53 research outputs found
sj-docx-1-dhj-10.1177_20552076221109060 - Supplemental material for A novel low-cost bubble continuous positive airway pressure device with pressure monitoring and controlling system for low resource settings
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-1-dhj-10.1177_20552076221109060 for A novel low-cost bubble continuous positive airway pressure device with pressure monitoring and controlling system for low resource settings by Etagegnehu Dagnachew Feleke, Eyerusalem Gebremeskel Gebremaryam, Feven Tadele Regassa, Hawi Rorissa Kuma, Hayat Solomon Sabir, Ahmed Mohammed Abagaro and Kokeb Dese in Digital Health</p
Epistemological and methodological considerations in peacebuilding research – experiences from the Borana of Ethiopia
No full textBuilding on empirical data from author's fieldwork along the Ethiopia-Kenya border, this chapter provides epistemological and methodological insights to peacebuilding research and calls for a paradigm shift towards culture-sensitive approaches. It argues that researching peacebuilding in Africa should consider local cultural settings and epistemological paradigms by carefully designing appropriate methodological approaches. Drawing on this latter perspective, the author argues that peacebuilding research among societies with intact indigenous cultural practices, values and customs should be grounded within the societies' epistemological and cosmological orientations of their place in nature. First, the author visited Borana land along the Ethiopia-Kenya border in 2015 to conduct research on cross-border conflict funded by the African Peacebuilding Network
Farmer’s Perception of Environmental Degradation and their Response to Environmental Management: A Case of Dale Woreda, Sidama Zone, SNNPR
No full textThe main objective of this study is to examine determinant variables which affect
farmers’ perception and response to soil erosion and deforestation in Dale
Woreda, SNNPR. The basic data used in this empirical study obtained from a
survey of 397 sample household through questionnaire. Descriptive statistics
together with Chi-square test and logistic regression methods were used to
analysis the data. Descriptive statistics presented the percentage distribution of
household head by background variables. The chi square test analysis of the
data only indicated significant association of farmers’ perception and response
to the impact of demographic and socio-economic characteristics on soil
erosion and deforestation. The logistic regression results indicated that at house
level, farmers’ perception to soil erosion and deforestation is positively and
significantly associated with sex, household size, marital status, literacy status,
farm size, and work status. Age and household income sex, do not indicates a
significant association with soil erosion, but they have association to
deforestation. Regarding to farmers response to application of different
conservation measure, the model is positively and significantly associated with
sex, household size, marital status, literacy status, farm size, and soil erosion
but age has a significant association with deforestation. work status. Age and
household do not show any statistical significant in response to soil erosion and deforestation. Based on the finding of this empirical study at micro (household)
level, all concerned bodies such as governmental, non-governmental
organization and the farmers should give emphases to for those factors which
critically affected the existing environment
Brucellosis among patients with fever of Unknown origin in jimma university Hospital south western Ethiopia
No full textThe Elevation of Pancreatic Enzymes in Serum and Their Distribution at Different Stages of Renal Insufficiency Among Diabetic Patients Attending Goba Referral Hospital
No full textTadele Regasa,1 Yohannes Dinku,1 Bereket Gezahegn,1 Zegeye Feleke,2 Zegeye Regassa,2 Ayele Mamo,1 Tesfaye Assefa,2 Habtamu Gezahegn,1 Damtew Solomon,1 Daniel Atlaw,1 Mengistu Dessie3 1School of medicine, Madda Walabu University, Goba, Ethiopia; 2School of Health Science, Madda Walabu University, Goba, Ethiopia; 3School of Medicine, Wolaita Sodo University, Wolaita Sodo, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Tadele Regasa, Tel +251922311812, Email [email protected]: Acute pancreatitis is auto-cell destruction that is manifested by increased leakage of amylase and lipase into circulation. During pancreatitis, the activity of serum amylase and lipase is elevated three times above the upper limit of the normal range. This elevation was observed in both prediabetic and diabetic patients. Severe acute pancreatitis can result in acute kidney injury and other multi-organ dysfunction, which is one of the reasons for death.Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the elevation of serum amylase and lipase and their distribution at different stages of renal insufficiency among diabetic patients.Methods: This study included 286 diabetic patients (36 type 1 and 250 type 2), and data were collected from May 1 to June 30, 2019. The study design used was an institution-based cross-sectional study. A face-to-face interview was used to collect data, and serum creatinine, amylase, and lipase levels were measured using a chemistry analyzer. For data entry and statistical analysis, respectively, Epidata software version 3.02 and SPSS version 21 were used.Results: The mean serum amylase among diabetic patients suffering from G3b and G4 was 106.79 IU/L ± 118.18 IU/L and 104.85 ± 90.42 IU/L, respectively. Their mean serum lipase activity was 105.07 IU/L ± 127.54 IU/L and 106.98 IU/L ± 88.35 IU/L, respectively. Serum lipase activity was elevated above the normal range and three times above the upper limit of the normal range with a magnitude of 11.2% and 4.2%, respectively. Similarly, 9.1% and 0.7% of diabetic patients had increased serum amylase above the normal range and three-fold above the normal range, respectively.Conclusion: As glomerular filtration decreases, particularly in moderate-to-severe chronic kidney disease, serum amylase and lipase activity rise above the upper limit.Keywords: acute pancreatitis, chronic kidney disease, diabetes mellitus, serum amylase, serum lipas
Unintended pregnancy among married women in Damot Gale District, Southern Ethiopia: Examining the prevalence and risk factors
Get PDFThe main objective of this study is to examine the prevalence and risk
factors for unintended pregnancies among selected married women in
Damot Gale Woreda (a district in Southern Ethiopia). A multistage
sampling technique was used to select women respondents in the
reproductive age group of 15-49 years. Quantitative and qualitative
data were obtained using structured questionnaires, focus group
discussion and key informants interview. The dependent variable is
unintended pregnancy. Demographic, socio-cultural and service related
characteristics were used as explanatory variables. Of 713 women
surveyed, 302(42.4 %) reported that their most recent pregnancies were
unintended. Most of the women (89%) knew at least one modern Family
Planning (FP) methods. Further, we found that 84% of the women have
never discussed FP with husbands, and 80% of women have never been
visited by health workers. Major reasons mentioned for failure to avoid
unintended pregnancy were lack of knowledge, disapproval by husband,
difficulty to get method and method failure. The predicted probability,
using logistic regression, has shown that women with delayed age at
marriage, with lower parity, women exposed to radio, women who discus
about FP issues with husband; those who have autonomy on their health
care and those visited by FP workers are less exposed to unintended
pregnancy. Finally, based on the key findings, some workable
recommendations are given which includes: sustainable behavioral
changes among community members, reforms in disseminating family
planning and related information, enhancing women’s status at all
levels through formal and non-formal education, strengthening the
follow up system on FP workers and beneficiaries, improving inter-
spousal communication through peer or informal education and community
level orientation
Prevalence of anemia and its associated factors Among women of reproductive age using contraceptive In bale-goba town, south east ethiopia: a comparative Cross sectional study
Get PDFntroduction: Anemia is decrease in oxygen delivery due to decrease in circulating red blood cells
(RBC) which is revealed by decrease in hemoglobin or hematocrit. Oral contraceptives have folate
reducing effect and increase the oxidative stress, which lead to reduced production or reduced
survival of red blood cells. Globally, anemia affects one-third of the world population. The
prevalence of anemia among modern contraceptives is unclear.
Objective: Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of anemia and its associated factors
among women of reproductive age who use modern contraceptive in Bale Goba town from
September 15 to November 15, 2021.
Methods A community-based comparative cross-sectional study was conducted among 202 (104
contraceptive users and 98 non-contraceptive users) reproductive-age women in Bale-Goba town.
Systematic random sampling technique was used to select study participants. Sociodemographic,
and other relevant variables were collected using structured questionnaire. Four milliliters of
venous blood were collected and added to EDTA test tube for hematological parameter analysis
by Sysmex XN-550 automated hematology analyzer and hemoglobin level was used for
determination of anemic status. The data were entered in to Epidata manager version 4.6.0.2 and
its analysis was performed using SPSS Statistical software version 21. Independent t-test was used
to determine hemoglobin mean difference and factors associated with anemia were identified using
binary and multiple logistic regression analyses.
