1,720,988 research outputs found
The role of endoscopic ultrasound in diagnosis and staging of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
No full textPancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a malignant neoplasia with an incidence and a prevalence that are progressively growing. It is estimated that in 2030 it will be the third most common tumor, after lungs and liver. This is due at first because of a delay in the development of new therapies able to change PDAC patients' prognosis and also because at diagnosis the tumor is already in advanced stages. During last years, endoscopic ultrasound (EUS), thanks to its versatility, became the first-choice technique in pancreatic diseases. EUS can be used, in example, in the screening of high-risk subjects (HRI) for the development of PDAC. The screening program is reserved to subjects with germinal mutation in high risk genes and subjects with a familial pancreatic cancer history. EUS was found to be a technique highly sensitive with a slightly good specificity in the detection of pancreatic lesions in HRIs; its diagnostic accuracy is superior to MRI and CT-scan, most of all for small size lesions (respectively 93%, 67% and 53%). A fundamental role of EUS is represented by the PDAC diagnosis. Even in this case a higher sensitivity respect to MRI and CT-scan can be observed (94% vs 79% vs 74%). The diagnostic ability could be improved by the use of ancillary techniques as elastography or contrast agents. Furthermore, with EUS it is possible to obtain a cytological or a histological specimen for the diagnosis of PDAC with low risk of adverse events and a high diagnostic accuracy. Considering therapeutic approaches, EUS can be used for pain control performing the celiac plexus neurolysis; new future insights can be found in the possibility of ablative treatments of pancreatic solid neoplasia
Through-the-needle biopsy of pancreatic cystic lesions: stronger evidences of higher diagnostic yield compared with cytology
No full textNo abstract availabl
Endoscopic ultrasound-guided gallbladder drainage after real-time assessment of cystic duct exclusion following biliary placement of an uncovered metal
No full text
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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