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No full textO vírus Zika é uma arbovirose emergente que é transmitida pelos mosquitos do género Aedes. A infecção, que se caracteriza clinicamente como uma síndrome febril aguda, muito inespecífico parecido ao dengue, está associada com alterações no sistema nervoso, bem como microcefalias no recém-nascido. O desenvolvimento infantil é um processo contínuo e muito dinâmico que inclui entre outras muitas funções, a visão. A evolução da visão inicia-se na vida intrauterina e continua após o nascimento. O período intra-útero e essencialmente importante para o futuro desenvolvimento visual da criança. Assim, as alterações causadas pela infecção pelo Zika têm demostrado repercutir no futuro desenvolvimento da criança. Uma forma de avaliar o sistema visual humano é avaliando a função de sensibilidade ao contraste. A FSC descreve o desempenho do sistema visual em níveis diferentes de contrastes. Neste trabalho de pesquisa está se avaliando a função de sensibilidade ao contraste em bebês cujas mães apresentaram Zika vírus na gestação. Foram feitos testes em 77 crianças com faixa etária de 2 a 24 meses, mais da metade destas crianças formará parte do grupo de controle. A função de sensibilidade ao contraste foi avaliada por meio do Programa de Psicofísica Psykinematix. Foi realizado teste descritivo completo para cada grupo e faixa etária. Análises comparativas entre os grupos foram realizadas com bases nas diferenças entre os valores individuais dos grupos controle e exposto, por meio de Análise de Variância de 1 Via. Correlações entre idade e sensibilidade ao contraste foram realizadas pelo teste de Spearman Rank Order para cada grupo e frequências espaciais. Comparando o grupo exposto e o grupo infectado não encontramos diferença estatística para nenhuma das frequências espaciais. Realizamos correlação entre idade e valor de sensibilidade ao contrate para as frequências testadas. Os dados preliminares mostraram haver uma correlação moderada significativa entre a idade e os valores de sensibilidade ao contrate para a frequência 0,6 cpg (r = 0,45; p< 0,05) para o grupo exposto. Nosso método se mostrou como uma ferramenta eficaz para estudos de sensibilidade ao contraste espacial de luminância nesta população. O desenvolvimento de métodos de medida de funções visuais em bebês e crianças não verbais é de grande importância, pois há pouca disponibilidade de metodologia comportamental para esta faixa etária. O desenvolvimento deste programa de medida permitiu que realizássemos avaliações de sensibilidade ao contraste em bebês e crianças com Zika vírus, discutidos na próxima sessão desta discussão. Outro resultado que mostra a robustez de nosso estudo está no fato dos resultados de nossas medidas estarem similares às medidas realizadas em bebês desta idade por outros pesquisadores para as mesmas frequências espaciais. Concluímos que as medidas de sensibilidade ao contraste em bebês com exposição ao Zika vírus não apresentaram redução da sensibilidade ao contraste em comparação com bebês não expostosThe Zika virus is an emerging arbovirus that is transmitted by mosquitoes of the genus Aedes. The infection, which is clinically characterized as an acute, very nonspecific febrile syndrome similar to dengue, is associated with changes in the nervous system as well as microcephaly in the newborn. Child development is a continuous and very dynamic process that includes many functions as vision. The evolution of vision begins in intrauterine life and continues after birth. The intra-uterus period is essentially important for the child\'s future visual development. Thus, the changes caused by the infection by Zika have been shown to have an impact on the child\'s future development. One way of assessing the human visual system is by evaluating the contrast sensitivity function. FSC describes the performance of the visual system at different levels of contrasts. In this research, the contrast sensitivity function is evaluated in infants whose mothers presented Zika virus during pregnancy. Were tested 77 children aged 2 to 24 months, half of these children will be part of the control group. The contrast sensitivity function was evaluated through Psykinematix Psychophysics Program. A complete descriptive test was performed for each group and age group. Comparative analyzes between the groups were performed based on the differences between the individual values of the control and exposed groups, using one-way analysis of variance. Correlations between age and contrast sensitivity were performed by Spearman Rank Order test for each group and spatial frequencies. Comparing the exposed group and the infected group we found no statistical difference for any of the spatial frequencies. We performed a correlation between age and value of sensitivity to the contrast for the frequencies tested. Preliminary data showed a moderate significant correlation between age and contrast sensitivity values for the 0.6 cpg (r = 0.45, p<0.05) for the exposed group. Our method proved to be na effective tool for studies od luminance spatial contrast sensivity in this population. The development of methods for measuring visual function in infants and nonverbal children is of great importance, as there is little availability of behavioral methodology for this age group. The development of this measurement program allowed us to perform contrast sensitivity assessments in infants and children with Zika virus, discussed in the next section of this discussion. Another result that shows the robustness of our study is that the results of our measurements are similar to measurements made on babies of this age by other researchers for the same spatial frequencies. We conclude that the contrast sensitivity measurements in infants exposed to Zika virus showed no reduction in contrast sensitivity compared to unexposed infant
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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