Result: The prevalence of anemia among contraceptive users was higher than non-users (75%
versus 44.9%). There was a significant reduction in hemoglobin among contraceptive users than
non-users which was 11.10 g/dl ± 1.29 g/dl and 11.86 g/dl ± 1.47 g/dl respectively with P-value <
0.001. Type of contraceptive used were significantly associated with anemia. Accordingly,
injectable contraceptive users were 7 times (AOR = 7.10) more likely to have an anemia.
Conclusion: Modern contraceptive users had higher prevalence of anemia and lower mean
hemoglobin level than non-contraceptive users. Type of contraceptive used were an independent
predictor of anemia
Unintended pregnancy among married women in Damot Gale District, Southern Ethiopia: Examining the prevalence and risk factors
Get PDFThe main objective of this study is to examine the prevalence and risk factors for unintended pregnancies among selected married women in Damot Gale Woreda (a district in Southern Ethiopia). A multistage sampling technique was used to select women respondents in the reproductive age group of 15-49 years. Quantitative and qualitative data were obtained using structured questionnaires, focus group discussion and key informants interview. The dependent variable is unintended pregnancy. Demographic, socio-cultural and service related characteristics were used as explanatory variables. Of 713 women surveyed, 302(42.4 %) reported that their most recent pregnancies were unintended. Most of the women (89%) knew at least one modern Family Planning (FP) methods. Further, we found that 84% of the women have never discussed FP with husbands, and 80% of women have never been visited by health workers. Major reasons mentioned for failure to avoid unintended pregnancy were lack of knowledge, disapproval by husband, difficulty to get method and method failure. The predicted probability, using logistic regression, has shown that women with delayed age at marriage, with lower parity, women exposed to radio, women who discus about FP issues with husband; those who have autonomy on their health care and those visited by FP workers are less exposed to unintended pregnancy. Finally, based on the key findings, some workable recommendations are given which includes: sustainable behavioral changes among community members, reforms in disseminating family planning and related information, enhancing women’s status at all levels through formal and non-formal education, strengthening the follow up system on FP workers and beneficiaries, improving inter- spousal communication through peer or informal education and community level orientation
Impact of subclinical mastitis on uterine health, reproductive performances and hormonal profile of Zebu × Friesian crossbred dairy cows in and around Jimma town dairy farms, Ethiopia
No full textA longitudinal observational study was carried out from January 2020 to July 2021 to assess the impact of subclinical mastitis (SCM) on reproductive performance and its association with uterine health of crossbred dairy cows. The California Mastitis Test (CMT) and cytobrush technique were used to screen subclinical mastitis and subclinical endometritis, respectively. Milk samples positive for subclinical mastitis were subjected to bacteriological analysis. Data from 84 clinically healthy cows collected and analyzed. The present study revealed a prevalence of subclinical mastitis of 51.2% (43 of 84). The mean days from calving to first service interval were significantly longer in subclinical mastitis positive cows than negative (control) cows (120.51 ± 24.5 and 85.15 ± 28.3, respectively) (P < 0.05). The mean number of services per conception was significantly higher in positive cows (2.51 ± 0.83) than in negative cows (1.59 ± 0.81) (P < 0.05). Lower conception and pregnancy rates at first services were observed in subclinical mastitis cows. Risk factors analysis revealed that prevalence of subclinical mastitis significantly differed with the parity and body condition score (P < 0.05). The current study revealed that subclinical mastitis was significantly and directly associated with subclinical endometritis (P < 0.05). Subclinical mastitis significantly decreased (P = 0.000) progesterone concentrations and increased (P = 0.001) the cortisol concentrations. Staphylococcus aureus were the most predominant bacterial isolates from subclinical mastitic milk, followed by coagulase negative staphylococci (CNS) and streptococci. This study concludes a high prevalence of subclinical mastitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus could inflict harmful effects on reproductive performance of dairy cows, emphasizing the relevance of mastitis control programs in dairy farms
Brucellosis among Patients With Fever of Unknown Origin in Jimma University Hospital South Western Ethiopia View Abstract and Download Journal
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