1,721,042 research outputs found
EU Harmonised Test Protocols for Automotive Polymer Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells
No full textThe Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) operated on air as oxidant and hydrogen as fuel is attractive for vehicle propulsion due to its high power density, low operating temperature and high efficiency. In this application, PEMFC can experience operating conditions which are severe to the materials involved. To be useful and relevant, PEMFC performance testing should simulate as closely as possible the stressors encountered in real-world driving.
Up till now, the lack of readily deployable European methods for testing PEMFC has hampered objective comparative performance assessment under realistic operating conditions. Hence until recently, objective assessment of the impact of technology progress on PEMFC performance by European measures was virtually impossible.
Exploiting experience from its involvement in many EU research projects, the Joint Research Centre (JRC), the in-house science and policy support service of the European Commission, has filled this gap to the benefit of industrial and research stakeholders, including automotive equipment manufacturers, supply chain actors, system integrators, research organisations and funding agencies such as the European Fuel Cell and Hydrogen Joint Undertaking (FCH-JU), an industry led public-private partnership for Research and Innovation (R&I).
Sustained cooperation with industry and research organisations participating in R&I projects for automotive applications funded by the FCH-JU and coordinated by JRC has resulted in European industry and research stakeholders agreeing on a test methodology, including a set of representative operating conditions and load cycles, such as the Fuel Cell Dynamic Load Cycle (FC-DLC). These are described in the JRC Science for Policy Report "EU harmonised test protocols for PEMFC MEA testing in single cell configuration for automotive applications" (ISBN 978-92-79-54133-9), endorsed by the FCH-JU.JRC.C.1 - Energy Storag
The Contribution of Surface Tension Driven Flows in Flux Line Erosion.
No full textAbstract not availableJRC.(IAM) - Institute For Advanced Material
Paving the Way for Standards for Fuel Cells
No full textGeorgis Tsotridis discusses the many benefi ts and challenges of harmonising fuel cell test methods and also protocols through the Fuel Cell Testing, Safety & Quality Assurance (FCTESQA) project, to make the innovative and clean power source ready for market.JRC.F.2 - Cleaner energ
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Paving the Way for Standards for Fuel Cells
No full textMotivation. Fuel cells have the potential to replace many current energy systems and offer significant energy, environmental and economic benefits compared to several other competing energy conversion technologies currently in use today. Intensive development efforts are being made throughout the world to improve the viability of the technology. As a result, fuel cells have become the leading technology for hydrogen utilisation as an energy carrier over the past ten years. However, fuel cell technologies are not yet mature enough for a broad range of end user applications and need to be further developed as there are significant technological challenges to be addressed. Today there is a tendency for diverse test methods and protocols to be used in the fuel cell community. On the other hand, given that fuel cell developments are underway worldwide, there is a critical need for common agreed methods to measure and assess their power output, efficiency, dynamic behaviour and durability. In order to make comparisons between the various kinds of fuel cells and the results obtained under a tremendous variety of boundary conditions and operation regimes, it is important to have testing procedures, test protocols and measurement methodologies harmonised. The harmonisation of testing procedures, the ultimate goal of the Fuel Cell Testing, Safety & Quality Assurance (FCTESQA) Specific Targeted Research Project (STREP), contributes to the early and market-oriented development of specifications and pre-standards. Eventually, the experimentally validated and benchmarked procedures will be cast into international standards.JRC.DDG.F.2 - Cleaner energ
On Modelling of Surface Deformations during Plasma Disruptions.
No full textAbstract not availableJRC.(IAM) - Institute For Advanced Material
The Melting of Tungsten during Plasma Disruptions
No full textPlasma facing components in tokamak type fusion reactors are subjected to intense heat loads during plasma disruptions. the influence of high heat fluxes on the depth of heat affected zones on pure tungsten metal, has been studied by using a two-dimensional transient computer model which solves the equations of motion and energy. Results are presented for a range of energy densities and disruption times. It is demonstrated that the presence of surface tension creates convective flows, hence exercising an influence on the flow intensities and resulting depths of tungsten molten layers during plasma disruptions. the calculated depths of molten layers are also compared with other mathematical models that have been based on the assumption that heat is transported through the material by conduction only.JRC.(IAM) - Institute For Advanced Material
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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