic Literature. Technology has given a new direction to literary studies by serving as a significant avenue for the production and dissemination of literary texts by introducing new ways of reading, writing and thinking about textuality. Such an environment called by Jean Baudrillard as “Hyperreality” (Baudrillard 1988: 16) resulted in a mass transformation, including the basic literary concepts like texts, narrative and linearity. This influence of technology on literary theory is known as Technocriticism which:
Is a branch of critical theory devoted to the study of technological change. It treats technological transformations as historically specific changes in personal and social practices of research, regulation, distribution, promotion, appropriation, use, and discourse, rather than as an autonomous or socially indifferent accumulation of useful inventions, or as an uncritical narrative of linear “progress”, “development” or “innovation” .
(www.wikipedia.org)
Technocriticism as a critical literary theory has not come on its own but has emerged out of a need to seek an explanation for these technological transformations in different fields as ontologically perceived cultural constructs rather than treated as mere technological products. It has necessitated to place literary aspects of life and culture into a proper perspective in the age of technological advancement rather than consider technology as a threat to the traditional organisation of reading, writing and to the intellectual dialogue.
Viewed in this perspective, the study of various literary concepts associated with Technocriticism - concepts like texts, narrative and linearity- becomes very important and emerges as one of the most interesting areas of study in the contemporary critical theory. The text ceases to be a linear narrative with a logical beginning, middle and end. Instead, various parts of the text may be transferred, structure rearranged, portions added to and even deleted simultaneously which verily alter the way a text looks and reads on the screen. Further, the reader too can compose his comments and the change that takes place is not only from a closed, linear and authoritative aesthetic where the reader is passive, but to an open, non-linear and non-hierarchical aesthetic where the reader is actively involved with the text. The reader can easily create his narrative in the world of virtual reality. The reader is thus seen as a player providing solutions and reshaping images already organized by the writer. Interactive fiction and drama are interesting examples of this new mode of reading
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Estimating Shadow Wage Rates for Economic Project Appraisal
Get PDFOne of the central concerns in cost benefit analysis is the adjustment of distortions in markets to provide a better guide to a more effective allocation of scarce resources. The objectives of this paper are to develop a model for the estimation of the shadow wage rate (SWR) for groups of occupations and to estimate the SWRs for the major groups of occupations in Australia. The main findings of the analysis indicate that estimated SWRs for major groups of occupations are different from the corresponding market wage rates, and that estimated SWRs of the groups are different. The results of the study demonstrate the importance of estimation of the SWR as a part of the appraisal process of investment projects. The ratio analysis indicates the significance of the difference between SWR and market wage rate, which is recommended to be adjusted is economic analysis of projects.Wages, Shadow Prices, Economic Projects
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Monocytes/macrophages express CCR9 in rheumatoid arthritis and CCL25 stimulates their differentiation
Get PDFIntroduction: Monocytes/macrophages accumulate in the rheumatoid (RA) synovium where they play a central role in inflammation and joint destruction. Identification of molecules involved in their accumulation and differentiation is important to inform therapeutic strategies. This study investigated the expression and function of chemokine receptor CCR9 in the peripheral blood (PB) and synovium of RA, non-RA patients and healthy volunteers. Methods: CCR9 expression on PB monocytes/macrophages was analysed by flow cytometry and in synovium by immunofluorescence. Chemokine receptor CCR9 mRNA expression was examined in RA and non-RA synovium, monocytes/macrophages from PB and synovial fluid (SF) of RA patients and PB of healthy donors using the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Monocyte differentiation and chemotaxis to chemokine ligand 25 (CCL25)/TECK were used to study CCR9 function. Results: CCR9 was expressed by PB monocytes/macrophages in RA and healthy donors, and increased in RA. In RA and non-RA synovia, CCR9 co-localised with cluster of differentiation 14+ (CD14+) and cluster of differentiation 68+ (CD68+) macrophages, and was more abundant in RA synovium. CCR9 mRNA was detected in the synovia of all RA patients and in some non-RA controls, and monocytes/macrophages from PB and SF of RA and healthy controls. CCL25 was detected in RA and non-RA synovia where it co-localised with CD14+ and CD68+ cells. Tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) increased CCR9 expression on human acute monocytic leukemia cell line THP-1 monocytic cells. CCL25 induced a stronger monocyte differentiation in RA compared to healthy donors. CCL25 induced significant chemotaxis of PB monocytes but not consistently among individuals. Conclusions: CCR9 expression by monocytes is increased in RA. CCL25 may be involved in the differentiation of monocytes to macrophages particularly in RA.Peer Reviewe
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